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Episode Title:
🔑 Pediatric Rickets Simplified — Types, Features, Mnemonics & PYQs
Episode Description (for Spotify):
Rickets keeps coming back in NEET-PG & INI-CET — both in short stems and clinical vignettes. In this episode, we break it down into bite-sized, exam-friendly pearls with easy mnemonics:
📌 What You’ll Learn:
- Definition & Basics
- Rickets = defective mineralization of growth plate (children).
- Osteomalacia = defective mineralization of osteoid (adults).
- Types of Rickets
- Nutritional (Vit D deficiency) → most common.
- Vitamin D–dependent (Type I & II)
- Vitamin D–resistant (Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets)
- Renal rickets (CKD, renal tubular acidosis).
- Clinical Features (Mnemonic: RICKETS)
- Rosary (rachitic rosary at costochondral junction)
- Inward bowing of legs (genu varum/valgum)
- Craniotabes + delayed closure of fontanelle
- Kyphoscoliosis & knock knees
- Epiphyseal widening + cupping/fraying of metaphysis
- Tetany (hypocalcemia)
- Stomach protrusion (potbelly, Harrison’s sulcus)
- Radiology Mnemonic: WFR
- Widened growth plates
- Fraying of metaphysis
- Rachitic rosary
- Important Lab Patterns
- Nutritional Rickets: ↓Ca, ↓PO₄, ↑ALP, ↑PTH
- Vit D–dependent I: ↓1α-hydroxylase → low calcitriol
- Vit D–dependent II: End-organ resistance → high calcitriol
- Hypophosphatemic: Low phosphate, normal calcium
- Memory Pegs for Types:
- Type I: Hydroxylase defect — think “I can’t Hydroxylate.”
- Type II: Receptor defect — think “II = Resistant.”
- PYQ Connections
- NEET-PG 2021: child with frontal bossing + rachitic rosary → diagnosis?
- INI-CET 2022: lab values with low phosphate, normal calcium → hypophosphatemic rickets.
- NEET-PG 2018: child with multiple fractures, vit D supplementation not working → Vit D-dependent Type II.
🧠 Key Takeaway:
“One table (Ca, PO₄, ALP, PTH) + one mnemonic (RICKETS) = 3–4 sure-shot questions.”
👉 Share this with your study group — one episode can fetch you multiple marks!
