Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is the second smallest planet in the Solar System. Named after the Roman god of war, Mars is often referred to as the "Red Planet" due to its reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys, deserts, and polar caps of Earth.
The planet Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregular in shape. Mars is also home to the largest volcano in the Solar System, Olympus Mons. The average temperature on Mars is about minus 60 degrees Celsius, but can range from minus 143 degrees Celsius at the poles to 20 degrees Celsius at the equator.
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