No episódio de hoje conversamos sobre a Teoria dos Equilíbrios Pontuados, proposta há 50 anos! Quais as principais alegações da teoria? Quer dizer que a evolução dá saltos? Respondemos a essas e outras perguntas, então não deixe de ouvir!
Saiba mais:
Sobre a teoria:
ELDREDGE, Niles. The allopatric model and phylogeny in Paleozoic invertebrates. Evolution, p. 156-167, 1971.
GOULD, Stephen Jay; ELDREDGE, Niles. Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism. Models in paleobiology, v. 1972, p. 82-115, 1972.
Entrevista com Niles Eldredge no Canal Coelho Pré-Cambriano:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kFS89Xlr6u8
Sobre a história da teoria:
ELDREDGE, Niles. Stephen J. Gould in the 1960s and 1970s, and the Origin of “Punctuated Equilibria”. In: Stephen J. Gould: The Scientific Legacy. Springer, Milano, 2013. p. 3-19.
SEPKOSKI, David. Rereading the fossil record. In: Rereading the Fossil Record. University of Chicago Press, 2012.
ELDREDGE, Niles. Eternal ephemera. In: Eternal Ephemera. Columbia University Press, 2015.
Os trabalhos de Elisabeth Vrba sobre species sorting, turnover pulse, effect hypothesis e macroevolução:
VRBA, Elisabeth S. et al. Evolution, species and fossils: how does life evolve. South African Journal of Science, v. 76, n. 2, p. 61-84, 1980.
VRBA, Elisabeth S. Macroevolutionary trends: new perspectives on the roles of adaptation and incidental effect. Science, v. 221, n. 4608, p. 387-389, 1983.
VRBA, Elisabeth S.; GOULD, Stephen Jay. The hierarchical expansion of sorting and selection: sorting and selection cannot be equated. Paleobiology, v. 12, n. 2, p. 217-228, 1986.
VRBA, Elisabeth S. What is species selection?. Systematic Zoology, v. 33, n. 3, p. 318-328, 1984.
Sobre Hierarquias:
ELDREDGE, Niles. Hierarchies and the sloshing bucket: toward the unification of evolutionary biology. Evolution: Education and Outreach, v. 1, n. 1, p. 10-15, 2008.
ELDREDGE, N. The sloshing bucket: how the physical realm controls evolution:. 3-32 in JP Crutchfield and P. Schuster, eds. Evolutionary dynamics: exploring the interplay of selection, accident, neutrality, and function. 2003.
Uma introdução mais geral à perspectiva hierárquica se encontra no livro Eternal Ephemera (Eldredge, 2015) supracitado.
Uma revisão sobre tendências evolutivas:
GREGORY, T. Ryan. Evolutionary trends. Evolution: Education and Outreach, v. 1, n. 3, p. 259-273, 2008.
Evidências a favor da teoria:
HUNT, Gene; HOPKINS, Melanie J.; LIDGARD, Scott. Simple versus complex models of trait evolution and stasis as a response to environmental change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 112, n. 16, p. 4885-4890, 2015.
HUNT, Gene. The relative importance of directional change, random walks, and stasis in the evolution of fossil lineages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 104, n. 47, p. 18404-18408, 2007.
HOPKINS, Melanie J.; LIDGARD, Scott. Evolutionary mode routinely varies among morphological traits within fossil species lineages. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109, n. 50, p. 20520-20525, 2012.
HUNT, Gene et al. Phenotypic evolution in fossil species: pattern and process. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 42, n. 1, p. 421-441, 2014.
Aspectos históricos sobre Darwin e os Equilíbrios Pontuados:
RHODES, FH T. Darwin's gradualism and empiricism (reply). Nature, v. 309, n. 5964, p. 116-116, 1984.
Ver também Eldredge (2013), já referenciado.
