The EU is facing a dilemma: to protect its automotive industry or to promote the transition to affordable electric vehicles? The trade investigation announced by Ursula von der Leyen reflects this tension."The investigation appears more as a political challenge than merely a commercial one."While China has strategically invested in the electric vehicle sector, Europe seems to be lagging behind. The risk is that the costs of the energy transition will fall on European citizens, who are forced to buy electric vehicles at high prices or give up mobility.Conclusion:The growth of Chinese electric vehicle brands in Europe represents both a challenge and an opportunity. Europe must find a balance between protecting its industry and promoting a competitive market that fosters innovation and accessibility for consumers. The decision to impose tariffs or not will have significant consequences for the future of the European automotive sector and the achievement of climate goals.