Good morning and welcome to your Monday dose of Your Daily Meds.
Bonus Review: What humoral factors stimulate parietal cell gastric acid production?
Answer: A few important ones include:
* Histamine (H2 receptors)
* Acetylcholine (M1 muscarinic receptors)
* Gastrin (gastrin receptors)
- these receptors are on the basolateral membrane.
Query:
Which of the following is not among the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic use?
* Akathisia
* Rigidity
* Tremor
* Bradykinesia
* Odynophagia
Have a think.
Remember some Latin (or Greek?).
And scroll for the chat.
Query:
In the case of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), which of the following organisms is more likely to affect the elderly patient with pre-existing lung disease?
* Mycoplasma pneumoniae
* Haemophilus influenzae
* Legionella pneumophila
* Burkholderia pseudomallei
* Staphylococcus aureus
Have a think.
More scroll for more chat.
The Pyramids:
Extrapyramidal symptoms are common side effects associated with antipsychotic usage. The incidence of these effects is reduced with the use of second generation antipsychotics. The symptoms are due to their effect as Dopamine D2 antagonists or partial agonists which can interfere with the dopamine transmission in the nigrostriatal tract.
The symptoms produced by interference in this system are similar to those seen in Parkinson’s disease and include akathisa, rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia and acute dystonic reactions.
So, odynophagia, painful swallowing, is not among the extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic use.
Lung Bugs:
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common causative agent of community acquired pneumonia (CAP).
The likelihood that other organisms are involved or responsible for a clinical picture of pneumonia is based on patient age and clinical context.
The age and context of the patient with CAP may suggest a causative agent, unlike radiological findings, which are often unhelpful when distinguishing organisms.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is more common in young people and rare in the elderly; unlike Haemophilus influenzae, which is more common in the elderly, especially when there is an underlying lung disease. Legionella pneumophila occurs in outbreaks and is often linked to contaminated cooling towers in hospitals and hotels. Staphylococcus aureus tends to be more common following a bout of influenza. Furthermore, foreign travel may raise the risk of less likely organisms such as Burkholderia pseudomallei in those travelling from south-east Asia.
Bonus: What are some of the actions of gastric acid?
Answer in tomorrow’s dose.
Closing:
Thank you for taking your Meds and we will see you tomorrow for your MANE dose. As always, please contact us with any questions, concerns, tips or suggestions. Have a great day!
Luke.
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