Peter's confession of Jesus of Nazareth as "the Christ, the Son of the Living God" is followed by the fuller revelation of the coming Cross and its consequence. Peter's affection for his master expresses itself in a protest that draws, from Christ, a fierce rejection of Peter's counsel.
Why so fierce? This is the Battle of Caesarea Philippi where Satan tempts Christ to a destiny that avoids the cross. His disciples, then and now, will often face the same temptation.