CORRECTION: A commenter below graciously corrected me on a point I (George) raised in the show. When I talk about desiderative languages, please replace that word with dechticaetiative. Look to the comments below for a relevant link. I apologize for misidentifying the phenomenon I was talking about.
We talk a lot about morphosyntactic alignment, outlining the basic types, talking a little about various complications, and even bringing up a linguist who thinks it’s not all that important, anyway. Also, we feature a natlang for the second time: Ngarla, a language of Australia, with some morphosyntactic oddness (that’s typical for Australia, but still odd). Also, stick around after the end music to hear George’s informal review of China Miéville’s Embassytown.
Top of Show Greeting: Jameld
Links and Resources:
Featured NATLANG: Ngarla
Feedback:
Email from Bryn LaFollette:
As far as feedback, there were two main thoughts I’ve been having:
1. Aside from the foray into supersegmentals, it seems like phonology
hasn’t figured very strongly in the podcast. The episode on sound
systems and romanization was really mostly just romanization, and left
me wondering if it might not be something worth covering. Especially,
the wonderfully diverse contrasting features in the worlds languages.
Likewise, concepts like sonority scale and what sorts of crazy
phonemes some languages in the world deem to function as a syllable
nucleus, not just syllabic /r/ or /l/, but like /t/, for example. The
sound of a language as spoken by a fluent speaker is a major part of
the appeal to me, and I feel like maybe more appreciation of the sound
of less familiar languages might be a nice source of inspiration to
others. For example, as I’ve heard you guys mention that Pacific
Northwest languages are popular right. Although I don’t share the
philosophy of the website, or the substance or message of the
recordings, this is still a great series of recordings of speakers
reading texts in Nootka
(http://globalrecordings.net/en/program/C06150). There are many others
of quite a variety of American Indian languages on the same site, as
well.
2. Historical linguistics and language change are of strong interest
to me, and I think the level of work in including elements of
historical linguistics techniques in conlanging may not necessarily
need to be as involved as it sounds like is often portrayed in the
podcast. For example, I was thinking how in ep #27 on irregularity how
one of the easiest ways to add irregularity is basically to get a
suppletion pattern in a verb or noun paradigm by simply coming up with
two separate lexical items, sussing out the full pattern for each, and
then create the irregular one for the language by simply picking and
choosing between the two. This is a nice quick way of getting, for
example, a pattern like that of English verb ‘to go’ (go~gone~went).
Another useful idea is to put some historical style structure in your
lexicon by establishing specific strata (like Norman-French vs
Anglo-Saxon vs Latin in English, or Yamato vs Sino-Japanese in
Japanese). Having a subset of vocabulary that was borrowed at some
point from another language, and so doesn’t “fit” quite the same with
the rest is an easy and quick way to add some naturalistic detail. The
thing is, Historical Linguistics, when you’re doing it formally, is
for the most part working backwards toward some common ancestor by
cross linguistic comparison, or internal reconstruction. Sure you can
work forwards through time from a pre-defined proto-language to your
daughter language. But, that’s just one method of using that toolset
with others that can be applied on a much less overarching scale.
This is getting too long, so I’ll just leave off there.
Cheers,
Bryn
— Ceterum censeo, Carthaginem esse delendam.