Contributor: Aaron Lessen MD
Educational Pearls:
Lorazepam (Ativan) is dosed at 0.1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 4 mg in status epilepticus
Some ED protocols only give 2 mg initially
The maximum recommended dose of levetiracetam (Keppra) is 60 mg/kg or 4.5 g
In one retrospective study, only 50% of patients received the correct dose of lorazepam
For levetiracetam, it was only 35% of patients
Underdosing leads to complications
Higher rates of intubations
More likely to progress to refractory status epilepticus
References
1. Cetnarowski A, Cunningham B, Mullen C, Fowler M. Evaluation of intravenous lorazepam dosing strategies and the incidence of refractory status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res. 2023;190(November 2022):107067. doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.107067
2. Sathe AG, Tillman H, Coles LD, et al. Underdosing of Benzodiazepines in Patients With Status Epilepticus Enrolled in Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2019;26(8):940-943. doi:10.1111/acem.13811
Summarized by Jorge Chalit, OMSII | Edited by Meg Joyce & Jorge Chalit
