This paper explores the cellular responses to RNA damage, highlighting its critical role in maintaining life processes, similar to DNA. It discusses how RNA, despite its transient nature, is constantly susceptible to damage from various endogenous and environmental sources, including oxidation, alkylation, and UV irradiation. The text details the consequences of RNA damage, such as compromised transcription, splicing, and translation fidelity, which necessitate rapid cellular responses. Furthermore, it explains the mechanisms cells employ to manage RNA damage, including sequestration, degradation, and direct repair, and emphasizes the intricate interplay between RNA and DNA damage responses. Finally, the text links RNA damage responses to various human diseases, including inflammatory disorders, metabolic conditions, neurodegeneration, and cancer, suggesting potential therapeutic avenues.
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