In this episode, Telmen Altanshagai discusses Mongolia’s evolving energy landscape, from diversification strategies and regional connectivity to the governance challenges shaping the country’s path toward greater energy security.
Telmen Altanshagai
Telmen is a Washington, D.C.-based independent policy analyst, Energy and Climate Intern at Observer Research Foundation America, Global Policy Institute Fellow, specializing in energy security and development economics across the Global South, with particular expertise on Mongolia, where her research examines how the global energy transition shapes the country's economic stability and long-term development trajectory.
Content
00:00 – Introduction
01:31 – Overview of Mongolia’s Energy Mix and Security Landscape
04:13 – Pathways for Energy Diversification
07:08 – Can China Serve as a Source of Energy Diversification?
08:44 – Heating Infrastructure and Urban Electricity Challenges in Ulaanbaatar
11:05 – Persistent Dependence on Coal
14:02 – Energy Access and Infrastructure in Rural Mongolia
16:03 – Structure and Dynamics of Energy Governance
18:59 – Potential Benefits of the Power of Siberia 2 Pipeline for Mongolia
22:46 – Domestic Expertise and Policy Debate on Power of Siberia 2
24:32 – Assessing the Need for an Oil Pipeline from Russia
25:32 – India’s Investment in Mongolia’s First Oil Refinery
27:31 – Mongolia’s Broader Energy Investment Strategy
31:32 – Domestic Investment Climate and Incentives for the Energy Sector
34:30 – China’s Expanding Energy Investments in Mongolia
35:59 – The East Asian Power Grid Concept and Regional Connectivity
37:59 – Energy Poverty and Socioeconomic Inequality
41:22 – Climate Change Impacts on Mongolia’s Energy Security
43:48 – Building Human Capital for Energy Security
46:18 – National Debt and Its Implications for Energy Policy
49:12 – Comparing Africa and Mongolia: Mining Wealth and Public Benefit
51:47 – Policy Priorities: What Should a Mongolian Prime Minister Do to Strengthen Energy Security?
54:54 – Future Directions and Research Opportunities
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