Description

In this episode of Behind the Latch, Margaret Salty reviews recent research findings that impact lactation consultants. From foot reflexology and postpartum comfort, to the role of medium-chain fatty acids in shaping the infant microbiome, predictive markers for delayed lactogenesis in mothers with gestational diabetes, and a rare case of contaminated breastmilk—Margaret translates the latest studies into actionable insights for IBCLCs.

Key Points Covered:

1. Foot Reflexology and Breastfeeding Outcomes

Margaret reviews a meta-analysis examining the effect of foot reflexology on postpartum comfort and breastfeeding outcomes.

Reference:

Koyuncu, G., & Yıldız, D. (2024). The effect of foot reflexology on postpartum comfort and breastfeeding outcomes in postpartum women: A meta-analysis study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 55, 101805. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101805

Practical Takeaways:

• Reflexology improved latch quality and breastfeeding satisfaction.
• It reduced breast pain and tension, easing milk transition.
• Enhanced maternal comfort promotes oxytocin release and milk ejection.
• A promising non-pharmacologic support for cesarean recovery.

2. Medium-Chain Fatty Acids, Maternal Diet, and Infant Gut Health

Margaret shares findings from a Chinese study linking maternal diet, breast milk composition, and infant microbiome development.

Reference:

Wang, Y., et al. (2025). The concentration of medium-chain fatty acids in breast milk is influenced by maternal diet and associated with gut microbiota in infants. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 38(2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.13220

Practical Takeaways:

• Maternal fat intake alters medium-chain fatty acids in milk.
• These fatty acids influence the infant’s gut microbiota and immune function.
• Breast milk with higher MCFAs promotes beneficial bacteria like butyrate-producers.
• Encourages tailored dietary guidance during lactation.

3. Sodium and Sodium-Potassium Ratio Predict Delayed Lactogenesis

Margaret explores a prospective study assessing electrolyte levels in breast milk and their link to delayed lactogenesis in mothers with gestational hyperglycemia.

Reference:

Li, X., et al. (2025). Breast milk sodium and sodium-potassium ratio predict delayed onset of lactogenesis in mothers with gestational hyperglycemia. Breastfeeding Medicine, 20(4), 190–198. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0234

Practical Takeaways:

• Elevated sodium and Na:K ratios signal delayed lactogenesis II.
• Thresholds: sodium ≥ 26.25 mmol/L, Na:K ratio ≥ 1.646.
• Could support precision-based early lactation intervention.
• Suggests possible integration of lab-based tools into lactation care.

4. Serratia Marcescens and Pink Breast Milk: A Cautionary Case Report

Margaret discusses a Tanzanian case report of a breastfed infant with GI bleeding linked to pink breast milk contaminated with Serratia marcescens.

Reference:

Ng’ang’a, J., et al. (2025). Serratia marcescens in breast milk and gastrointestinal bleeding in an infant: A case report from Tanzania. African Journal of Pediatric Health, 13(1), 22–27. https://doi.org/10.4314/ajph.v13i1.4

Practical Takeaways:

• Contamination likely came from inadequately sterilized pump parts.
• Highlights importance of clear hygiene education for pumping parents.
• Pink milk may indicate dangerous...