Today's episode explores a growing issue in both dentistry and public health: microplastics and nanoplastics, often called MNPs.
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles smaller than 5 millimeters, while nanoplastics are even smaller—less than 1 micrometer. These particles are now found everywhere in the environment, including water, air, soil, and even inside the human body. Researchers have already detected them in blood, lungs, placenta, breast milk, and stool.
Plastics contain over 13,000 chemicals, and thousands of these substances may be harmful to human health, including carcinogens, endocrine disruptors, and neurotoxic compounds.
Dentistry is both a source and pathway of exposure to micro- and nanoplastics.
Several common dental materials and devices release these particles, including:
Resin-based composite fillings
Clear aligners and orthodontic appliances
Prosthetic materials like dentures
Impression materials used for dental molds
These materials can release microplastics through wear, degradation, polishing, and everyday use.
Daily oral hygiene products also contribute to exposure. Examples include:
Toothpastes
Toothbrushes
Dental floss
Mouthwashes
Over time, these products can release small plastic particles that may be ingested or inhaled, leading to chronic exposure.
Research suggests that micro- and nanoplastics may affect the oral environment in several ways, including:
Irritation of oral tissues
Disruption of the oral microbiome
Damage to oral cells
Potential genotoxic effects
Some studies also suggest that long-term exposure could contribute to oral cancer, although more research is needed.
Because these particles are so small, they can cross biological barriers and spread throughout the body.
Experimental studies show they may cause:
Oxidative stress
Inflammation
Immune system disruption
Hormonal interference
Microbiome imbalance
Potential effects on fertility, brain health, and development
Microplastics can also act as carriers for other environmental toxins, which may increase their harmful effects.
Despite the growing evidence, the review highlights that clinical awareness in dentistry is still limited, and regulatory oversight remains insufficient.
Many dental professionals may not yet consider microplastic release when selecting materials or products.
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Do you have a mouth- or body-related question for Dr. Sanda? Send her a message on Instagram! Remember, you're not healthy until your mouth is healthy. So take care of it in the most natural way.
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