In this episode, Bill and Andy Bush discuss the differences between Roth and traditional retirement accounts, focusing on their tax implications, contribution limits, and the benefits of Roth accounts. They explore when to consider Roth contributions, the investment growth potential, and the impact of recent legislative changes on Roth accounts. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding these options for effective retirement planning.
Chapters
00:00 – Introduction to Roth vs Traditional Accounts
- Bill Bush introduces the episode and reflects on revisiting the topic of Roth versus traditional retirement accounts.
- Mention of a memorable past presentation titled The Grapes of Roth, which highlights the benefits of Roth accounts.
03:07 – Understanding Roth Contributions and Tax Implications
- Andy Bush explains the analogy of an old TV commercial: "You can pay me now, or you can pay me later," as it relates to Roth versus traditional accounts.
- Overview of pre-tax contributions to 401(k) plans and the tax-deferred growth they offer.
- Explanation of how Roth contributions are made after taxes, leading to tax-free withdrawals during retirement.
05:51 – Roth IRA vs 401(k): Contribution Limits and Eligibility
- Bill and Andy discuss the introduction of Roth IRAs in the late 90s and the addition of Roth 401(k) options in 2006.
- Clarification of contribution limits for Roth IRAs and 401(k)s, and the income thresholds for contributing to a Roth IRA.
- Explanation that Roth 401(k) contributions have no income limits for eligibility as long as the plan allows them.
09:09 – When to Consider Roth Accounts
- Discussion of when it makes sense to choose Roth contributions, emphasizing younger employees in lower tax brackets.
- Situations where contributing to Roth accounts could be beneficial, such as planning for higher future tax rates or large future expenses.
- Insights into the strategic benefits for higher earners and those planning for estate purposes.
11:56 – Investment Growth and Tax Treatment of Roth Accounts
- Explanation of how Roth accounts grow tax-free and the advantages of not paying taxes on dividends, interest, or capital gains.
- Comparison between Roth accounts and taxable accounts, highlighting the ongoing tax implications of the latter.
15:11 – Roth Accounts and Retirement Planning
- Discussion of how Roth withdrawals in retirement do not count as taxable income, preserving Social Security benefits and avoiding Medicare surcharge thresholds.
- Example scenarios involving large purchases during retirement and how Roth distributions can be advantageous.
17:51 – Future of Roth Contributions and Legislative Changes
- Overview of the Secure Act 2.0 and its implications for Roth accounts, such as the elimination of RMDs for Roth 401(k)s.
- Explanation of future changes, including catch-up contributions for higher earners and the potential for employer Roth matches.
- Insight into how legislative changes have made Roth contributions more flexible and appealing.
21:09 – Conclusion and Legacy of Roth Accounts
- Reflection on Senator William Roth’s legacy and the expansion of Roth account options over the years.
- Bill and Andy ponder whether William Roth foresaw the long-term impact of his contributions to retirement planning.
- Encouragement for listeners to reach out with questions and consider how Roth options fit into their retirement strategy.
Takeaways
- The difference between Roth and traditional accounts is primarily tax-related.
- Roth contributions are made after taxes, while traditional contributions are pre-tax.
- Roth accounts have been available since the late 90s, with 401(k) options added in 2006.
- Income limits apply to Roth IRAs but not to Roth 401(k) contributions.
- Roth accounts do not require minimum distributions during the account holder's lifetime.
- Younger employees may benefit more from Roth contributions due to lower tax brackets.
- Roth accounts allow for tax-free growth and withdrawals in retirement.
- Legislative changes are making Roth accounts more accessible and beneficial.
- Employer matches can potentially be made as Roth contributions.
- Understanding the implications of Roth accounts is crucial for effective retirement planning.
Sound Bites
- "You can pay me now or you can pay me later."
- "The real answer is a guy's name."
- "Pay it once, you don't pay it ongoing."
- "Roth accounts are becoming more prominent."
Resources
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