Episode 80 of the Professor Alex Volinsky podcast. Aluminum powder's oxide skins survive as ceramic films on particle boundaries; hot extrusion fragments them into dispersed particles, restoring bonding. Alloy data pending abstract retrieval. Based on the paper: The Conjoint Influence of Oxygen and Hot Extrusion on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a Powder Metallurgy Processed Aluminum Alloy; W. Han, C. Chen, P. Li, Y. Li, G. Su, C. Sun, F. Yang, A.A. Volinsky, Z. Guo; Materials Science & Engineering A, 2022, Vol. 861 (article 144317). Hosts Elena and Marcus. AI-generated voices.