Constraints on Yukawa gravity parameters from observations of bright stars by P. Jovanović et al. on Wednesday 23 November
In this paper we investigate a Yukawa gravity modification of the Newtonian
gravitational potential in a weak field approximation. For that purpose we
derived the corresponding equations of motion and used them to perform two-body
simulations of the stellar orbits. In 2020 the GRAVITY Collaboration detected
the orbital precession of the S2 star around the supermassive black hole (SMBH)
at the Galactic Center (GC) and showed that it is close to the general
relativity (GR) prediction. Using this observational fact, we evaluated
parameters of the Yukawa gravity (the range of Yukawa interaction $\Lambda$ and
universal constant $\delta$) with the Schwarzschild precession of the S-stars
assuming that the observed Schwarzschild precession will be equal to their GR
estimates. GR provides the most natural way to fit observational data for
S-star orbits, however, their precessions can be fitted by Yukawa gravity. Our
main goal was to study the possible influence of the strength of Yukawa
interaction, i.e. the universal constant $\delta$, on the precessions of S-star
orbits. We analyze S-star orbits assuming different strength of Yukawa
interaction $\delta$ and find that this parameter has strong influence on range
of Yukawa interaction $\Lambda$. Using MCMC simulations we obtain the best-fit
values and uncertanties of Yukawa gravity parameters for S-stars. Also, we
introduce a new criterion which can be used for classification of gravitational
systems in this type of gravity, according to their scales. We demonstrated
that performed analysis of the observed S-stars orbits around the GC in the
frame of the Yukawa gravity represent a tool for constraining the Yukawa
gravity parameters and probing the predictions of gravity theories.
arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12951v1
