We trace how the Mapuche won autonomy in the nineteenth century, lost land to settlers and plantations, and now reclaim territory to rebuild food systems, ceremonies, and health. Nico details police raids, shadowy paramilitary attacks, and the meaning of autonomy without a state.
• Mapuche resistance and lost autonomy after invasion
• Settler expansion and the rise of pine and eucalyptus
• Land recoveries as food, culture, and governance
• Ceremonies and planting as flashpoints for repression
• Health rooted in native forests and water
• Paramilitary violence against families and children
• Autonomy as daily management and local decision‑making
