The U.S. sanctions aimed at crippling China’s access to advanced semiconductor technology ended up backfiring. Instead of stalling China’s tech rise, the pressure accelerated its self-reliance. In response, China developed its own cutting-edge chips and boosted its domestic semiconductor industry—building exactly what the U.S. tried to deny them. Now, instead of depending on Western tech, China is becoming a direct competitor in critical industries, including AI, quantum computing, and chip manufacturing. The sanctions didn’t stop progress—they fueled it.
