Iranian cyber operations have sharply escalated in 2025, targeting critical infrastructure, defense sectors, and global businesses—especially those linked to Israel and the U.S. From destructive malware and coordinated DDoS attacks to sophisticated hack-and-leak campaigns leveraging generative AI, Iranian threat actors are rapidly evolving. Join us to explore their latest tactics, notable incidents, and essential strategies to defend your organization.
Hosts Sherri Davidoff and Matt Durrin break down wiper malware trends, AI-powered phishing, the use of deepfakes for psychological operations, and the critical role of patching and MFA in protecting against collateral damage.
Key Takeaways for Cybersecurity Leaders
- Patch Internet-Facing Systems Promptly: Iranian attackers frequently exploit unpatched systems—especially VPNs, SharePoint, and other perimeter-facing tools. Microsoft’s July Patch Tuesday alone included 137 vulnerabilities, including actively exploited zero-days. Stay current to avoid being an easy target.
- Implement Phishing-Resistant Multifactor Authentication (MFA): Groups like Charming Kitten are leveraging generative AI to craft convincing spear phishing emails. Use MFA methods such as FIDO2 security keys, biometrics, or passkeys. Avoid push fatigue, SMS codes, or email-based MFA which are easily phished or bypassed.
- Segment and Secure Critical IT & OT Systems: Assume attackers will get in. Segment IT from OT networks (especially SCADA/ICS environments) and limit lateral movement. Iranian campaigns have crossed into OT, targeting backups and sabotaging ICS operations.
- Maintain Robust, Tested Backup and Recovery Systems: Wiper malware and ransomware deployed by Iranian groups have destroyed both live data and backups. Use immutable or offline backups, and test full restores. Automate reimaging processes to ensure rapid recovery at scale.
- Raise Awareness Against Sophisticated Social Engineering: Train staff to recognize AI-generated phishing and deepfake audio/video attacks. Iran has used deepfakes to spread disinformation and influence public perception. Show your team what deepfakes look and sound like so they can spot them in the wild.
Resources & References
CISA/FBI/NSA Joint Advisory: https://www.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/2025-06/joint-fact-sheet-Iranian-cyber-actors-may-target-vulnerable-US-networks-and-entities-of-interest-508c-1.pdf
Unit 42 Report: https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/iranian-cyberattacks-2025/
Deepwatch Threat Intel: https://www.deepwatch.com/labs/customer-advisory-elevated-iranian-cyber-activity-post-u-s-strikes/
LMG Security – Defending Against Generative AI Attacks: https://lmgsecurity.com/defend-against-generative-ai-attacks/
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