Ralph Waldo Emerson , 1803-1882:
A Great 19th Century Writer and Philosopher
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: I’m Shirley Griffith.
STEVE EMBER: And I’m Steve Ember with the VOA Special English program PEOPLE IN
AMERICA. Today we tell about the life of nineteenth century philosopher and writer Ralph
Waldo Emerson.
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: The United States had won its independence from Britain just twenty-
two years before Ralph Waldo Emerson was born. But it had yet to win its cultural
independence. It still took its traditions from other countries, mostly from western
Europe. What the American Revolution did for the nation's politics, Emerson did for its culture.
When he began writing and speaking in the eighteen thirties, conservatives saw him as
radical -- wild and dangerous. But to the young, he spoke words of self-dependence -- a
new language of freedom. He was the first to bring them a truly American spirit.
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