On October 19, 1931, the iconic gangster Al Capone was convicted of income tax evasion in a highly publicized trial in Chicago, Illinois. The trial was a result of a lengthy investigation by the federal government, led by the determined U.S. Attorney George E. Q. Johnson and the special agent Frank J. Wilson from the Treasury Department's Intelligence Unit.
Alphonse Gabriel "Al" Capone, nicknamed "Scarface," was a notorious American gangster who rose to infamy during the Prohibition era. He was the co-founder and boss of the Chicago Outfit, an Italian-American organized crime syndicate based in Chicago. Capone's criminal empire included bootlegging, gambling, prostitution, and extortion rackets, which generated an estimated $100 million in revenue annually.
Despite his involvement in numerous illegal activities, including the infamous Saint Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929, Capone managed to evade prosecution for years. However, his downfall came when federal authorities shifted their focus to his finances. The investigation revealed that Capone had not paid income taxes on his vast earnings, providing the government with a solid case against him.
The trial began on October 6, 1931, and lasted for two weeks. The prosecution presented a strong case, with evidence gathered from Capone's gambling records and testimony from his associates. On October 17, the jury found Capone guilty of five counts of income tax evasion and failing to file tax returns.
Two days later, on October 19, 1931, Judge James H. Wilkerson sentenced Al Capone to 11 years in federal prison, fined him $50,000, and ordered him to pay $215,000 plus interest in back taxes. The verdict was seen as a triumph for the federal government and a significant blow to organized crime in America.
Capone served his sentence at the Atlanta U.S. Penitentiary and Alcatraz before being released in 1939 due to poor health. He spent the last years of his life in his mansion in Florida, suffering from the effects of syphilis and dementia. Al Capone passed away on January 25, 1947, at the age of 48.
The conviction of Al Capone on this day in history remains a landmark event in the fight against organized crime and the government's efforts to bring notorious criminals to justice. It also highlighted the power of the federal income tax laws as a tool for prosecuting individuals who had previously evaded the law.
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