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Showing episodes and shows of
1867 & All That
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Storman Norman Presents
On the Edge of a New Dominion: Confederation and Its Discontents (1860–1867)
In Episode 5 (1860–1867), we examine how political deadlock, economic upheaval, and strategic uncertainty pushed British North America toward Confederation.The Crisis: We explore the internal deadlock in the Province of Canada and the external pressures from the American Civil War and British military withdrawal.The Conferences: From Charlottetown to Quebec and London, we track how a federal union gained traction over other options like a Maritime Union.The Deal: We analyze the BNA Act (1867)—who joined (Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick), who stayed out (PEI, Newfoundland), and the balance of federal powers.Th...
2026-01-16
36 min
News of the Times - Unlocking the vaults of historical crime
The Clerkenwell Explosion: The Outrage That Shocked Victorian Britain (1867)
The Clerkenwell Explosion: The Outrage That Shocked Victorian Britain (1867)A quiet December afternoon in 1867 — and then a blast so powerful it shattered windows for half a mile, reduced homes to rubble, and sent shockwaves through Victorian London. What unfolded at Clerkenwell was far more than an attempted prison rescue. It became one of the most notorious tragedies of the era, triggering public panic, political fury, and the final public execution in British history.In today’s episode, we explore:• What really happened outside Clerkenwell Prison• How a rescue attempt by Fenians spiralled into catastro...
2026-01-14
1h 08
News of the Times - Unlocking the vaults of historical crime
The Limehouse Mystery — The 1867 Case That Divided Victorian London
The Limehouse Mystery — The 1867 Case That Divided Victorian London News of the Times | Episode 565 | 1867 A young woman found dead.A slashed throat.And a chilling claim from her lover — that she did it to herself.But the neighbours heard something different: a scream in the night, the unmistakable cry of murder.By the time the police arrived, her body was already cold… and the timeline didn’t match his story.In this gripping case from Limehouse, 1867, we revisit the murder trial of a lighterman accused of killing his sweetheart in a cra...
2025-10-22
54 min
News of the Times - Unlocking the vaults of historical crime
The Malthouse Murder | Wolverton’s Burning Secret (1867)
The Malthouse Murder | Wolverton’s Burning Secret (1867)News of the Times | Episode 564 |1867 Welcome to News of the Times — where true crime meets smoke, suspicion, and a suspiciously well-stacked pile of coal.In the early dawn of 1867, the villagers of Wolverton awoke to smoke curling from the local malthouse — but the scent wasn’t malted barley. Beneath the flames, they uncovered a charred horror: the half-burned body of Martha Britten, her wedding ring glinting defiantly through the soot. Her husband, George, stood nearby, insisting it wasn’t her. Even as the evidence said otherwise.T...
2025-10-20
49 min
历史的混响
1867年10月18日:美国买下阿拉斯加——一场被嘲笑的“冰雪交易”如何改写北美历史
晚上好,欢迎收听《历史的混响》,我是夕洋洋。今天是2025年10月17日。一百五十八年前的明天,在华盛顿特区的一间办公室里,美国国务卿威廉·西沃德和俄罗斯驻美公使爱德华·德·斯多克尔男爵签署了一份协议。这份只有几页纸的文件,让美国以720万美元的价格,从俄罗斯手中买下了面积超过150万平方公里的土地——阿拉斯加。这在当时被很多人骂作“西沃德的蠢行”“用金子换冰块的交易”,但谁能想到,这片被称为“最后的边疆”的土地,会在未来成为美国战略版图上最重要的一环。要理解这场交易的来龙去脉,得先回到19世纪中叶的世界格局。那时候的美国,刚打完南北战争不久,正处于“西进运动”的高潮期。从1803年购买路易斯安那开始,美国就不断通过购买、战争或谈判扩张领土,密西西比河以西的大片土地陆续被纳入版图。但美国的野心不止于此,他们盯着北方的加拿大和更北的北极圈,想在大西洋和太平洋之间建立更完整的控制。而另一边的俄罗斯,此时正为阿拉斯加的问题头疼。俄罗斯对阿拉斯加的殖民最早可以追溯到18世纪。1741年,丹麦探险家维他斯·白令受沙皇彼得大帝委托,率领船队探索北太平洋,意外发现了阿拉斯加的海岸线。此后,俄罗斯皮毛商人陆续抵达这里,建立贸易站,捕猎海獭、海豹等动物,获取昂贵的皮毛。到19世纪初,俄罗斯已经在阿拉斯加建立了约20个永久定居点,人口约700人,主要是俄罗斯人和阿拉斯加原住民。但到了19世纪中叶,俄罗斯发现自己越来越难守住阿拉斯加。首先是经济上的压力:阿拉斯加的资源主要是皮毛,但随着过度捕猎,海獭数量锐减,皮毛贸易的收入逐年下降。更麻烦的是,阿拉斯加几乎不产粮食,所有补给都得从俄罗斯本土海运,成本极高。其次是政治上的担忧:1853年到1856年,俄罗斯和英法等国爆发了克里米亚战争。战争结束后,俄罗斯元气大伤,而英国作为战胜国,在加拿大的影响力急剧上升。俄罗斯担心,一旦未来和英国再次冲突,英国会以加拿大为跳板,从北方进攻俄罗斯的阿拉斯加殖民地。到时候,俄罗斯不仅要丢掉阿拉斯加,还可能被英国威胁本土。这时候,俄罗斯想到了一个“甩锅”的办法:把阿拉斯加卖给美国。这样一来,既能从这笔交易中获得资金,又能让美国成为自己和英国之间的“缓冲区”——毕竟,英国不太可能为了阿拉斯加和一个刚打赢内战的美国直接开战。更重要的是,俄罗斯当时对阿拉斯加的未来并不看好,与其留着这块“冰天雪地的负担”,不如换成真金白银。那么,美国为什么会同意买下阿拉斯加呢?这背后有几个关键人物。首先是当时的美国总统安德鲁·约翰逊,他急需一场外交胜利来巩固自己的地位——约翰逊因主张赦免南方邦联分子,在国会中很不受欢迎,急需通过扩张领土转移国内矛盾。其次是国务卿威廉·西沃德,这位职业外交家一直对北美大陆的完整有执念,他认为阿拉斯加是美国“天然的一部分”,迟早要纳入版图。还有一个重要推手是俄罗斯驻美公使斯多克尔男爵,他主动向西沃德提出了出售阿拉斯加的想法,并积极促成谈判。谈判的过程其实很顺利。1867年3月,俄罗斯正式向美国提出出售阿拉斯加,报价最初是1000万美元,后来降到720万美元。这个价格相当于当时美国一年财政预算的2%左右(1867年美国财政收入约3.8亿美元)。西沃德觉得这个价格很划算——用不到1000万美元,买下150万平方公里的土地,平均每英亩不到2美分(约合现在的几美元)。但美国国内舆论却炸了锅。当时的美国报纸把阿拉斯加称为“冰盒”“无用的荒地”,讽刺西沃德“花了美国纳税人的钱,买了一堆冻土和北极熊”。国会议员中也有人强烈反对,认为这是“浪费公共资金”“为俄罗斯的失败买单”。甚至有漫画家画了一幅讽刺画:西沃德站在一块巨大的冰块上,手里拿着720万美元的支票,旁边写着“美国的冬季宫殿”。但西沃德没有动摇。他坚持认为,阿拉斯加的战略价值远超过眼前的经济收益。他在给朋友的信中写道:“我们现在可能看不到它的价值,但五十年后,美国人会感谢我们今天的决定。”最终,参议院以37票赞成、2票反对的结果批准了这笔交易。1867年10月18日,双方在华盛顿正式签署协议,这一天后来被称为“阿拉斯加日”。交易完成后,美国面临着新的问题:如何管理这片遥远的土地?阿拉斯加的气候极端寒冷,冬季长达八个月,基础设施几乎为零。最初的几十年里,美国政府对阿拉斯加的管理非常松散,只设立了一个“军事总督”,主要任务是维持治安和征收少量税款。当地的经济仍然以皮毛贸易和小规模渔业为主,人口增长缓慢,到1900年也只有约6万人。转机出现在20世纪初。1896年,加拿大育空地区的克朗代克发现了黄金,引发了北美历史上最大规模的淘金热。成千上万的冒险家涌入阿拉斯加和加拿大北部,寻找黄金。阿拉斯加的苏厄德港、诺姆等地迅速繁荣起来,人口从几千人激增到数万。淘金热不仅带来了财富,还推动了阿拉斯加的基础设施建设——铁路、港口、电报线陆续建成,原本封闭的土地开始与外界连接。更深远的变化发生在二战期间。1941年珍珠港事件后,美国意识到阿拉斯加的战略地位:它是北美大陆最北端的门户,距离苏联的远东地区只有几百公里。如果日本或德国控制了阿拉斯加,就能直接威胁美国本土。于是,美国政府投入巨资在阿拉斯加修建军事基地,包括艾尔森空军基地和后来的格里利堡反导基地。二战期间,阿拉斯加成为美军轰炸日本本土的重要跳板——1942年,美军从阿拉斯加的阿留申群岛起飞,轰炸了日本北海道的油库和军事设施。冷战时期,阿拉斯加的重要性进一步提升。这里是监测苏联导弹和飞机的前沿阵地,美国在这里部署了大量雷达站和侦察设备。1959年,阿拉斯加正式成为美国的第49个州,标志着它彻底融入了美国的国家体系。到了20世纪后期,阿拉斯加的价值又有了新的维度。这里的地下埋藏着丰富的自然资源:石油、天然气、铜、锌、金等。1968年,普拉德霍湾油田的发现彻底改变了阿拉斯加的经济——这个油田的储量超过10亿桶,是美国历史上最大的陆上油田之一。石油收入不仅让阿拉斯加实现了财政自给,还为全美提供了重要的能源保障。如今,阿拉斯加的石油产量占美国总产量的15%左右,天然气产量也位居前列。除了经济和战略价值,阿拉斯加的自然和文化价值也越来越被重视。这里是北美最后一片未被大规模开发的荒野,拥有冰川、苔原、针叶林等多样的生态系统。1980年,美国国会通过《阿拉斯加国家利益土地保护法》,划定了超过1亿英亩的保护区,包括16个国家公园和众多野生动物保护区。阿拉斯加原住民的文化也得到了保护——如今,阿拉斯加有229个原住民村庄,约15%的人口是阿拉斯加原住民或混血,他们的语言、传统艺术和生活方式被列入国家非物质文化遗产。站在今天的角度看,1867年美国购买阿拉斯加的交易,无疑是美国历史上最划算的“投资”之一。用720万美元换来的,不仅是一片土地,更是战略纵深、资源宝库和国家认同的重要组成部分。那些当年嘲笑西沃德的人,大概不会想到,这片“冰天雪地”会在未来成为美国不可分割的一部分。1867年10月18日,当西沃德在协议上签字时,他或许已经预见到了阿拉斯加的潜力。这场被误解的交易,最终改写了北美历史的走向。它告诉我们:历史的评价往往需要时间的沉淀,有些决策在当时看似愚蠢,却可能在百年后显现出非凡的智慧。感谢收听《历史的混响》,我是夕洋洋。一百五十八年前的今天,美国用一笔“冰雪交易”为未来埋下了伏笔。阿拉斯加的故事,不仅是关于土地的买卖,更是关于远见、机遇和时间的礼物。愿我们都能学会用更长远的目光,看待当下的选择。我们下期再会,晚安。
2025-10-17
10 min
The Shipwreck Archives
Mystery of the Jonkheer Meester Van de Wall van Puttershoek (1867)
The World of Adventure, by Cassell and Company, published in 1899, contained the story of the Vicar of Mullyon, a man who had been active in the story of the wreck of the Jonkheer Meester Van de Wall van Puttershoek: “The wind swept right up from the sea, scarcely more than half a mile distant from the vicarage, and its shriek in the trees outside, together with the thundering of the surf upon the shore, were all the sounds his ear could catch. If another sound commingled with the din it was effectually drowned. Nor could anything be seen; no bl...
2025-08-13
17 min
News of the Times - Unlocking the vaults of historical crime
Bridget Durgan: The Maid, The Murder, and the Smile That Haunted 1867
Bridget Durgan: The Maid, The Murder, and the Smile That Haunted 1867News of the Times | Episode 515 | 1867Domestic Servant or Cold-Blooded Killer? The Gruesome Case That Shocked 1867In a quiet New Jersey town in 1867, a physician’s wife is found brutally murdered — stabbed, slashed, and burned — and the only suspect? Her Irish maid, Bridget Durgan. With 50 wounds, bite marks, and a suspicious lack of robbery, this was no ordinary Victorian murder…Was Bridget a jealous killer or the perfect scapegoat in a time steeped in prejudice and paranoia?Join us as we unravel o...
2025-07-04
34 min
Монологи – Флорилегий
Алексей Красиков «Начальное духовное образование в Российской империи 1814-1867 гг. (на материале Вологодской епархии)»
В докладе предпринимается попытка анализа развития начального духовного образования в Российской империи в 1814-1867 гг. Нижней хронологической границей для исследования является проведение реформы духовного образования 1808-1814 гг., по результатам которой сформировалась четырехуровневая система духовных учебных заведений Православной Российской Церкви. Верхней хронологической границей является принятие устава 1867 г., то есть очередной этап реформирования системы духовного образования в целом и начального духовного образования в частности. Следует отметить, что в результате реформы 1808-1814 гг. сформировались два нижних уровня системы подготовки будущих церковно- и священнослужителей – приходские и уездные духовные училища, которые в отечественной исторической и богословской науке незаслуженно обходятся вниманием исследователей, преимущественно сосредотачивающих фокус на среднем и высшем духовном образовании. По уставу 1814 г. уездные и приходские духовные училища сформировались как сугубо сословный институт для предоставления начального образования детям духовного сословия. В результате дальнейшего реформирования постепенно и незначительно их сословность будет размываться, но до реформы 1867 г. сословный характер духовных училищ будет оставаться превалирующим. Основными темами, на которых сосредотачивается внимание в докладе, являются формирование нормативно-правовой базы функционирования уездных духовных училищ, складывание системы учебников и учебных пособий, формирование библиотечных фондов духовных училищ, а также общая характеристика преподавательской корпорации духовных школ. Доклад основан на архивных материалах из фондов Российского государственного исторического архива, Центрального государственного архива города Москвы, Отдела рукописей Российской государственной библиотеки, Государственного архива Вологодской области, Национального архива республики Коми и ряда малых региональных музейных и архивных собраний. По происхождению архивных материалов представлены первичные материалы, отложившиеся в результате деятельности духовных училищ, материалы семинарских правлений, которые осуществляли общее руководство духовными училищами в рамках епархии, материалы академического правления Московского духовно-учебного округа, а также материалы Святейшего Правительствующего Синода. В целом источниковая база представляет значительный объём делопроизводственных и отчётных документов, а также нормативно-правовых актов за весь рассматриваемый период.
2025-06-23
44 min
Флорилегий. Богословские сюжеты
Алексей Красиков «Начальное духовное образование в Российской империи 1814-1867 гг. (на материале Вологодской епархии)»
В докладе предпринимается попытка анализа развития начального духовного образования в Российской империи в 1814-1867 гг. Нижней хронологической границей для исследования является проведение реформы духовного образования 1808-1814 гг., по результатам которой сформировалась четырехуровневая система духовных учебных заведений Православной Российской Церкви. Верхней хронологической границей является принятие устава 1867 г., то есть очередной этап реформирования системы духовного образования в целом и начального духовного образования в частности. Следует отметить, что в результате реформы 1808-1814 гг. сформировались два нижних уровня системы подготовки будущих церковно- и священнослужителей – приходские и уездные духовные училища, которые в отечественной исторической и богословской науке незаслуженно обходятся вниманием исследователей, преимущественно сосредотачивающих фокус на среднем и высшем духовном образовании. По уставу 1814 г. уездные и приходские духовные училища сформировались как сугубо сословный институт для предоставления начального образования детям духовного сословия. В результате дальнейшего реформирования постепенно и незначительно их сословность будет размываться, но до реформы 1867 г. сословный характер духовных училищ будет оставаться превалирующим. Основными темами, на которых сосредотачивается внимание в докладе, являются формирование нормативно-правовой базы функционирования уездных духовных училищ, складывание системы учебников и учебных пособий, формирование библиотечных фондов духовных училищ, а также общая характеристика преподавательской корпорации духовных школ. Доклад основан на архивных материалах из фондов Российского государственного исторического архива, Центрального государственного архива города Москвы, Отдела рукописей Российской государственной библиотеки, Государственного архива Вологодской области, Национального архива республики Коми и ряда малых региональных музейных и архивных собраний. По происхождению архивных материалов представлены первичные материалы, отложившиеся в результате деятельности духовных училищ, материалы семинарских правлений, которые осуществляли общее руководство духовными училищами в рамках епархии, материалы академического правления Московского духовно-учебного округа, а также материалы Святейшего Правительствующего Синода. В целом источниковая база представляет значительный объём делопроизводственных и отчётных документов, а также нормативно-правовых актов за весь рассматриваемый период.
2025-06-23
44 min
вЦентре
Алексей Красиков «Начальное духовное образование в Российской империи 1814-1867 гг. (на материале Вологодской епархии)»
В докладе предпринимается попытка анализа развития начального духовного образования в Российской империи в 1814-1867 гг. Нижней хронологической границей для исследования является проведение реформы духовного образования 1808-1814 гг., по результатам которой сформировалась четырехуровневая система духовных учебных заведений Православной Российской Церкви. Верхней хронологической границей является принятие устава 1867 г., то есть очередной этап реформирования системы духовного образования в целом и начального духовного образования в частности. Следует отметить, что в результате реформы 1808-1814 гг. сформировались два нижних уровня системы подготовки будущих церковно- и священнослужителей – приходские и уездные духовные училища, которые в отечественной исторической и богословской науке незаслуженно обходятся вниманием исследователей, преимущественно сосредотачивающих фокус на среднем и высшем духовном образовании. По уставу 1814 г. уездные и приходские духовные училища сформировались как сугубо сословный институт для предоставления начального образования детям духовного сословия. В результате дальнейшего реформирования постепенно и незначительно их сословность будет размываться, но до реформы 1867 г. сословный характер духовных училищ будет оставаться превалирующим. Основными темами, на которых сосредотачивается внимание в докладе, являются формирование нормативно-правовой базы функционирования уездных духовных училищ, складывание системы учебников и учебных пособий, формирование библиотечных фондов духовных училищ, а также общая характеристика преподавательской корпорации духовных школ. Доклад основан на архивных материалах из фондов Российского государственного исторического архива, Центрального государственного архива города Москвы, Отдела рукописей Российской государственной библиотеки, Государственного архива Вологодской области, Национального архива республики Коми и ряда малых региональных музейных и архивных собраний. По происхождению архивных материалов представлены первичные материалы, отложившиеся в результате деятельности духовных училищ, материалы семинарских правлений, которые осуществляли общее руководство духовными училищами в рамках епархии, материалы академического правления Московского духовно-учебного округа, а также материалы Святейшего Правительствующего Синода. В целом источниковая база представляет значительный объём делопроизводственных и отчётных документов, а также нормативно-правовых актов за весь рассматриваемый период.
2025-06-23
44 min
历史的混响
1867年4月1日:海峡明珠的转捩:新加坡直辖殖民地的诞生
晚上好,我是夕洋洋。欢迎收听《历史的混响》,今天是2025年3月31日,让我们将目光投向158年前的明天——1867年4月1日,这一天,新加坡正式成为英国的直辖殖民地。这个看似普通的行政调整,却深刻改变了东南亚乃至全球的贸易版图。要理解这一事件的意义,我们需要回溯到19世纪初的东南亚。当时,这片海域是欧洲列强争夺的焦点:荷兰控制着爪哇和马六甲,英国则在印度站稳脚跟后向东扩张。1819年,英国东印度公司的代理人斯坦福·莱佛士登陆新加坡岛,与柔佛苏丹签订条约,在此建立贸易站。他的选择极具战略眼光——新加坡位于马六甲海峡南端,是连接印度洋与太平洋的咽喉要道,且拥有天然深水港。最初的二十年里,新加坡的定位并不清晰。1824年,英荷签订《伦敦条约》,荷兰放弃对马六甲和新加坡的声索,换取英国退出苏门答腊。两年后,英国将槟城、马六甲和新加坡合并为“海峡殖民地”,由东印度公司管辖。然而,东印度公司更关注印度的棉花和鸦片贸易,对这片遥远的前哨缺乏投入。到1840年代,新加坡已发展成东南亚最大的转口港,但基础设施严重滞后:码头拥挤、疾病肆虐,甚至连路灯都未普及。真正的转折发生在1858年。印度民族大起义后,英国议会通过《印度政府法案》,解散东印度公司,将印度纳入王室直接管理。这一变革波及海峡殖民地——伦敦的官员们开始质疑:由印度事务部遥控指挥的殖民地管理模式,是否适合日益繁荣的新加坡?1860年代的统计数据揭示了矛盾的核心。根据海峡殖民地年度报告,新加坡1863年的贸易额达到4400万西班牙银元,是槟城的3倍、马六甲的10倍。但税收仅有24万银元,其中60%用于支付官员薪酬。更严重的是,殖民地的法律体系混乱:印度刑法与本地习惯法冲突,司法腐败频发。商人们向伦敦递交请愿书,要求“直接受英国法律保护,而非被当作印度附属品”。与此同时,新加坡的人口结构正在剧变。1849年,全岛华人占比仅为52%,到1860年已激增至68%。这些移民主要来自福建和广东,从事锡矿开采、橡胶种植和转口贸易。他们组建宗亲会馆,建立私会党,甚至自筹资金修建医院和学校。英国驻新加坡总督奥德爵士在1865年的信件中写道:“这里更像一个华人自治城,我们只是名义上的管理者。”伦敦终于意识到改革迫在眉睫。1866年2月,殖民部成立特别委员会,评估海峡殖民地的未来。调查报告显示:新加坡的贸易贡献占整个海峡殖民地的87%,但其财政却被用于补贴槟城和马六甲的赤字。委员会主席亨利·卡尔德科特在听证会上直言:“将新加坡与落后的姐妹城捆绑,就像让快船拖着破舢板航行。”经过八个月的辩论,英国议会于1867年3月通过《海峡殖民地法案》。根据法案,新加坡、槟城和马六甲将于4月1日起脱离印度事务部管辖,升格为直辖殖民地,由殖民部直接管理。这项变革带来三大关键变化:第一,设立立法议会,允许本地商人代表参与决策;第二,建立独立财政体系,新加坡的税收不再外流;第三,引入英国本土法律,取代混杂的印度法典。当我们翻开1867年4月2日的《海峡时报》,头版社论充满乐观:“今天,新加坡真正成为了大英帝国皇冠上的东方明珠。”但历史往往比时人的预想更复杂。直辖殖民地的身份虽提升了行政效率,却也加剧了种族矛盾——占人口多数的华人仍被排除在政治体系之外,而英国官员对马来苏丹的管辖权争议始终悬而未决。成为直辖殖民地后,新加坡的行政机器开始加速运转。首任总督哈里·奥德在1867年7月的就职演说中承诺:“我们将用伦敦的钟表,校准这座港口的齿轮。”他推行的第一项改革是重组政府架构——原先由印度事务部任命的“驻扎官”被废除,代之以殖民部直接派遣的政务司、财政司和律政司。新设立的立法议会由13人组成,其中6席留给欧洲商人代表。华人领袖陈金钟作为首位非欧洲裔议员,在1868年提议修建横跨新加坡河的埃尔金桥,这项工程后来成为连接商业区与华人聚居地的动脉。财政独立让新加坡迅速展现出经济活力。根据1870年的殖民地报告,直辖后的三年间,税收从每年27万叻币增长到43万,其中60%投入基础设施建设。政府雇佣了荷兰工程师约翰·凡·德·林登,他主持的克里门梭码头工程采用当时最先进的蒸汽打桩机,使大型远洋货轮可以直接靠岸装卸。到1873年,新加坡的年吞吐量突破500万吨,超越巴达维亚(今雅加达)成为东南亚第一大港。贸易繁荣催生了新的行业:德国商人奥古斯特·贝恩哈特创办的冰厂,用蒸汽机制造冰块,解决了热带地区食品保鲜难题;苏格兰人托马斯·凯瑟克成立的驳船公司,垄断了货物从外海到仓库的“最后一英里”运输。然而,光鲜的数字背后暗流涌动。直辖殖民地法律要求所有土地交易必须经英国法庭认证,这直接冲击了华人社会的“甘榜”制度——数百年来,马来酋长和华人头家通过口头契约分配土地。1871年,潮州帮首领蔡长茂因私垦土地被起诉,引发五千名华人聚集最高法院抗议。殖民政府最终妥协,设立“乡村土地仲裁处”,允许传统契约在特定区域继续生效。这种“双重土地制度”成为英国实用主义统治的典型缩影:既要用现代法律规范主体经济,又得保留传统秩序以维持社会稳定。教育领域的变化更耐人寻味。1872年,殖民政府拨款建立莱佛士书院,用英语培养本地精英,但华人社群却自发兴办起23所方言学校。福建会馆创办的崇文阁不仅教授《三字经》,还聘请落第秀才编写《南洋地理志》,向学生灌输“中华乃文明之邦,西洋乃奇技之邦”的观念。这种文化分野在医疗体系中也清晰可见:英国人在实龙岗路建起配有显微镜的中央医院,而陈笃生家族创办的中医馆依然用艾草和针灸治疗劳工,两者患者数量常年维持在1比9的比例。司法改革则暴露了殖民体系的根本矛盾。1875年《海峡殖民地刑法典》颁布后,首席法官托马斯·布拉德德尔试图用英国法律审理一起马来族荣誉谋杀案。被告律师当庭引用《古兰经》辩护,陪审团因文化隔阂无法达成共识,导致案件流审。此事催生了“伊斯兰法庭保留条款”——穆斯林在家庭法和继承法领域可依据沙斐仪学派裁决。这种法律多元主义虽然缓解了冲突,却也埋下隐患:当1915年印度穆斯林士兵叛乱时,殖民者才惊觉,他们从未真正理解自己制定的复杂规则。经济腾飞带来的不仅是财富。1870年代的新加坡河两岸,鸦片馆数量比教堂多出三倍。殖民政府从鸦片专营中获取的税收占总收入的40%,这笔“罪恶红利”被用来修建维多利亚剧院和安德逊桥。华人苦力在烟瘾和债务中循环,却为港口提供了廉价劳动力。这种畸形繁荣被英国记者伊莎贝拉·伯德记录在1879年的游记中:“新加坡就像被施了魔法的城堡,它的城墙用肉桂和丁香砌成,地基里却填满了尸骨。”当我们站在19世纪末回望,新加坡作为直辖殖民地的三十年(1867至1900),恰似一场精密的社会实验。英国人为这座港口注入了现代行政体系、自由贸易原则和基础设施资本,而华人、马来人、印度人则用各自的生存智慧,在殖民框架下编织出独特的多元社会网络。这种双重性,在1887年维多利亚女王登基五十周年的庆典中展现得淋漓尽致:欧洲商人在莱佛士酒店举办舞会,用香槟致敬帝国荣光;与此同时,牛车水的街头戏台正在上演福建高甲戏《郑成功开台》,围观劳工的喝彩声震落了棕榈树上的露水。1890年代的产业升级,让新加坡完成了从转口港向工业枢纽的蜕变。随着橡胶硫化技术的成熟,殖民政府将武吉知马山区划为种植园,到1905年时,这里出产的橡胶占全球产量的60%。淡马锡炼锡厂引进电弧熔炉,将马来半岛的锡锭加工成罐头盒销往欧美。更具深远意义的是,英国海军部在1889年启动的亚历山大船坞扩建工程,使新加坡成为皇家舰队在远东的维修基地——这个军事定位,将在半个世纪后的太平洋战争中彻底改变它的命运。社会结构的裂痕却在持续扩大。1901年的人口普查显示,华人占总人口72%,但参政比例不足1%。潮州帮与福建帮为争夺码头控制权爆发的“红灯笼战争”,迫使英国人在1903年成立华民护卫司。首任司长威廉·皮克林戴着假辫子深入会党堂口谈判,最终用“分码头而治”的方案平息了械斗。这种“以华治华”的策略看似高明,却让殖民政府越来越依赖少数买办精英,正如孙中山1906年走访新加坡时在演讲中所说:“这里的华人头顶着三重天空——英国的法律、清廷的辫子、还有他们自己带来的神明。”当我们评判1867年直辖殖民地化的历史影响时,或许该借用地理学家约翰·卡梅伦的比喻:“新加坡就像被嫁接的果树,英国的砧木支撑着东方的枝条,结出的果实既非纯粹的热带风味,也不是完全的欧洲品种。”直辖殖民地时期确立的法治传统、自由贸易政策、多元文化共存框架,为现代新加坡的诞生埋下了基因;但殖民统治遗留的族群隔阂、经济依附性、以及将民众视为“治理对象而非权利主体”的思维,也需要李光耀那一代建国者用数十年时间来消化和改造。历史的回响穿越158年光阴,1867年4月1日的新加坡直辖殖民地化,既是帝国扩张的逻辑必然,也是本土社会嬗变的转折起点。它提醒我们:当一个地理枢纽被卷入全球体系时,行政文件上的印章会像潮汐般重塑无数人的命运;而那些码头苦力的汗珠、商会账簿的墨迹、法庭辩论的速记稿,最终都将汇成推动文明进程的暗流。感谢收听今天的《历史的混响》,我是夕洋洋。明天同一时间,让我们继续聆听时光长河中的下一个瞬间。晚安。
2025-03-31
13 min
ADDITIONAL HISTORY: Headlines You Probably Missed
March 30, 1867
March 30th, 1867 was a really big day for the United States of America. Literally. It was the day we purchased what is now known as the state of Alaska from Russia. How did it all go down, and what else was being reported in newspapers on that day? SOURCES “Advertisement: Batchelor’s Hair Dye (Page 3).” Daily Arkansas Gazette (Little Rock, Arkansas), March 30, 1867. www.newspapers.com. “Another Fatal Shooting Affray.” The Daily Montana Post (Helena, Montana), February 2, 1867. www.newspapers.com. “Bloody Altercation Between Prominent Citizen of Montana Territory - One of Them Kill...
2024-11-25
35 min
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 38 - NHL Season Preview & TSN's Salim Valji
It's hockey season! We break down what to watch for each of the Canadian clubs before they take the ice, injuries to some Canadian basketball stars, and then are joined by special guest Salim Valji from TSN Calgary.
2024-10-09
1h 23
My Blog » kuni19
^Download or Read epub Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867: Series 3, Volume 2: Land and Labor, 1866-1867 (Freedom: a Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867, 3) written By Rene Hayden on Mac
Link To Download : https://ceo.gogolibraryebook.com/?book=1469607425 To Read or Download Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867: Series 3, Volume 2: Land and Labor, 1866-1867 (Freedom: a Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867, 3) by Rene Hayden Available versions: EPUB, PDF, MOBI, DOC, Kindle, Audiobook, etc. Reading Freedom: A Documentary History of Emancipation, 1861-1867: Series 3, Volume 2: […]
2024-10-04
00 min
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 37 - Laine's Injury, Indiana's Canadian QB1, and Marc-Andre Fleury's Swan Song
The boys are back to break down another wild week of sports action, including the Montreal vs. Toronto dust up and subsequent fall out, another strong Rourke showing south of the border, and more.
2024-10-02
55 min
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 36 - Carter's Jersey Retirement, A new arena in Ottawa, & Patrik Laine's Montreal Debut
The boys are back after a 1 week hiatus to break down the latest developments in the world of Canadian sports. Everything from Vince Carter's jersey retirement by the Raptors, to Patrik Laine's Montreal Canadiens debut, and more.
2024-09-25
1h 20
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 35 - PWHL Logos, Murray Gets Paid & Top Headlines From The Week That Was
It's a rapid fire episode of topics that made news around the sports world over the last 7 days, including Jamal Murray's new contract, PWHL logo & name reveal, and much more.
2024-09-11
1h 01
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 34 - Gaudreau News, Vladdy's Next Deal & "Mr. Labour Day"
The boys react to news of the Gaudreau brothers' passing, attempt to predict what Vladdy Jr.'s next contract will look like, and run through sports icons synonymous with a certain time of the year.
2024-09-04
57 min
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 33 - Canadian NFL Cuts, Danny Jansen & Paralympics
It was "Black Tuesday" in the NFL as several high profile Canadian players were released by their teams. Then the boys talk Danny Jansen's historic day, Presidents Cup in Montreal, Canadian tennis struggles & the Paralympics kicking off.
2024-08-28
1h 10
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 32 - TSN's Dave Naylor On The CFL & Edmonton's Offer Sheet Woes
TSN's Dave Naylor stops by the podcast to talk all things CFL following a wild week of headlines across the league. Then the boys break down the latest from the Edmonton Oilers offer sheet situation with the St. Louis Blues.
2024-08-21
1h 07
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 31 - Olympic Basketball Breakdown & CFL Midseason Power Rankings
The boys break down a disappointing Olympic basketball performance, Tre Ford's breakout performance, the latest on Nathan Rourke in Atlanta, and then power rank the CFL teams heading into the midseason mark.
2024-08-07
1h 06
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 30 - Olympics, Drone Gate, Tre Ford, Stan Bowman & MLB Trade Deadline
An absolutely JAM packed episode of sports talk as the boys break down the Olympics, a busy MLB trade deadline north of the border, the Oilers controversial hiring of Stan Bowman and more.
2024-07-31
1h 13
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 29 - Sudbury Wolves Legend Ken MacKenzie
The boys are joined by a Sudbury Wolves legend in Ken MacKenzie, who has spent parts of 3 decades with the club as a coach, assistant, general manager, and front office executive to talk about the OHL experience, Team Canada World Junior selection process, famous Wolves alums and more. Then it's Ottawa vs. Sudbury as the Kyles pit an "all-time" 67's roster head to head with a Wolves list of greats.
2024-07-24
1h 08
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 28 - Copa Chaos, Chris Jones Gets Canned, Teoscar Wins The Derby & 2024 Paris Olympics
Big Kyle may be under the weather, but at least the boys are more organized than the Copa America event committee this week. The boys break down the chaotic scenes in Miami, Chris Jones' firing in Edmonton, Teoscar's Home Run Derby dominance, and run through potential flag bearers for Team Canada this summer.
2024-07-17
1h 01
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 27 - COPA America, Olympic Basketball, and George Springer is alive!
The boys are back breaking down another week on the Canadian sporting landscape including the CANMNT run to the COPA America semi-finals, Canada's group of death pool at the Olympics, the Raptors free spending ways, George Springer's resurgence and the greatest Canadian athletes who never won "the big one".
2024-07-10
1h 01
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 26 - State of Canadian football, Men's & Women's soccer, NHL Free agency & NBA Draft
It's a Front Office Podcast reunion as co-hosts Kevin & Jet swing by to talk all things Canadian football. Then the boys break down the men's & women's senior soccer teams, NHL free agency frenzy, and the NBA Draft.
2024-07-03
1h 30
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 25 - Ullmark to Ottawa, HHOF Inductees, and Will The Jays Trade Guerrero?
The Oilers magic run to Game 7 of the Stanley Cup Finals is over, Ottawa gets their goalie, HHOF announces the class of 2024, Orelvis Martinez is suspended, and will the Jays traded Vladdy Jr.?
2024-06-26
1h 14
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 24 - Chuba vs. Chase, Canadian Combat Sports Scene & 1994 Montreal Expos
The boys debate who has the better outlook for 2024 in the NFL between Chuba Hubbard and Chase Brown, discuss the current state of the Canadian combat sports scene, and then relive the 30th anniversary of the 1994 Montreal Expos season that wasn't.
2024-06-19
1h 03
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 23 - Summer Olympics, CFL Broadcasting Breakthrough & Father's Day Special
The boys break down the Canadian golf hopefuls for the Paris Olympics, CFL's new broadcasting deal, Taulia Tagovailoa signs in Hamilton, and Father's Day story time.
2024-06-12
1h 10
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 22 - Oilers Advance, Cup Runs, RBC Canadian Open & CFL Kick Off
The boys are back to break down the Oilers vs. Panthers Stanley Cup Final, relive the closest Canadian Stanley Cup runs over the last 30 years, the RBC Canadian Open, and CFL kickoff week.
2024-06-05
55 min
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 21 - Nathan Rourke's Future, CFL Preview & NSL Launch
The 2024 CFL season is just around the corner. The boys break down storylines to watch, Nathan Rourke's future, the Oilers collapse, and the launch of the NSL.
2024-05-29
1h 04
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 20 - Oilers Advance, Memorial Cup Kicks Off, Olympic Basketball Preview & Shaking Up The Jays
The boys break down the Vancouver vs. Edmonton series, talk all things Memorial Cup, preview who could be on Canada's Olympic basketball roster, and throw out hypothetical moves to shake up the Blue Jays season.
2024-05-22
1h 20
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 19 - Is Bronny a legit prospect? WNBA Toronto, and Dave Smart Strikes Again!
The boys break down a wild week of headlines including the Raptors rough night at the NBA Draft Lottery, whether Bronny James is a legitimate NBA prospect or not, Dave Smart's first big transfer recruit, and more.
2024-05-15
1h 09
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 18 - PWHL Playoffs With Chris Sinclair, Canucks vs. Oilers, Chad Kelly Suspension & Travis Green Hiring
The boys are joined by Chris Sinclair from The Hockey News to break down year 1 of the PWHL regular season, predict some award winners and break down the playoffs. Then they dissect the Chad Kelly suspension in the CFL, Canucks vs. Oilers, and the Travis Green hiring in Ottawa.
2024-05-08
1h 26
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 17 - 3x Grey Cup Champion Andrew Jones
The boys sit down with 10 year CFL veteran offensive lineman, and 3x Grey Cup champion Andrew Jones to talk all things CFL Draft, training camp stories, favourite playing day memories and more.
2024-05-01
1h 06
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 16 - NHL Playoffs, Blue Jays, NFL Draft, and CFL Injuries
The boys discuss the key players who need to step up for each Canadian team if they want to go on a deep playoff push, the Blue Jays uneven start to the season, interesting names to watch for with Canadian ties at the NFL Draft, and injuries in the nation's capital for the REDBLACKS.
2024-04-24
1h 29
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 15 - TSN's Michaela Schreiter on WNBA Draft, USA vs. CAN, PWHL & More
TSN's Michaela Schreiter joins the show to break down the wild 6-5 OT gold medal game at the World Championships, the WNBA draft, and the PWHL homestretch.
2024-04-17
1h 01
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 14 - Canadians at the Masters, Landon DuPont, Chris Van Zeyl Retirement & Obscure Sports Olympics
It's Masters week, and Canada will be well represented with 4 golfers at Augusta this year. The boys then break down Landon DuPont becoming the 9th player ever granted exceptional player status in the CHL, Chris Van Zeyl's retirement from the CFL, and Les Supremes three peat which then sparks the talk of the obscure sports Olympics.
2024-04-10
1h 09
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 13 - Humboldt Update, Edey & Edwards, Growlers Saga & Mt. Rushmore of Canadian Wrestlers
The boys are back to break down another busy week across the Canadian sports landscape. Zach Edey & Aaliyah Edwards are still dancing, Dave Smart has a new coaching job, the Newfoundland Growlers sent shockwaves throughout the ECHL, and a who's who of Canadian wrestling royalty gets discussed ahead of Wrestlemania.
2024-04-03
1h 18
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 12 - The Jontay Porter Investigation, March Madness, and the Zach Hyman Saga
The boys break down another wild week of headlines across the Canadian sporting landscape including the NBA's investigation into Raptors' centre Jontay Porter over gambling irregularities, Canadians still dancing at March Madness, Josh Doan's debut, and the Zach Hyman firestorm raging online.
2024-03-27
1h 02
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 11 - Elks ownership, Tre Ford, Gallimore's new deal & Crosby's Conundrum
The boys break down the ongoing Edmonton Elks ownership saga, and their current QB controversy. Then they analyze Neville Gallimore's new contract with the Miami Dolphins. And finally they take a look at how Sidney Crosby and the Pittsburgh Penguins move forward from here.
2024-03-20
1h 02
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 10 - NHL Trade Deadline grades, and CFL Combine stories
The boys hand out letter grades for all 7 Canadian NHL franchises following the passing of the 2023-24 trade deadline. Then Kirkwood breaks down what the CFL Combine process is really like for athletes going through it.
2024-03-13
1h 09
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 9 - Barnes' Injury, WNBA to Toronto, Votto's 2024 outlook & Canadians at the NFL Combine
With Scottie Barnes presumably out for the year, the boys break down the state of the Raptors, whether court storming should be banned, WNBA back on the table for Toronto, Joey Votto & Josh Donaldson's futures, and how Canadians fared at the NFL Combine.
2024-03-06
1h 04
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 8 - Vince Carter, Blue Jays, Jets Attendance Issues & CEBL Commissioner Mike Morreale
The boys break down Vince Carter's HOF chances, the Blue Jays spring training, Winnipeg's attendance issues, and then are joined by CEBL Commissioner Mike Morreale to preview the 2024 season.
2024-02-28
1h 32
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 7 - State of the Senators with Steve Warne, PWHL, and Kirkwood goes Hollywood
Former TSN personality, and host of the Sens Nation podcast Steve Warne joins the show to talk all things Ottawa Senators. From differences between DJ & Martin's systems, to worrisome contracts, trade deadline targets and more, the boys break down everything Sens related, and dabble in some PWHL talk as well. Then Kyle Kirkwood shares details about his top secret project he's been working on.
2024-02-21
1h 08
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 6 - Rielly Suspended, Taylor's PGA Win, Olympic Basketball & CFL Free Agency
Following an action packed weekend in sports, the boys break down some of the biggest headlines and stories from around the Great White North.
2024-02-14
1h 16
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 5 - NHL All-Star Game, back to the Olympics, & Alphonso Injury
To say the boys had some thoughts on the NHL All-Star game is putting it mildly, plus they project potential 2026 Team Canada Olympic hockey rosters, and more.
2024-02-07
1h 12
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 4 - Oilers Win Streak, WJC Scandal Details Emerge & Henry Burris Interview
The boys welcome multiple time Grey Cup champion, and class of 2020 CFL Hall of Fame QB Henry Burris to the show.
2024-01-31
1h 14
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 3 - UFC 297, Jays, Raptors, Leafs & More
The boys breakdown a busy week of sports in Toronto. From PPV cards, to signings, trades and upset fans, there was no shortage of storylines from "The 6" this weekend.
2024-01-24
1h 18
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 2 - Pascal Watch
The boys are back for another episode breaking down all the latest and greatest developments across the Canadian sporting landscape. They break down the latest Pascal Siakam trade rumours, the Jets & Canucks strong first halves, CFL QB carousel, and Catherine Raiche's rise through the NFL ranks.
2024-01-17
1h 10
1867 Sports Show
1867 Sports Show Ep. 1 - The Maiden Voyage
Hosts Kyle Kirkwood & Kyle Skinner break down the year that was 2023, and cue up the storylines to watch in Canadian sports in the inaugural episode of the show.
2024-01-11
1h 37
Get Your Favorite Digital Audiobooks Instantly Online
[Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 [Written by Carlos Tello Díaz]
Please visit https://thebookvoice.com/podcasts/1/audiobook/717390 to listen full audiobooks. Title: [Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 Author: Carlos Tello Díaz Narrator: Miguel ángel álvarez Format: Unabridged Audiobook Length: 22 hours 32 minutes Release date: October 19, 2023 Ratings: Ratings of Book: 5 of Total 1 Genres: Law & Politics Publisher's Summary: Uno de los personajes más fascinantes en la historia de México. Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo es la biografía definitiva sobre esta figura indiscutible de nuestra historia. Sin redimir ni satanizar...
2023-10-19
10h 32
Access Full Audiobook Collection in High Quality
[Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 - Carlos Tello Díaz
Please visit https://thebookvoice.com/podcasts/1/audiobook/717390 to listen full audiobooks. Title: [Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 Author: Carlos Tello Díaz Narrator: Miguel ángel álvarez Format: Unabridged Audiobook Length: 22 hours 32 minutes Release date: October 19, 2023 Ratings: Ratings of Book: 5 of Total 1 Genres: History & Culture Publisher's Summary: Uno de los personajes más fascinantes en la historia de México. Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo es la biografía definitiva sobre esta figura indiscutible de nuestra historia. Sin redimir ni satanizar...
2023-10-19
10h 32
Discover Top-Rated Audiobook Titles in High Quality
Carlos Tello Díaz's [Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884
Please visit https://thebookvoice.com/podcasts/1/audiobook/717390 to listen full audiobooks. Title: [Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 Author: Carlos Tello Díaz Narrator: Miguel ángel álvarez Format: Unabridged Audiobook Length: 22 hours 32 minutes Release date: October 19, 2023 Ratings: Ratings of Book: 5 of Total 1 Genres: The Americas Publisher's Summary: Uno de los personajes más fascinantes en la historia de México. Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo es la biografía definitiva sobre esta figura indiscutible de nuestra historia. Sin redimir ni satanizar...
2023-10-19
10h 32
New Full Audiobooks in Biography & Memoir, History & Culture
[Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 by Carlos Tello Díaz
Please visit https://thebookvoice.com/podcasts/1/audiobook/717390 to listen full audiobooks. Title: [Spanish] - Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo II: La ambición 1867-1884 Author: Carlos Tello Díaz Narrator: Miguel ángel álvarez Format: Unabridged Audiobook Length: 22 hours 32 minutes Release date: October 19, 2023 Ratings: Ratings of Book: 5 of Total 1 Genres: History & Culture Publisher's Summary: Uno de los personajes más fascinantes en la historia de México. Porfirio Díaz. Su vida y su tiempo es la biografía definitiva sobre esta figura indiscutible de nuestra historia. Sin redimir ni satanizar, este libro es el mayor esfuerzo por contar la...
2023-10-19
05 min
Storiavoce, un podcast d'Histoire & Civilisations
L'exposition universelle de 1867 : l'apogée d'un empire, avec Édouard Vasseur
Faites un don et recevez un cadeau : http://don.storiavoce.com/Le 1er avril 1867, à 14h, l’empereur Napoléon III inaugure, en compagnie de son épouse, l’impératrice Eugénie, l'exposition universelle en préparation depuis quatre ans. Symbole fort de l'apothéose d'un empire. Paris s'est transformé en un gigantesque musée en éloge à la modernité. Il n'y a pas moins de 52 000 exposants ! La commission impériale, constituée par Napoléon III pour la mise en place de cette exposition, est composée des meilleurs acteurs de la vie politique et économique du pays. Mais comment or...
2023-06-22
50 min
Storiavoce, un podcast d'Histoire & Civilisations
L'exposition universelle de 1867 : l'apogée d'un empire, avec Édouard Vasseur
Faites un don et recevez un cadeau : http://don.storiavoce.com/Le 1er avril 1867, à 14h, l’empereur Napoléon III inaugure, en compagnie de son épouse, l’impératrice Eugénie, l'exposition universelle en préparation depuis quatre ans. Symbole fort de l'apothéose d'un empire. Paris s'est transformé en un gigantesque musée en éloge à la modernité. Il n'y a pas moins de 52 000 exposants ! La commission impériale, constituée par Napoléon III pour la mise en place de cette exposition, est composée des meilleurs acteurs de la vie politique et économique du pays. Mais comment or...
2023-06-22
50 min
清净之莲
1867.1867 异人1(奇人异事)
1867.1867 异人1(奇人异事)
2023-04-17
05 min
1867 & All That
S2 Interview 3 Anne McDonald on a Lady’s Diary of Confederation
This week Anne McDonald joins the pod to talk about her book Miss Confederation: The Diary of Mercy Anne Coles. The diary is one of the very few documents written by a woman to talk about the events of Confederation - in this case the Quebec Conference of 1864 and the weeks after. It gives us John A and Leonard Tilley as widowers on the make, along with plenty more intriguing details. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can be...
2023-03-20
40 min
1867 & All That
S2 Interview 2 David Wilson on the assassination of D’Arcy McGee
Late in the night on an Ottawa street someone snuck up behind Thomas D'Arcy McGee and shot him dead. We're back with David Wilson this week to talk about McGee and his assassination. There's really no one better to talk to than Wilson, the author of an award-winning two volume biography of McGee. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That online in perpetuity. It's kind...
2023-02-17
1h 03
1867 & All That
S2 Interview1 David Wilson on the Fenians
This week we kick off our bonus interview episodes by welcoming University of Toronto professor David Wilson to talk about everyone's favourite Irish revolutionaries (who also happened to profoundly shape Canadian history) the Fenians. Wilson's new book Canadian Spy Story: Irish Revolutionaries and the Secret Police is a dual history of the Fenians and also very much about the rise of Canada's first secret police to infiltrate Fenian networks in the 1860s. It's a magnificent feat of academic research and Hollywood-esque story-telling. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please hea...
2022-12-27
54 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 24 What Does it all Mean?
The final episode of Season 2 answers all the big questions about Confederation: What just happened? Why? And - my favourite - so what? We rehash the the main events, talk way too much about federalism (sorry), and look ahead to the Canadian empire building that we will cover in Season Three. And yes there will be a Season 3 in case you were wondering. What's more, I even throw in a hint that you might not have to wait until next season to get more 'all that' from 1867 & All That. Yes, bonus episodes are in the works! If...
2022-12-09
41 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 23 The Kingdom of Canada
It's time to get Confederation done - but only after completing our trilogy of constitutional conferences, this one in London just before Christmas of 1866. The Canadians make the Maritimers wait for four months before they finally arrived across the ocean - having been busy fighting about (what else?) religion and schools. But don't worry: the "Fathers of Confederation" finally complete the deal to officially create the Kingdom of Canada (well, no, the Brits turned down that name, but they did find an alternate that worked just about as well). There's also a fire and a romantic story, not to...
2022-11-16
33 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 22 A Common Enemy
The Fenians are back at it this week - threatening to raid New Brunswick and then (for real) attacking along the Niagara frontier. Arthur Gordon of New Brunswick steps up and makes things happen, obliterating the niceties of responsible government along the way. And the two maritime colonies of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia agree that perhaps there ought to be - wait for it! - yet another conference to talk about this whole Confederation business. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, f...
2022-11-01
28 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 21 The Fenians Are Coming
The radical Irish republicans are coming and they're going to scare British North Americans into a confederation. This week we learn all about Irish secret societies and their plans to invade Canada. We also catch up with the crumbling government of New Brunswick that, even though it was only recently elected, is determined to fall apart and hand the colony back into the hands of those who supported Confederation. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a r...
2022-10-19
29 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 20 The Case for Canada
We time travel back one month earlier to February 1865 when everyone in Canada wanted to give a speech. And so they did. Canadians debated Confederation and we have the highlights. Then we turn east as the gloomy news for confederation supporters turns even gloomier. PEI doesn't like the scheme and Nova Scotia is running scared. But at least the Americans have stopped fighting each other. That was probably good news - unless, that is, it meant they were free to turn their attentions northward... If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please...
2022-09-16
30 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 19 It All Falls Apart
Early 1865 is a bad time for supporters of Confederation in British North America. Joseph Howe is back - and he is penning scathing attacks on the Confederation scheme that derail the Quebec Resolutions in Nova Scotia. The situation in PEI isn't much better. And in New Brunswick, Albert James Smith takes down the Tilley government. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That online in perpetuity. It's kin...
2022-08-16
23 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 18 The St. Alban’s Raid
This week we catch up on the activities of a posse of Confederate soldiers who decide that the best way to fight their war with the American Union is to take over a town in Vermont - just long enough to rob all the banks anyway. But when they flee to Canada, things get interesting, especially for the Canadians. We also see this week just what the public thought of the Confederation scheme. The result? Not so much glee as a mixed bag of opinions with plenty of criticism. And then things get really interesting when a Lower Canadian...
2022-07-31
28 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 17 The Quebec Conference
We are heading to Quebec this week to drink more champagne, dance the night away, and spend hour after hour in conference meetings. There will be plenty of debate over pragmatic issues like the composition of the Senate and the House of Commons. But there will also be a lot of shared assumptions, little-debated and cherished all the more for it, about the desire to stay British even as the delegates created a new nation. Oh, and not to be American too! If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on...
2022-07-18
37 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 16 Charlottetown Here We Come
We're off on board the Canadian steamer Queen Victoria this week as the Canadians crash the Maritime Union party at Charlottetown. We'll drink a fair bit of champagne, eat more than our share of oysters, and watch as the British North Americans decide that political matrimony might not be such a bad thing after all. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That online in perpetuity. It's kind...
2022-07-04
28 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 15 The Maritime Prelude
Southern Confederate pirates bring the American civil war into Nova Scotian waters and we meet the pugnacious Charles Tupper who isn't afraid to use British cannons to fend off the threat. We are also introduced to an overly ambitious British Governor who historians love to chuckle over, and Sandford Fleming - the famous surveyor who comes east on his snowshoes with a message of goodwill and railway hope. Then we tag along on the rum-soaked 'Big Intercolonial Drink' - the warmup party to the Charlottetown conference, where D'Arcy McGee decides that what everyone needs is one big game of l...
2022-06-21
27 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 14 - The Confusing Case of New Brunswick
This week we begin in utter confusion - trying to figure out just exactly when New Brunswick achieved responsible government. There is, though, more familiar territory - about imperial economic preferences - and the seemingly always present scenarios of religious violence between Protestants and Catholics. Finally we meet Leonard Tilley, the most important and interesting political figure you might not have heard about. By the end of the episode, we're about ready to join back up with the Canadians again to pick up the story of the march towards British North American union. If you like what...
2022-06-05
27 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 13 - An Island With a Lottery Problem
A London lottery creates more than 100 years of grumbling conflict on Prince Edward Island. We meet William Cooper who comes up with a too clever-by-half scheme to scoop the landlords from their properties. Then it's on to George Coles and responsible government. And finally we have a dash of Protestant-Catholic identity politics - because what episode would be complete without that savoury spice? If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts...
2022-05-29
26 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 12 - Newfoundland at Last
We're in Newfoundland this week so we are of course talking cod - and seals. But we also have a violent election in 1861 that involved an interfering Catholic Bishop, a British Governor behaving improperly, and troops firing on riotous crowds. Then there is a fight over something called The French Shore. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That online in perpetuity. It's kind of like making his...
2022-05-16
24 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 11 - George Brown Falls in Love
George Brown takes a British holiday and falls in love. He comes back a changed man - sort of. In Canada, it's another round of wack-a-mole and governments are the mole. Sandfield Macdonald loses power only to get it back, only to lose it again, only to have Macdonald and Brown come into power and lose it themselves within two months. It's at that moment that the newlywed George Brown steps forward to say: 'Hold my beer'. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page...
2022-05-10
27 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 10 - Macdonald vs Macdonald
A drunken John A Macdonald and his government collapse over their plan to bolster Canadian defence in the midst of the American civil war. Then another John Macdonald - John Sandfield Macdonald - creates a government built on the idea of the Double Majority. We have another religiously divisive murder - this one over runaway chickens no less - and then a fight about the creation of publicly funded Catholic schools. At the end, another government falls because... why wouldn't it?! If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over...
2022-05-01
31 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 9 - War in America
The Americans decide to fight a civil war over slavery and Britain and British North America discover that this is going to shape their future too. For instance, what happens when an American naval captain decides to board the British ship Trent and take two Confederate diplomats hostage? Did this mean war? We have all of this plus more, including Rep by Pop updates, a controversial census, and George Brown losing an election and deciding to take a vacation (which is more important than it might first seem). If you like what you're hearing and want to s...
2022-04-26
34 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 8 - This Prince Ain’t For Walkin
Queen Victoria sends her teenage son (and aristocratic chaperone, the Duke of Newcastle) on a North American tour and the Canadians get a little over-excited. The Prince lands (and sometimes doesn't land) amidst the religious rivalries and the complications created by the exuberant supporters of the Orange Order. But first, we review where we are so far in the history of the Canadas at the end of the 1850s, as a sort of preamble to our push towards confederation. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over t...
2022-04-18
29 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 6 - Thomas D’Arcy McGee’s Rather Eventful St. Patrick’s Day
John A Macdonald asks the Queen a favour. Thomas D'Arcy McGee arrives in the country, wonders which gang he should join, and then almost becomes a martyr at an absolutely historic St. Patrick's Day party. Oh, and Ottawa becomes the capital. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That online in perpetuity. It's kind of like making history. https://www.patreon.com/1867andAllThat
2022-03-28
30 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 5 - The Murder of Robert Corrigan
This week it's murder, mayhem, and controversy in the fallout from the murder of Robert Corrigan, an Irish Protestant tough guy who met a dark and painful end. Everyone is convinced that there is no justice for their own side. And then, almost randomly, the government sort of falls, only to be resurrected with a new and familiar face. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That on...
2022-03-21
25 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 4 - Stoop To Conquer
The ornery and handsome George Brown is joined today by his nemesis - and later frenemy - John A Macdonald. The new Tory government gets things done and then goes and upsets Upper Canada by talking about Catholic schools. There's a massive railway fountain and a setup for the murder and mayhem that's coming next week. I'm giving a lecture to the Churchill Society for the Advancement of Parliamentary Democracy on Tuesday 17 March at 7PM EDT. The talk is titled "What's So Evil About the Notwithstanding Clause?" If this is at all enticing, you can r...
2022-03-14
28 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 2 - The Reform Bromance Breaks Up
This week we revisit some old friends - William Lyon Mackenzie, Robert Baldwin, and Louis Lafontaine - and meet a new one - William McDougall. We learn that taking away a Chancery from Baldwin is one court too far, and we also get the first taste of our Clear Grits. If that doesn't mean anything to you yet, don't worry. It will soon. And don't forget the ex-priest Gavazzi who is in Montreal to raise a ruckus. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page...
2022-02-28
28 min
1867 & All That
S2 Episode 1 - A Riotous Beginning
We're back with Season Two of 1867 & All That and we're starting (where else?) with yet another riot. This time it's the controversial ex-priest and anti-Catholic Alessandro Gavazzi who seems determined to stir up anger on his trip to Canada. It's a sign that even after the victory of responsible government, not all is well in the Canadas. If you like what you're hearing and want to support the podcast, please head on over to our Patreon page where, for only $5/month, you can become a real-life patron of the arts - and keep 1867 & All That onlin...
2022-02-21
09 min
Travels Through Time
Edward Shawcross: The Last Emperor of Mexico (1867)
Today we’re off to the nineteenth century to examine an event that Karl Marx called ‘One of the most monstrous enterprises in the annals of international history.’ Edward Shawcross takes us back to meet Maximilian, the Last Emperor of Mexico. * The 1860s were a decisive decade in the emergence of the modern world. As Britain’s empire expanded, and the United States emerged entire from a debilitating Civil War, an audacious French scheme to place an Austrian archduke on an invented throne in Mexico played tragically out. One of the chief ar...
2022-01-18
1h 03
The Jarvis Podcast
渋沢栄一 Shibusawa Eiichi In Paris at the 1867 Word Expo, JinJapan 20211107
渋沢栄一 Shibusawa Eiichi In Paris at the 1867 Word Expo, JinJapan 20211107 渋沢栄一 Shibusawa Eiichi, in 1867 Travel to Paris to participate in the world Expo as a representative of the Tokugawa government.This Expo for Japan was not free of drama but was a period of enlightenment of Shibusawa where he learned lots of interesting things that he brought back to Japan to support Japanese industrializationFor more on Japan history, travel and more subscribe to the JinJapan podcast and or check out the website:JarvisJapan.comSpotify https://open.spotify.com/show/6...
2021-11-07
13 min
搞什麼歷史? 看什麼電影!
【梗你評影集】《斯卡羅》Seqalu: Formosa 1867 | 是台灣價值!我看了台灣價值啊! | 評論變吐槽大會? || PODCAST XXY feat 金老ㄕ + 馬雅國駐臺辦事處 馬雅人
【梗你評影集】《斯卡羅》Seqalu: Formosa 1867 | 是台灣價值!我看了台灣價值啊! | 評論變吐槽大會? || PODCAST XXY feat 金老ㄕ + @馬雅國駐臺辦事處 【梗你評影集】《斯卡羅》Seqalu: Formosa 1867 是台灣價值!我看了台灣價值啊! PODCAST XXY feat 金老ㄕ + 馬雅人 . ▶ 收看YouTube影像:https://youtu.be/uJuKEmNEM1I ▶ 收聽PODCAST聲音:https://open.firstory.me/story/ckugnil9qjxr009343a729sew/platforms . 歡迎收看/收聽【梗你評影集】單元,我們每個禮拜透過討論的方式來解析、評論電影的優缺點,讓你看電影更有梗! 這次【梗你評影集】要來評的是《斯卡羅》,也很開心邀請到 金老ㄕ 和 馬雅人 兩位歷史專家一起來聊聊這齣影集:《斯卡羅》改編自歷史小說《傀儡花》,描述1867年美國商船羅妹號在臺灣南部恆春半島海域觸礁擱淺,船上13人上岸後被原住民殺害,是為「羅妹號事件」。故事從該事件出發,並聚焦在斯卡羅原住民、美國駐廈門領事李仙得、通譯蝶妹、英國人必麒麟、清廷的臺灣總兵劉明燈等視角,重新建構起這段影響臺灣近代史的重要事件。 . 《斯卡羅》的製作可回朔至2017年9月,公視將以大河劇形式製作12集的電視影集,在前瞻基礎建設計畫的補助下,以每集約新台幣1550萬,總預算1.55億的製作規模,改編《魁儡花》小說,是公共電視採購案史上罕見的高額製作。 . 影集由曾執導《孽子》《一把青》電視劇的導演 曹瑞原執導;他身受《魁儡花》小說中的蝶妹故事影響,接下這個影集製作的重責大任,在2018年3月召開籌拍記者會,於2019年3月12日,也就是羅妹號事件152週年開拍,訂於2020年播出。有鑑於《魁儡花》是早期臺灣客家人對原住民的歧視性稱呼,因此經由網路票選,將具名更改為《斯卡羅》,已確立本劇尊重原住民的主體性。 . 為了忠實呈現歷史,《斯卡羅》劇組不惜增加經費至屏東實地取景,也將台南鹽水區岸內糖廠改建成影視園區,以還原當年的臺灣府城和漢人聚落。劇組光是在搭景上就耗費了總預算的三分之一,影視園區的場景還特地尋求成功大學建築系的專業協助。 . 《斯卡羅》在2020年1月正式殺青,但因疫情緣故延至2021年才正式發行。影集在中秋連假於公視首播,創下2.52%收視率,創下公視開台21年來最高的收視紀錄。雖然六週播映期間造成不小的網路討論聲量,但片中不少劇情改編也引發熱議。原著小說作者陳耀昌在臉書上表示,這齣影集雖然有不少需要改進之處,但很高興年輕一帶能夠更進一步去深入探討台灣的歷史。 . 不論你是否看完《斯卡羅》,又或者是看完這部電影後是喜歡還是不喜歡。 都歡迎留言分享與我們討論唷! . #電影 #影評 #斯卡羅 #Seqalu #曹瑞原 #吳慷仁 #温貞菱 #法比歐 #周厚安 #黃健瑋 #羅妹號事件 #南岬之盟 #李仙得 #卓杞篤 ************** 歡迎加入【有梗電影俱樂部】,不錯過任何電影資訊或線上線下活動喔! 臉書社團(需回答問題審核):https://www.facebook.com/groups/viewpointmovieclub Telegram群組:https://t.me/viewpointmovieclub2 別忘了追蹤XXY的電影相關文字、影像、聲音創作唷! 📣 https://linktr.ee/XXY_filmcrtics 本頻道為提供觀眾們更好的觀看環境,並無開啟廣告營利 想要贊助我們持續創作,可透過以下管道直接贊助: 📣 XXY @方格子:https://vocus.cc/user/@XXY2018 📣 XXY @Firstory:https://open.firstory.me/user/xxymovie Powered by Firstory Hosting
2021-10-11
2h 40
Historia.nu med Urban Lindstedt
Sveriges sista svältkatastrof åren 1867-69 (nymixad repris)
Det är bara 150 år sedan Sverige drabbades av landets sista svältkatastrof. Efter en ovanligt kall vår och sommar 1867 låg snön kvar vid midsommar på många håll i Norrland. Nästa år blev det torka i södra Sverige. Resultat blev missväxt och svält som kulminerade våren 1869.En rad meteorologiska fenomen i en olycklig samverkan gjorde våren och sommaren 1867 mycket kalla. I Stockholm var medeltemperaturen i maj 3,3 grader — sju grader kallare än normalt. I Norrbottens kustland låg temperaturen i maj kring nollstrecket. Och frosten slog till redan i juli och för...
2021-07-03
45 min
Days of Horror
The Accrington Fire of 1867
When scrolling through endless newspapers and online articles dating back to the 1800s, I’m amazed at how many stories I come across on a daily basis where a child has died in an unfortunate accident or has been murdered by either their own parents or by some assailant whom they may never have seen before. And on each occasion, I think of a famous quote made by American playright – Stephen Adly Guirgis; “No parent should have to bury a child … No mother should have to bury a son. Mothers are not meant to bury sons. It is not in the natural...
2021-02-09
15 min
100 Years of Cox
S1E6: Matilda (1827) and Minnie (1867)
Send a textFrances reads two letters from the 1800s, written by women from the Machell Cox family.London in 1827 – by Matilda Machell; she was the grandmother of the ten siblings who wrote the Budget; Matilda was from a wealthy old family - the Machells of Crackenthorpe, in Cumbria - she was in London for the season, with her chaperone and her letter describes life in London and the people she met. And the bridesmaid’s letter, written about Minnie, who was Matilda's daughter. This letter was written by Eve, one of the bride...
2020-07-10
28 min
SCP Archives
SCP-1867: "A Gentleman"
He isn't but a common Sea Slug!SCP-1867 was written by Djoric.Lord Blackwood and the Greate Tarasque Hunt of '83 was written by SmaptiHost & Narrator - Jon Grilz |SCP-1867 - Graham Rowat |Dr. Seven - Russel More |Col. D'Efante - Karim Kronfli |Dr. Thursday - Pacific S. Obadiah |Music - Tom Rory Parsons |Showrunner & Sound Designer - Pacific S. Obadiah |Producer - Tom Owen |Presented by Bloody Disgusting |www.Bloody-Disgusting.com |...
2020-06-16
42 min
1867 & All That
Episode 1 - The Duel
Why did George-Etienne Cartier, one of the Fathers of Confederation, once fight a duel to insist he had once fought against Canada? This question, and a whole lot more, will be answered in the new podcast 1867 & All That. (Full length episodes starting 15 January 2020).
2019-11-26
07 min
Historia.nu med Urban Lindstedt
Sveriges sista svältkatastrof 1867-69
Det är bara 150 år Sverige drabbades av vår sista svältkatastrof. Efter en ovanligt kall vår och sommar 1867 låg snön kvar vid midsommar på många håll i Norrland. Nästa år blev det torka i södra Sverige. Resultat blev missväxt och svält som kulminerade våren 1869.En rad meteorologiska fenomen i en olycklig samverkan gjorde våren och sommaren 1867 mycket kalla. I Stockholm var medeltemperaturen i maj 3,3 grader — sju grader kallare än normalt. I Norrbottens kustland låg temperaturen i maj kring nollstrecket. Och frosten slog till redan i juli och förstörde de magr...
2018-08-15
45 min
Historiepodden
Historiepodden 47: Hur vi hungrar (norrländska hungersnöden 1867)
Titeln på avsnittet är hämtat från en novellsamling av David Eggers, men vad handlar avsnittet om? 1867 försvann vintern sen och anlände igen tidigt, för ett land med en befolkning där fyra femtedelar var bönder blev detta ett dråpslag. Vi pratar om det stora svagåret 1867. Om en tid som känns avlägsen men är nära. Om när Sverige fortfarande var ett U-land. Om dålig administration och synen på människan och arbetet. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
2015-03-15
1h 06
Waking Up Orwell
S.1867, ATS decides if you are on TSA's naughty list while Holiday travelling
Waking Up Orwell's annual visit with Paper's Please's Edward Hasbrouk goes over Pan-American travel, border policy and what you can do about TSA's "naughty" lists this Holiday Season. This includes your travel documents, managing your expectation of a grope-worthy experience on US domestic flights and finding out where all your travel data is lodging this Christmas! Buckle your seatbelts, put away the tray tables and get your sick bags ready - it's going to be a turbulent ride. SOURCES: Why Obama Wants to Veto S.1867http://fellowshipofminds.wordpress.com/2011/12/07/why-obama-wants-to-veto-s-1867/
2011-12-09
1h 16
Vorlesungsverzeichnisse - Open Access LMU - Teil 01/02
Verzeichniss der Vorlesungen an der königlichen Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München im Winter-Semester 1867/68
Verzeichniss der Vorlesungen an der königlichen Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München im Winter-Semester 1867/68. Wintersemester 1867/68. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
1867-10-01
00 min
Vorlesungsverzeichnisse - Open Access LMU - Teil 01/02
Verzeichniss der Vorlesungen an der königlichen Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München im Sommer-Semester 1867
Verzeichniss der Vorlesungen an der königlichen Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München im Sommer-Semester 1867. Sommersemester 1867. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
1867-05-01
00 min