Shows
Lethal DoseEpisode 68: Gluten ft. Izzy BeutelIn this episode, Izzy Beutel tells Kayla and Venus how she learned she has celiac disease, what it is, and why gluten is a poison for some - including prisoners Jennifer Harris-Hopkins and Daniel Phoenix - but not for all.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Biesiekierski, J. R., & Iven, J. (2015). Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity: piecing the puzzle together. UEGJ, 3(2), 160-165. Brouns, F. J. P. H., van Buul, V. J., & Shewry, P. R. (2013). Does wheat make us fat and sick? J Cereal Sci, 58, 209-215. Chacon, D. (2023). New Mexico pays $200K to settle wrongful death...2025-05-211h 35Lethal DoseTopical Reapply: Episode 53: Mercury Pt. 2 ThimerosalThis episode was originally released in March 2024, and now has a new intro to discuss Mark Geier, current HHS appointee to investigate vaccines and autism.Following the events in Minamata, Japan, mercury came under intense scrutiny by researchers, physicians, and parents alike. One kind of mercury is not like another, but what does that mean when there's mercury in vaccines?---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod2025-05-071h 18Lethal DoseEpisode 67: Love Canal Pt. 2: Ask Those Who Really KnowIn this conclusion to our series on Love Canal, we discuss what it took to finally evacuate the residents and establish the EPA's Superfund program. Unfortunately, things don't look all that different nowadays.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Beverly Joyce Paigen, Ph.D. (2020). Bangor Daily News. Retrieved 05 Apr 2025 from https://obituaries.bangordailynews.com/obituary/beverly-paigen-ph-d-1079448505California Gulch. EPA. Retrieved 13 Apr 2025 from https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.Cleanup&id=0801478#bkgroundChemical Sales co. EPA. Retrieved...2025-04-301h 13Lethal DoseEpisode 66: Love Canal Pt. 1 Useless Housewife DataKayla and Venus talk about the origins of the Love Canal tragedy and the efforts of the residents to receive help from government officials and the EPA while being dismissed and ridiculed at every step.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Chlorodiphenyl. (2014). CDC. Retrieved 19 Mar 2025 from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/53469219.htmlEphron, J. (2024). Poisoned Ground: The Tragedy at Love Canal PBS. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gR4YBDzPzd0Farrah, R. (1992). The Guardian: Origins of the EPA. EPA Historical Publication, 1. https://web.archive.o...2025-04-091h 04Lethal DoseEpisode 65: Lethal InjectionIn this episode, Kayla and Venus discuss the grim reality of lethal injection, a widely used form of capital punishment in the United States.--- Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Full citations available at Kayla's blog: writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com2025-03-191h 01Lethal DoseEpisode 64: Mercury Pt. 3 Skin Lightening CreamsKayla and Venus discuss the toxicity of mercury-containing skin lighteners and white supremacy.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---FDA list of dangerous skin products:https://www.fda.gov/consumers/health-fraud-scams/skin-products-containing-mercury-andor-hydroquinoneMinnesota Department of Health information sheets:https://www.health.state.mn.us/communities/environment/skin/docs/testedprds.pdfFull citations available at Kayla's blog: writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com2025-02-2645 minLethal DoseEpisode 63: ParathionThis episode covers the tragic story of James Joseph Richardson who was wrongfully imprisoned for the 1967 poisoning deaths of his seven children in Arcadia, Florida with the insecticide parathion.
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Brady rule. (2023). Legal Information Institute. Retrieved 02 Jan 2025 from https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/brady_rule
Connick v. Thompson, 563 U.S. 51, (2011). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/563/51/
Death Row U.S.A. (2024). https://www.naacpldf.org/wp-content/uploads/DRUSAFall2024.pdf
Ex-wife wants money from man's prison suit. (1990). Tamp...2025-02-051h 17Lethal DoseEpisode 62: The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Pt. 2 Counting LivesIn this episode, Kayla and Venus finish the story of the Chernobyl disaster, starting from the evacuation of Pripyat. They describe the heroic efforts of the liquidators, the ongoing environmental and health repercussions, and the current state of nuclear power across the globe.
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Acute Radiation Syndrome: Information for Clinicians. (2024, 23 Apr 2024). CDC. Retrieved 05 Dec 2024 from https://www.cdc.gov/radiation-emergencies/hcp/clinical-guidance/ars.html
Batchelor, T. (2022). Chernobyl ‘cut off from grid by Russians’, spark...2024-12-181h 32Lethal DoseEpisode 61: The Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster Pt. 1 UngovernableKayla and Venus discuss the catastrophic events surrounding the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in April 1986, from the initial explosion to the harrowing attempts to contain the damage and the eventual evacuation of Pripyat.
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Backgrounder on Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Accident. (2024). United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Retrieved 06 Nov 2024 from https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/doc-collections/fact-sheets/chernobyl-bg.html#accident
Chernobyl: Chapter I. The site and accident sequence. Nuclear Energy Agency. Retrieved 06 Nov 2024 from https://www.oecd...2024-11-201h 18Lethal DoseEpisode 60: OxygenKayla and Venus explore the vital role of oxygen, the benefits and risks of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and the controversial figures who misuse it for profit.
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Acott, C. (1999). A brief history of diving and decompression illness. SPUMS J, 29(2), 98-109.
Barrett, S. (2013). David Steenblock Disciplined Repeatedly by California Osteopathic Medical Board. Quackwatch. Retrieved 06 Oct 2024, from https://quackwatch.org/cases/board/med/steenblock/steenblock4/
Clarke, R. (2024). Nathanial Henshaw: No...2024-10-3043 minLethal DoseEpisode 59: Publication FraudJoin Kayla and Venus as they reintroduce themselves with a focus on academic fraud in scientific publications. This episode dives into the history of peer review, the challenges of publishing legitimate research, and the rise of predatory journals and AI-generated fake papers. ---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Citations available on Kayla's blog at writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com 2024-10-1650 minLethal DoseEpisode 58: Digoxin Pt. 2 The "Foxglove" MurdersIn the 1980s and 1990s, one crime family was responsible for the deaths of multiple elderly people across San Francisco. They befriended them, gained their trust, then poisoned them with a "magic salt" and then took their money, but one tenacious private investigator by the name of Fay "Rat Dog Dick" Faron helped bring their crimes to light.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Citations available on Kayla's blog at writerkaylawoods.wordpress.co2024-10-021h 10Lethal DoseEpisode 57: Fen-PhenIn the 1990s, a new diet drug combination swept the US, promising an easy way to drop weight quickly. Soon thereafter, Redux joined the ranks, but the fatal side effects would soon come to light when thousands were injured with heart disease and neurotoxicity.
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Cohen, E., & McDermott, A. (1998). Who's fat? New definition adopted. CNN. Retrieved 29 Jul 2024, from http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9806/17/weight.guidelines/
Cohen, K. (20...2024-09-181h 12Lethal DoseEpisode 56: E. ColiIn 1992, the northwestern United States was struck by a new human pathogen, which sickened over 700 people and killed four children during an outbreak at Jack in the Box.
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Aftermath of a Miracle. (1998). Marler Clark. Retrieved 16 Jul 2024, from https://marlerclark.com/news_events/aftermath-of-a-miracle
Altman, L. K. (1982). Stomach Illness Termed Rare Type of Dysentery. The New York Times, 9. Retrieved 10 Jul 2024, from https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/09/u...2024-09-041h 20
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 41: Heathers (1988)Dear Diary: My teen angst bullshit nowhas a body count. In this microdose, we cover the poisons of one of our favorite dark teen comedy movies.
Listen to the whole episode over on Patreon at the $2 tier, and watch our next movie with us on Discord by joining the $5 tier.
https://www.patreon.com/lethaldosepod2024-08-1405 min
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 40: Knives Out (2019)A mystery is afoot! We loved watching this movie for summer movie night, but this episode seriously debunks the plot.
Listen to the whole episode over on Patreon at the $2 tier, and watch our next movie with us on Discord by joining the $5 tier.
https://www.patreon.com/lethaldosepod
2024-07-3104 min
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 39: Pulp Fiction (1994)Kayla and Venus discuss the many drugs in the 1994 cult classic, Pulp Fiction, and also talk about why they like (and dislike) the movie.
Listen to the whole episode over on Patreon at the $2 tier, and watch our next movie with us on Discord by joining the $5 tier.
https://www.patreon.com/lethaldosepod2024-06-1906 minLethal DoseEpisode 55: El HamburguesaBetween 1997 and 2007, a Mexican street gang known as "Las Goteras" poisoned and robbed men, killing as many as 70 with simple but deadly eye drops. Much like this isn't the first time we've featured eye drops, Las Goteras were not the only ones using this method.
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Clarkson, W. (2022). El Hamburguesa. In Serial Killers of Mexico. Welbeck.
Contreras-Salinas, H., Orozco-Ceja, V., Romer...2024-05-1544 minLethal DoseEpisode 54: CaffeineCharged Lemonade, Coca-Cola, and caffeinated potato chips - oh my! Caffeine may be everywhere, but that doesn't mean it's not dangerous at the wrong dose (and that's probably lower than you think it is).---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Citations available on Kayla's blog at writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com 2024-04-1053 minLethal DoseEpisode 53: Mercury Pt. 2 ThimerosalFollowing the events in Minamata, Japan, mercury came under intense scrutiny by researchers, physicians, and parents alike. One kind of mercury is not like another, but what does that mean when there's mercury in vaccines?
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Baker, J. P. (2008). Mercury, vaccines, and autism: One controversy, three histories. AJPH, 98(2), 244-253.
Bernhoft, R. A. (2012). Mercury toxicity and treatment: A review of t...2024-03-131h 11Lethal DoseEpisode 52: AnthraxIn 2001, anthrax sent in the US mail as part of two separate biochemical terrorist attacks killed five people and sickened dozens of others. The Amerithrax investigation did not officially end for another nine years and it is unclear if the killer responsible was truly identified.
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Amerithrax Investigative Summary. (2010). www.justice.gov
Retrieved from https://web.archive.or...2024-02-281h 39Lethal DoseEpisode 51: Spanish FlySpanish Fly is a potent poison with purported aphrodisiac effects, and it was used to kill two women in 1954 just because their office manager wanted to have sex with one of them.
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Clip of the Larry King x Bill Cosby interview
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtZwL4c2JYA
Adams, C. A. (1950). Food and Drug Law in the United K...2024-02-1439 min
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 34: Aimo Koivunen's Meth-Fueled Survival StoryThis is the survival story Aimo Koivunen, where snow, meth, and a dash of Finnish spirit make for an arctic adventure that no one expected.
Listen to the whole story and watch the accompanying video only on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/lethaldosepod
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2024-01-1703 minLethal DoseEpisode 50: XylazineLarry McNabney was a Las Vegas lawyer and horse lover who was poisoned with horse tranquilizer by his wife and her best friend in 2001.
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Frith, S. (2002). Lawyer allegedly killed by wife who hid criminal past. Seattle PI. Retrieved 19 Nov 2023, from https://www.seattlepi.com/news/article/lawyer-allegedly-killed-by-wife-who-hid-criminal-1083525.php
Hell in Heels. (2022). K. Schiffman; https://abc.com/sho...2023-12-2046 minLethal DoseEpisode 49: Children's Cold MedicineTwo siblings were found dead in their Colorado home in 2002, but was their death an accident from misreading a cold syrup label, or was it homicide? Mistakes with the toxicology made interpreting the situation much more difficult in this case.---Follow us on social media:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lethaldosepod/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@lethaldosepodYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQd4E_g4mt9G-rg7vT8nwvwTumblr: https://www.tumblr.com/lethaldosepod---Find the citations for this episode at Kayla's Website writerkaylawoods.wordpres2023-12-0641 minLethal DoseEpisode 48: The Manhattan Project Pt. 2 FalloutAfter the Manhattan Project ended, its legacy continued. Plutonium production at the Hanford Nuclear Site increased, as did work at Los Alamos and Oak Ridge, so that more nuclear bombs could be dropped at the Nevada Test Site and on the Marshall Islands in the name of science and "supremacy."
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Biddle, W. (2012...2023-11-221h 22Lethal DoseEpisode 47: The Manhattan Project Pt. 1 Dawn of the Atomic AgeThis story goes beyond the work of Oppenheimer, Groves, and all the other Nobel laureate scientists and uncovers the injuries inflicted upon Americans across the country and hundreds of thousands of Japanese civilians in the 1940s. And it's only the beginning.
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Bernstein, J. (2007). Plutonium. Joseph He...2023-11-081h 36Lethal DoseEpisode 46: DigoxinDigoxin is a heart medication that can be used to save the life of a patient in heart failure. In the hands of the wrong nurse, however, it can be a terrible weapon used to kill dozens of people.
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Chan, B. S. H., & Buckley, N. A...2023-10-251h 35Lethal DoseEpisode 45: PhenazepamIn 2016, a beauty stylist accused a client of attempting to kill her with poisoned cheesecake, but that's just the tip of the iceberg in this story.
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Bill to ban "Zannie" passes. (2012). KSLA News 12. Retrieved 03
Sep 2023, from https://www.ksla.com/story/18578228/bill-to-ban-zannie-passes/
Brooklyn woma...2023-10-1140 minLethal DoseEpisode 44: AconitineThere are only two recorded cases of homicidal poisoning in the UK using aconitine. Venus and Kayla discuss both of them and think about how little has changed in over 100 years.
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Aconite Poisoning. University of Chicago. Retrieved 08 Aug 2023 from https://penelope.uchicago.edu/~...2023-09-2749 minLethal DoseEpisode 43: Mercury Pt. 1 Minamata DiseaseIn the 1950s, the citizens of Minamata, Japan began experiencing strange symptoms from a disease that authorities struggled to identify and the government failed to properly protect them from.
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Find the works cited for this episode on Kayla's blog.2023-09-131h 06
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 29: Flowers in the Attic (1987)Venus and Kayla describe the return of a heavy hitter in this classic drama!
Content warning: mentions of rape and incest
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2023-08-3006 min
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 28: Interview with the Vampire (1994)This microdose talks about the poisons in one of Kayla and Venus' favorite movies, and we also do some myth busting!
Find the full episode on our Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lethaldosepod
You can also support the show by becoming a Paid Subscriber and get ad-free content on Spotify for $0.99: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/lethaldosepod/subscribe2023-07-2604 min
Lethal Dose[TEASER] Microdose 27: The Wizard of Oz (1939)For the first summer movie night of 2023, we watched The Wizard of Oz. This microdose covers the poisons used in the plot and on the set of the Hollywood classic.
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2023-06-2806 minLethal DoseEpisode 42: The Serpent Pt. 2 Slippery Little SnakeThis season finale episode concludes the story of Charles Sobhraj and his accomplices Marie-Andree Leclerc and Ajay Chowdury, who helped him poison, rob, and murder an untold number of tourists in Southeast Asia in 1975 and 1976. Get out your globes for this one!
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YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQ...2023-05-241h 50Lethal DoseEpisode 41: The Serpent Pt. 1 Not Wanted HereThe serial killer Charles Sobhraj, later known as The Serpent or the Bikini Killer, started out with petty crimes and poisonings during a fractured adolescence divided between Vietnam and France and quickly escalated, leaving a trail of people who liked and trusted him reeling in his wake.
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2023-05-101h 06Lethal DoseEpisode 40: ParaquatIn 1985, bottles of Oronamin C containing the herbicide paraquat poisoned 35 people in Japan and killed 12, but that's just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the paraquat problem.
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Ajdacic-Gross, V., Weiss, M. G., Ring, M., Hepp, U., Bopp, M., Gutzwiller, F., & Rössler, W. (2...2023-04-2645 minLethal DoseEpisode 39: SerotoninThe happy chemical might not be the happy chemical after all, and it could actually kill you. Libby Zion probably didn't know this back in 1984, but her doctors should have.
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Albert, P. R., Benkelfat, C., & Descarries. (2012). The neurobiology of depression—revisiting the serotonin hypothesis. I. Cellular and molecular mechanisms. Phil Trans R Soc B, 367, 2378-2381.
Classen, D. C., Resar, R., Griffin, F., Federico, F., Frankel, T., Kimmel, N., Whittington, J. C., Frankel, A., Seger, A., & James, B. C. (2011). ‘Global Trigger Tool’ Shows That Adverse Events In Hospitals May Be Ten Times Greater Than P...2023-04-121h 45Lethal DoseEpisode 38: The Teacup PoisonerThe Teacup Poisoner was a chemistry bro/edge lord serial killer (aren't they all?) responsible for the murder of at least three people with thallium, but that wasn't his only poison of choice.
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Attack on schistosomiasis. (1966). BMJ,
1(5482), 249-250.
Emsley, J. (2005). The Elements of Murder. Oxford University Press.
Genchi, G., Carocci, A., Lauria, G.,
Sinicropi, M. S., & Catalano, A. (2021). Thallium use, toxicity, and
detoxification therapy: An overview. Appl.
Sci., 11(18).
Holden, A. (1974). The St Albans Poisoner. Corgi Books.
Mari, M., & Domingo, J. L. (2010).
Toxic emissions from crematories: A...2023-03-291h 19Lethal DoseEpisode 37: PFAS Pt. 3 Forever ChemicalsIn this conclusion to our series on PFAS chemicals, Venus and Kayla discuss the current status of PFAS regulations around the world, where they have been detected, and how they impact all of us.
Find references for this episode over at patreon.com/lethaldosepod (for free!) and at Kayla's blog, writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com.
You can also support us by subscribing to ad-free content on Spotify for $0.99, or subscribing on Patreon at the $2 or $5 level and also get bonus content.
If you like the show, leave us a rating or a...2023-03-1553 minLethal DoseEpisode 36: PFAS Pt. 2 Do the Study After We Are SuedWe continue the story of PFAS by examining the fallout from the 1999 lawsuit brought against DuPont by Wilbur Tennant and lawyer Rob Bilott. Both 3M and DuPont knew that their chemicals were dangerous for far longer than they ever have admitted, and regular people have paid the price with their health and their lives.
Find references for this episode over at patreon.com/lethaldosepod (for free!) and at Kayla's blog, writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com.
You can also support us by subscribing to ad-free content on Spotify for $0.99, or subscribing on Patreon at the $2 or $5 level and...2023-03-0158 minLethal DoseEpisode 35: PFAS Pt. 1 Decades of DeceitThe history of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances stretches back to the Manhattan Project. In this episode, we cover discovery of PFAS and their use at major companies like 3M and DuPont up to their contamination of a cattle pasture in West Virginia that brought their toxicity into the eyes of the public.
Find references for this episode over at patreon.com/lethaldosepod (for free!) and at Kayla's blog, writerkaylawoods.wordpress.com.
You can also support us by subscribing to ad-free content on Spotify for $0.99, or subscribing on Patreon at the $2 or $5 level and also get...2023-02-1559 minLethal DosePatreon Bonus Episode - Microdose 12: Erin Brockovich (2000)This is a Patreon re-released episode that can be found ad free at patreon.com/lethaldosepod. In this microdose, Venus and Kayla discuss the portrayal of the case between Pacific Gas and Electric and the city of Hinkley, CA as portrayed in the 2000 film.2023-02-0136 minLethal DoseEpisode 34: Dr. Hawley CrippenSeason 5 opens with the case of trial by media in the suspected murder of Cora Crippen in 1910. In the end, there are more questions than answers, and an innocent man stands accused.
Ask Crippen's Reprieve. (1910, 18 Nov 1910). The New York Times.
Burney, I., & Pemberton, N. (2010). The rise and fall of celebrity pathology. BMJ, 341(7786), 1319-1321.
Corallo, C. E., Whitfield, A., & Wu, A. (2009). Anticholinergic syndrome following an unintentional overdose of scopolamine. Ther Clin Risk Manag, 5, 719-723.
Crippen's Father Dies. (1910, 19 Nov 1910). The New York Times.
Crippen's Father Talks. (1910, 15 Jul 1910). The New York Times.2023-01-181h 23Lethal DoseEpisode 33: Aum Shinrikyo Pt. 3 The Tokyo Subway AttackThe story of Aum Shinrikyo culminates in the infamous attack on the Tokyo subway with sarin gas and then weeks of raiding Aum facilities and years of trials. This is also our last episode of season 4; we will return in 2023 with season 5! Check us out on social media until then, or find us on Patreon!
Fackler, M. (2012). Tokyo Gas Attack Arrest Reawakens National Trauma. The New York Times. Retrieved 07 Dec 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/08/world/asia/tokyo-gas-attack-arrest-reawakens-national-trauma.html
Faith in Aum guru resurges as Joyu moves to form his own group. (2007). R...2022-12-141h 29Lethal DoseEpisode 32: Aum Shinrikyo Pt. 2 Armageddon ApproachesThe story of the doomsday cult continues, beginning with their first experiments with sarin and other chemical warfare agents in 1993.
(1) Tucker, J. B. War of Nerves: Chemical Warfare from World War I to Al-Qaeda; Pantheon Books, 2006.
(2) Medical Management of Chemical Casualties. Office, C. C. C., Ed.; U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense: Aberdeen Proving Ground Maryland 21010, 1995.
(3) Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for GB (Sarin). In Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for Selected Chemical-Warfare Agents; National Academies Press (US), 1997.
(4) Kaplan, D. E.; Marshall, A. The Cult...2022-11-301h 05Lethal DoseEpisode 31: Aum Shinrikyo Pt. 1 Brain Shocks and BiochemicalsBefore the sarin gas attacks in 1995, the cult members of Aum Shinrikyo were busy experimenting with biochemical warfare agents at the direction of their leader, Shoko Asahara.
(1) Kaplan, D. E.; Marshall, A. The Cult at the End of the World; Crown Publishers, Inc., 1996.
(2) Gunaratna, R. Aum Shinrikyo's Rise, Fall and Revival. Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses 2018, 10 (8), 1-6.
(3) Metraux, D. A. Religious Terrorism in Japan: The Appeal of Aum Shinrikyo. Asian Survey 1995, 35 (12).
(4) Tucker, J. B. War of Nerves: Chemical Warfare from World War I to Al-Qaeda; Pantheon Books, 2006.
(5) Pollack, A...2022-11-161h 26Lethal DoseEpisode 30: Cyanide Pt. 3 The Excedrin MurdersWe're wrapping up this month's cyanide series with the 1986 murders of Sue Snow and Bruce Nickell by tainted Excedrin. For more information on cyanide in product tampering, check out the Chicago Tylenol Murders on Patreon. Or you can just listen to this episode and we'll touch on it a bit, too. You do you. Just be nice to others.
(1) Olson, G. Bitter Almonds: The True Story of Mothers, Daughters, and the Seattle Cyanide Murders; St. Martin's Paperbacks, 2006.
(2) Turner, W. Cyanide Death Halts the Sale of Excedrin Capsules. The New York Times, 18 Jun 1986, 1986.
(3) Poisoned...2022-11-0255 minLethal DoseEpisode 29: Cyanide Pt. 2 The Jonestown MassacreIn the second episode of our cyanide series, we talk about the rise and fall of Jim Jones and The Peoples Temple, a cult that ended in a massacre of 918 people in 1978 in Jonestown, Guyana, South America.
(1) Guinn, J. The Road to Jonestown: Jim Jones and the Peoples Temple; Simon & Schuster, 2017.
(2) Layton, D. Seductive Poison: a Jonestown survivor's story of life and death in the Peoples Temple; Anchor Books, 1998.
(3) Nelson, S. Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple. In American Experience, PBS: 2007.
(4) Kilduff, M.; Tracy, P. Inside Peoples Temple. In...2022-10-192h 53Lethal DoseEpisode 28: Cyanide Pt. 1 Zyklon BIn this episode, we're covering the use of the cyanide-containing pesticide Zyklon B by the Nazis during the Holocaust. Shit gets heavy.
(1) Atkinson, J. Ethnic cleansing in Roman Alexandria in 38. Acta Classica 2006, 49, 31-54.
(2) Jeffreys, D. Hell's Cartel; Bloomsbury, 2009.
(3) Hayes, P. From Cooperation to Complicity: Degussa in the Third Reich; Cambridge University Press, 2004.
(4) Friedlander, H. The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the Final Solution; The University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
(5) Begen, D. L. War & Genocide: A Concise History of the Holocaust; Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2009.2022-10-051h 21Lethal DoseEpisode 27: Arsenic Pt. 3 The Largest Mass Poisoning in HistoryThis episode continues our overarching history of arsenic and covers the on-going mass poisoning of groundwater in Bangladesh that was first identified in 1978 or 1983.
(1) Meharg, A. A. Venomous Earth; Macmillan, 2005.
(2) Carey, M.; Meharg, C.; Meharg, A. A.; Williams, P.; Marwa, E.; Jiujin, X.; Farias, J. G.; De Silva, P. M. C. S.; Signes-Pastor, A.; Lu, Y.; et al. Global sourcing of low-inorganic arsenic rice grain. Exposure and Health 2019, 12, 711-719.
(3) Study identifies better, cheaper ways to stem arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh. In Phys Org, phys.org, 2019.
(4) Win, T. L. Can technology help...2022-09-211h 07
Lethal DoseEpisode 26: IpecacThis episode is a deep-dive into a purgative that has withstood the test of time, for better or for worse. To demonstrate the dangers of ipecac in the wrong hands, Kayla tells Venus about the 1994 trials of Christina Rubio for the attempted murder of her daughter and the murder of her son. Trigger warnings for discussion of child abuse and death, and for discussion of eating disorders.
(1) Dioscorides, P. De Materia Medica. In Being an Herbal with Many Other Medicinal Materials, IBIDIS Press: Johannesburg, 2000.
(2) Zarzo, I.; Boselli, P.; Soriano, J. History of slimming diets up...2022-09-0740 minLethal DoseEpisode 25: MelamineIn 2007, there was a large-scale poisoning of babies from drinking tainted milk powder in China, which was covered up by government officials and dairy industry executives. This wasn't the first time melamine was used as an artificial protein in a food source, and, unfortunately, it also wasn't the last.
1. Branigan, T. Chinese figures show fivefold rise in babies sick from contaminated milk The Gaurdian [Online], 2008. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/dec/02/china (accessed 19 Apr 2022).
2. Branigan, T. Three die in tainted baby milk scandal in China The Gaurdian [Online], 2008. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/sep/18/china...2022-05-1856 minLethal DoseEpisode 24: WaterEven too much of a good thing can be deadly. This episode covers the accidental water intoxication death of Jennifer Strange in 2007 following a radio station contest. Mentions of child abuse later on in the show.
1. . Police Probe Water Intoxication Death CBS News [Online], 2007. cbsnews.com/news/police-probe-water-intoxication-death/ (accessed 07 Apr 2022).
2. . DJs sacked over fatal water drinking contest The Guardian [Online], 2007. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/jan/17/usa (accessed 07 Apr 2022).
3. Death on the Radio. hochelaga: YouTube, 2021.
4. . Woman dies after water-drinking contest NBC news [Online], 2007. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna16614865 (accessed 08 Apr 2022).2022-05-0440 minLethal DoseEpisode 23: Synthetic CannabinoidsThis episode is an overview of the dangers of synthetic cannabinoids and some mythbusting about their safety and their similarities to naturally produced cannabinoids. Stay safe, everyone!
1. Dawson, A. 2 dead, 41 hospitalized in Hillsborough from poisonous batch of 'Spice' Tampa Bay Times [Online], 2021. https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2021/12/15/2-dead-41-hospitalized-in-hillsborough-from-poisonous-batch-of-spice/ (accessed 01 Apr 2022).
2. Gottlieb, S., Statement from FDA warning about significant health risks of contaminated illegal synthetic cannabinoid products that are being encountered by FDA. US Food and Drug Administration: fda.gov, 2018.
3. Powell, D. The spice of death: The science behind tainted "synthetic marijuana"...2022-04-2044 minLethal DoseEpisode 22: HemlockWe're throwing it back old school and discussing Socrates' state-ordered suicide by hemlock. Was he actually killed with hemlock, as Plato described, or was something else going on?
1. Plato, Euthyphro, The Apology, Crito, Phaedo. In The Last Days of Socrates, Radice, B., Ed. Penguin Books: New York, 1969.
2. Hughes, B., The Hemlock Cup. Alfred A. Knopf: New York, 2011.
3. Brickhouse, T. C.; Smith, N. D., The Trial and Execution of Socrates. Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2002.
4. Bonner, R. J., The use of hemlock for capital punishment. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 1940, 51, 299...2022-04-0654 minLethal DoseEpisode 21: Russian PoisonsThis episode continues our foray into poisons used by agents of the Russian government which we began examining in Episode 20: Ricin. We cover the creation of The Chamber, truth serums, and the polonium used to assassinate Alexander Litvinenko in 2006.
1. Volodarsky, B., The KGB's Poison Factory. Minneapolis: Frontline Books, 2009.
2. Review of Acute Human-Toxicity Estimates for Selected Chemical-Warfare Agents. National Academy Press: Washington, D.C., 1997. (accessed 18 May 2021).
3. Fitzgerald, G. J., Chemical warfare and medical response during World War I. Am J Public Health 2008, 98 (4), 611-625.
4. Chen, Y.; Jia, Y.; Song, W.; Zhang, L., Therapeutic pot...2022-03-161h 26Lethal DoseEpisode 20: RicinBy popular listener demand, today's episode covers the 1978 assassination of Georgi Markov using one of the world's oldest poisons.
1. KGB. https://www.history.com/topics/russia/kgb (accessed 06 Jan 2022).
2. Pringle, R. W. Federal Security Service. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Federal-Security-Service (accessed 06 Jan 2022).
3. Murrell, K. B.; Ioffe, G.; French, R. A. The Kremlin of Moscow. https://www.britannica.com/place/Moscow/The-Kremlin (accessed 06 Jan 2022).
4. Political Assassinations. In Forensic History: Crimes, Frauds, and Scandals, The Great Courses: 2014; p 32 minutes.
5. Volodarsky, B., The KGB's Poison Factory. Minneapolis: Frontline Books, 2009.
6. Kn...2022-03-0259 minLethal DoseEpisode 19: ChloroformIn 1915, an orderly at the German Odd Fellows home killed eight patients with chloroform. A hundred years later, chloroform was still being used for murderous purposes in the murder of Sameena Imam.
1. Blum, D., The Poisoner's Handbook. Penguin Books: New York, 2010.
2. Lane, B.; Gregg, W., Mors, Frederick. In The Encyclopedia of Serial Killers, Berkley Books: New York, 1995.
3. Buxton, D. W., John Snow and the advent of chloroform. British J of Anaesthesia 1924, 1 (3), 101-107.
4. Snow, J., On the cause and prevention of death from chloroform. BMJ 1852, 4 (40), 320-329.
5. Killed 8 in Home, He...2022-01-2645 minLethal DoseEpisode 18: EthanolHappy new year! In this episode, Kayla and Venus talk about one of the most popular poisons known to humans and how it was used in the serial slayings of indigenous Canadian women in the 1980s. Content warning for sexual assault, race-based hate crimes, crimes against sex workers, and brief mention of assault on a child.
1. Slingerland, E., Drunk: How We Sipped, Danced, and Stumbled Our Way to Civilization Little, Brown Spark: New York, 2021.
2. Alcohol and the Distillation of Wine in Arabic Sources from the Eighth Century Onwards. http://www.history-science-technology.com/notes/notes7.html.2022-01-1259 minLethal DosePatreon Bonus Episode - Microdose 1: Florence MaybrickThis episode was our very first microdose made available to our patrons. Florence Maybrick was accused of fatally poisoning her husband, James Maybrick, with arsenic in 1899. She was tried and found guilty, but was justice served?2021-12-221h 17Lethal DoseEpisode 17: StrychnineIn this season 2 finale episode, Kayla relates the drama of the mysterious death of Jane Stanford by strychnine to Venus. Did she die from natural causes, or was our Mr. Body killed in the hotel room with the bottle of poison?
1. Christie, A., The Mysterious Affair at Styles. Project Gutenberg: gutenberg.org, 1997. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/863/863-h/863-h.htm#chap03(accessed 16 Nov 2021).
2. Cutler, R. W. P., The Mysterious Death of Jane Stanford. Stanford University Press: Stanford, 2003.
3. Kang, L.; Pedersen, N., Quackery: A Brief History of the Worst Ways to...2021-11-241h 29Lethal DoseEpisode 16: Typhoid ft. Bryce ChervenWash your damn hands! Kayla and Venus talk with Bryce Cherven of Pastry Unicorn to discuss a slew of salmonella typhi poisonings at the hands of Mary Mallon in the late 1910's.
1. Typhoid Fever. https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/typhoid.
2. Typhoid fever. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/typhoid-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20378661.
3. Goldman, B. Scientists get a handle on what made Typhoid Mary's infectious microbes tick Stanford Medicine Magazine [Online], 2013. https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2013/08/scientists-get-a-handle-on-what-made-typhoid-marys-infectious-microbes-tick.html.
4. Ashurst, J. V.; Truong, J.; Woodbury, B., Salmonella Typhi. StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island, FL, 2021...2021-11-101h 00Lethal DoseEpisode 15: Arsenic Pt. 2 The Bradford Sweets PoisoningsHappy Halloween! This episode, we discuss one of the few instances of poisoned candy at Halloween with the 1858 Bradford Sweets Poisoning.
1. Arsenic Trioxide; ThermoFisher Scientific: fishersci.pt, 2020.
2. Ratnaike, R. N., Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity. Postgrad Med J 2003, 79, 391-396.
3. Parascandola, J., King of Poisons. Potomac Books: Washington, D.C., 2012.
4. Kang, L.; Pedersen, N., Quackery: A Brief History of the Worst Ways to Cure Everything. Workman Publishing Co., Inc.: New York, 2017.
5. Hart, F. L., A history of the adulteration of food before 1906. Food Drug Cosmet Law J 1952, 7 (1), 5-22.
6. ...2021-10-2757 minLethal DoseEpisode 14: Eye DropsDon't believe everything you see in the movies. Spiking someone's drink with eye drops containing tetrahydrozoline won't get you more face time with Rachel McAdams, but it might kill Bradley Cooper. On this episode, Kayla and Venus discuss how Lana Clayton murdered her husband Steve Clayton in 2018.
1. Hagwood, R. S. Philanthropist Steven D. Clayton laid to rest, a year after his death South Florida Sun Sentinel [Online], 2019. https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/obituaries/fl-ne-steven-clayton-obit-eye-drop-murder-20190721-3ozh3dkgpjbvdjvivdlpcde5pq-story.html (accessed 23 Sep 2021).
2. Van Sant, P., S.C. nurse who fatally poisoned huband with eye drops: "I...2021-10-1356 minLethal DoseEpisode 13: KetamineThe times are changing, but not fast enough. Venus and Kayla discuss the use of ketamine by emergency medical personnel under the direction of police forces in the United States and how the drug contributed to the death of James Britt, Jr. in 2019.
1. James Claude Britt Jr. https://obits.postandcourier.com/us/obituaries/charleston/name/james-britt-obituary?id=2084215(accessed 24 Aug 2021).
2. Wiggins, L. In-Custody Death Britt, Jr., James C.; South Carolina Law Enforcement Division: Columbia, South Carolina, 2020; p 29.
3. Bailey, S. Bailey: Handcuffed and shackled, he died after getting a shot of ketamine The Post and C...2021-09-2954 minLethal DoseEpisode 12: ThalidomideDo you know what the worst manmade medical disaster in history was? It wasn't all that long ago! Venus and Kayla discuss the poison that caused thousands of severe birth defects worldwide and has still yet to be fully addressed.
1. Ballentine, C. Sulfanilamide Disaster FDA Consumer [Online], 1981. (accessed 12 Aug 2021).
2. Ruthenberg, K., Chapter 6: About the Futile Dream of an Entirely Riskless and Fully Effective Remedy: Thalidomide. In Ethics of Chemistry, Schummer, J.; Børsen, T., Eds. Aalborg University: Denmark, 2021; pp 141-167.
3. Rägo, L.; Santoso, B., Drug Regulation: History, Present and Fut...2021-09-1546 minLethal DoseEpisode 11: Fentanyl ft. Saucy StassiOn this season 2 premiere episode, Kayla and Venus talk with model and actress Saucy Stassi about the fentanyl-related death of Bailey Henke and the DEA operation that it inspired. Content warning for brief mention of sexual assault in the introduction.
1. Kolpack, D. Portland man says he will plead guilty to dealing fentanyl KATU2ABC [Online], 2015. https://katu.com/news/local/portland-man-says-he-will-plead-guilty-to-dealing-fentanyl (accessed 02 Aug 2021).
2. Painkiller: America's Fentanyl Crisis. Hamilton, K., Ed. Vice Media LLC: painkiller.vice.com, 2020.
3. Oregon Man Pleads Guilty for Role in Multiple Overdose Deaths and Injuries in 'Operation Denial'. Department of...2021-09-0149 min
Lethal DosePatreon Bonus Episode - Microdose 5: Modern ContraceptivesIn this follow-up Patreon exclusive video to our main channel Birth Control Pill episode, Venus and Kayla discuss hormones, sexism, and genocide. Get ready to get mad. Trigger warnings for body talk including numbers and BMI, and for talk of incarceration and racism.2021-08-041h 10Lethal DoseEpisode 10: The Birth Control PillThe history of the first hormonal birth control pill is a sordid tale of ethical violations committed against Puerto Rican women in the late 1950's by Harvard researchers, Proctor & Gamble, and funded by the founder of Planned Parenthood.
1. A Timeline of Contraception. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pill-timeline/ (accessed 03 May 2021).
2. Burnette, B. R. Comstock Act of 1873 (1873). https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/1038/comstock-act-of-1873 (accessed 03 May 2021).
3. Brooks, C. F., The early history of the anti-contraceptive laws in Massachusetts and Connecticut. American Quarterly 1966, 18 (1), 3-23.
4. Eveleth, R. Lysol's Vintage Ads Subtly Pushed...2021-05-191h 04Lethal DoseEpisode 9: Carbon MonoxideFrom famous Reddit posts and teenage suicides that result in homicide trials to Texan winters and haunted houses, we cover it all on this episode. Content warning: abuse, suicide, self-harm, and eating disorders in teenagers.
1. Johnson, B. B., Something Wicked. In Endless Thread, Kelly, M. B., Ed. WBUR: wbur.org, 2018.
2. RBradbury1920 [MA] Post-it notes left in apartment. https://www.reddit.com/r/legaladvice/comments/34l7vo/ma_postit_notes_left_in_apartment/ (accessed 29 Mar 2021).
3. RBradbury1920 [UPDATE!] [MA] Post-it notes left in apartment. https://www.reddit.com/r/legaladvice/comments/34m92...2021-05-0554 minLethal DoseGiveaway Details!We are doing a giveaway for a free year-long Patreon subscription before season 1 ends and we go on summer break.2021-04-2800 minLethal DoseEpisode 8: InsulinInsulin is a life-saving cure for diabetic patients, but was used to kill at least nine people at a VA hospital in West Virginia around 2018.
1. Principles of Pharmacology, Second Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore, 2008.
2. 100 Years Ago, a Miracle Drug Saved Millions of Children—and Created a Powerful Myth. In Dr. Banting's Miracle Drug, Bolt, A.; Harrop, J.; Kirschner, E., Eds. Slate: slate.com, 2018.
3. Bliss, M., The Discovery of Insulin. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, 1982.
4. Bunn, A. The Way We Live Now: 3-16-03: Body Check; The Bittersweet Science The...2021-04-2139 minLethal DoseEpisode 7: NicotineHomicide by nicotine. This episode describes the murder of Linda Curry by her husband, Paul Curry. Kayla and Venus also discuss nicotine-contaminated ground beef and how the analytical method for extracting alkaloid drugs was done out of spite. Audio clip is from the movie Thank You for Smoking.
1. Mishra, A.; Chaturvedi, P.; Datta, S.; Sinukumar, S.; Joshi, P.; Garg, A., Harmful effects of nicotine. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2015, 36 (1), 24-31.
2. Baselt, R. C., Nicotine. In Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, Second Edition, Biomedical Publications: Davis, California, 1982.
3. Cantrell...2021-04-071h 02Lethal DoseEpisode 6: Rainbow HerbicidesIn the second half of our two-part series on the chemical warfare agents in the Vietnam War, we discuss arsenic-containing Agent Blue, and Agent White.
1. Studdard, T. Rainbow Herbicides, Agent Orange, and VA Benefits. https://veterans.perkinslawtalk.com/post/agent-orange-rainbow-herbicides-and-va-benefits/(accessed 13 Jan 2021).
2. Lavallard, M.-H., A Chemical War Without End: Agent Orange in Vietnam. Agent Orange Action Group 2012, p 15.
3. Hoylman, L. Agent Blue: Arsenic-Laced Rainbow The VVA Veteran Online [Online], 2015. https://vvaveteran.org/35-3/35-3_agentblue.html(accessed 13 Jan 2021).
4. Tharp, M. Agent Blue Haunts Vietnam War Vets Asia...2021-03-2458 minLethal DoseEpisode 5: Agent OrangeIn the first of a two part series, Kayla and Venus discuss the use of Agent Orange during the Vietnam War and the absolutely devastating effects that this chemical had on the environment and people of Vietnam, as well as the U.S. servicemen who dispersed it, potentially without knowing what it could or would do.
1. Frederickson, L., From ecocide to eco-ally: Picloram, herbicidal warfare, and invasive species, 1963-2005. Global Environment 2014, 7 (1), 172-217.
2. Frey, R. S., Agent Orange and America at war in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Human Ecology Review 2013, 20 (1), 1-10.
3. ...2021-03-101h 11Lethal DoseEpisode 4: AntifreezeKayla tells Venus about the murder of James Baker III by his wife, Jamie Baker, using antifreeze-spiked anabolic steroids. We also talk about animal poisonings, suicide, and whether or not we're all just in our antemortem phase.
1. Buttner, J. Jamie L. Baker Pleads Guilty to Murdering Weightlifter James Baker Regal Tribune [Online], 2017. https://www.regaltribune.com/jamie-l-baker/28204/ (accessed 16 Dec 2020).
2. Jamie Baker, who killed husband by putting antifreeze into steroid injections, gets 40-year jail sentence in Delaware. In konniemoments, konniemoments.com, 2017.
3. Sanginiti, T. Del. woman killed husband with antifreeze, police say...2021-02-2451 minLethal DoseEpisode 3: Sodium chlorideKayla and Venus discuss table salt, which Lacey Spears used to kill her son, Garnett, in 2014. This episode contains discussion of child abuse and death.
1. Roberts, T., A Mother Accused. 48 Hours: cbsnews.com, 2016.
2. Grant, H., Nissen's Fundoplication. In The Children's Hospital, Hospitals, O. R., Ed. NHS Trust: Oxford, 2014.
3. Pt. 1: Camera Catches Mom Poisoning Son at Hospital - Crime Watch Daily with Chris Hansen. True Crime Daily: youtube.com, 2018.
4. Blumm, K. C. Police Investigating Death of 5-Year-Old Whose Mom Wrote About His Illness on Facebook People [Online], 2014. https://people...2021-02-1057 minLethal DoseEpisode 2: Arsenic Pt. 1 Sex, Drugs, and WitchcraftKayla and Venus discuss arsenic as a drug and a poison beginning in Antiquity with descriptions from Hippocrates and ending in the 1800s with the implementation of the Marsh test.
1. Baselt, R. C., Arsenic. In Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, Second Edition, Biomedical Publications: Davis, California, 1982.
2. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. Tenth ed.; McGraw-Hill Education: New York, 2015.
3. Ratnaike, R. N., Acute and chronic arsenic toxicity. Postgrad Med J 2003, 79, 391-396.
4. Toxicological profile for arsenic; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR): Atlanta, GA, 2007.
5. Shen, S.; L...2021-01-271h 10Lethal DoseEpisode 1: Tox 101 and BotulismKayla nerds out on Venus with some toxicology concepts and terms in order to tell you that botulinum toxins could be used in war, assassination attempts, and to poison the food supply. Don't freak out.
1. National Botulism Surveillance Summary 2017; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Atlanta, Georgia, 2019.
2. Dhaked, R. K.; Singh, M. K.; Singh, P.; Gupta, P., Botulinum toxin: Bioweapon & magic drug. Indian J Med Res 2010, 132 (5), 489-503.
3. Burian, M.; Knížek, A.; Rajlich, J.; Stehlík, E., Assassination: Operation ANTHROPOID. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic: Prague, 2002.
4. Jagg...2021-01-1347 minLethal DoseIntroducing: Lethal DoseWelcome to the Lethal Dose podcast!2021-01-0600 min