Shows
QuantitudeS6E21 Quantitude: How the Sausage is MadeIn this week's episode, the last of Season 6, Patrick and Greg pull back the curtain and reveal how the Quantitude sausage is actually made. Their motivation is to share their own joys and challenges in making a podcast in the hope that others might consider doing this themselves, whether it be for simple self-satisfaction or for using it as a free speech platform in a time when other avenues of communication are feeling increasingly compromised. Along the way they also discuss baring your soul, being 20 minutes away, losing money, Guglielmo Marconi, palak paneer, Taylor Swift, Machiavelli's bad rap, Quincy J...2025-05-2057 minQuantitudeS6E19 Misheard (Statistical) Lyrics: A MixtapeIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg have some serious fun with song lyrics they misunderstood at some point in their personal lives. They then use this as a thinly veiled excuse to explore some very basic statistical things that they have also misunderstood at some point in their professional lives. Along the way they discuss over-engineered front ends, mumbling, Scaramouche, mondegreens, Tony Danza, Bingo Jed, word salad, containers, sitting next to Kurt Cobain, kicking cats, tiddles, ears ringing, the Dunder Chief, wrinkles in the space time continuum, naked or not, missing data bouncer, colite gas, and dying on...2025-04-1545 minQuantitudeS6E18 Count VariablesIn today’s episode Patrick and Greg talk about outcomes that are count variables: when you need to worry about them and what you can do about them within your analytical models. Along the way they also mention: Bela Lugosi, Vlad the Impaler, Patrick the Poker, Count Chocula, Count von Count, drunken bar brawls, secret distributions, K!, bio breaks, second favorite child, Animal Farm, Cliff’s notes, A’s in band, and more equal zeros. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2025-04-0142 minQuantitudeS6E12 Suppression UnrepressedIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg explore the fascinating world of suppressor variables which have the nearly magical, yet fully understandable, distinction of being unrelated to the dependent variable yet serving to enhance the predictive utility of other variables in the model. Along the way they also discuss getting the giggles, giving away our secrets, Sigmund Freud, repressed variance, Greg's defense mechanisms, Keyser Soze, the Cookie Monster, squirrel proof bird feeders, World War II, street magicians, Paul's corpse, and before zero was invented. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org...2025-01-0737 minQuantitudeS6E09 Masterpiece Theatre: Skrondal & Laake (2001)This week Patrick and Greg talk about one of Patrick's favorite papers, which is a masterpiece not only in terms of its quantitative contribution in understanding the differential role of factor scores, but also as a model of clear and concise technical communication. Along the way they also mention Sandals and Motel 6, hotel hangers and glasses, hitchhikers under the bed, icebreakers with Roger, David Mamet films, Patrick’s conversations with himself, Rondo, title colons, carving elephants, cursing Patrick in the dark, as the reader may demonstrate, tea leaves, Holzinger & Swineford, and bringing down the average IQ.St...2024-12-0339 minQuantitudeS6E08 The Statenfreude of Generalized Estimating EquationsIn this week's episode, Patrick and Greg discuss the benefits and limitations of generalized estimating equations as an approach to dealing with data that violate the assumption of independence. Along the way they also mention: goat rodeos, haunted houses, jump scares, liberos, Haikyu!!, Whoa Ace!, dadenfreude, Otto, cutting the baguette, this just in, American Idiot, bing bong bing bong, my dad drinks Pepsi, and fine print.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2024-11-1942 minQuantitudeS6E05 Cattell's Data BoxIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg discuss Cattell's data box and try to better understand what it is, what it is not, and how we might make use of this in practice. Along the way they also discuss illegal knives, baseball cards, the Cubs and the Mariners, bicentennial quarters, how to load a dishwasher, horrible people, anal retentive friends, Flat Stanley, Dungeons & Dragons, pricing yourself out of business, needing 20 friends, being super pedantic, The Full Monty, stereograms, and magical statistical accessories.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube...2024-10-1539 minQuantitudeS6E04 Person-Centered vs. Variable-Centered AnalysisIn this week's episode, Patrick and Greg talk about person-centered methods versus variable-centered methods with the punch line being that the historically contentious distinction between these two is unnecessary, unhelpful, and even counter-productive. Along the way they also mention lost luggage, Sabena Air t-shirts, the Inquisition, honey badger Americans, Fredrik Backman, punch lines, a frayed knot, the Keanu Reeves of statistics, new bosses and old bosses, non sequiturs, fffsssshhhhh, ergodicity, complimentary eye patches, and Atrick. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2024-10-0846 minQuantitudeS6E03 Multiple Choice Is ______In this week's episode Greg and Patrick explore the surprisingly tricky topic of multiple choice items: how to write them, how not to write them, and giving a well written test the respect it deserves. Along the way they also discuss recognizing emotions, laying down 50 feet of rubber, glass animals, rewriting your kid's test, self-righteousness, Dora the Explorer, the Magna Carta, accidentally becoming a better teacher, dumpster diving, a special place in hell, Trivial Pursuit as blood sport, world geography, being a horrible student, and the terror of having Greg as a dental assistant.Stay in...2024-09-2439 minQuantitudeS6E02 Judging Inter-Rater ReliabilityIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg talk about different ways of assessing inter-rater agreement and reliability among two or more raters and the importance of doing so. Along the way they also discuss the summer Olympics, underdogs, monologue face-offs, Quincy Wilson, Boomers, the Soviet judge, biopsy subjectivity, the secret to college admissions reliability, skipping conference dinners, ripping a dive, Patrick's silver medal, the trifactor model, the Good Cop parent, temper tantrums, and intellectual Sugar Daddies. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2024-09-1743 minQuantitudeS5E25 Is Being a Professor the Right Fit for Me?In this week’s episode, our 150th and the last of season 5, Greg and Patrick hear from five people at different stages of their academic journey, who share some of their concerns about a career in academia. Along the way we also mention: deathscrolling, Patrick’s fuzzy blanket, slow motion ballerina, Twix, academia infomercial, Twitter admins, micromanaging, pilot training, young Turks at the gate, stupid shit like this, chalk holders, administrative tennis, Nietzsche, Eeyore, Kaitlin Clark assists, blizzard of information, kick the can, when the street lights come on, and water goggles.Stay in contact with Quan...2024-05-2152 minQuantitudeS5E24 Zombie Wheel of DistributionsIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg somehow manage to tie together pretending to be sick with game shows with zombies with conspiracy boards to explore the remarkable inter-relations among probability distributions, starting with the Bernoulli and biting their way through the binomial, z, t, chi-square, F, and beyond. Along the way they also discuss having a 122 degree temperature, playing with mercury, daytime TV, Paul Lynde, Vanna White, horses and plows, breeding like cats, the long con, the Swiss vs. the French, Zombieland, the Quincunx, fifth grade math, Lowly Worm, a lazy S, the double tap, and choosing free...2024-05-0747 minQuantitudeS5E22 Survival Analysis in the Social Sciences: It's About TimeIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg explore the incredibly cool topic of survival analysis, which is a set of techniques that allows for powerful tests of predictors of the amount of time to experiencing an event; yet these models are not often used in many areas of study. Along the way they also discuss the date of your death, running with scissors, Patrick's Audi A8, because she's dead, say my name, the good guys, things that annoy me, you tell me, using your brain, sofa forts, back dating checks, logistic regression on steroids, and coming to the party...2024-04-2347 minQuantitudeS5E21 Multilevel Factor Analysis: But What Do The Factors Mean?!In this week's episode, Greg and Patrick talk about the challenges of combining confirmatory factor analysis and multilevel data, and the underappreciated but absolutely critical role that theory plays in choosing the proper model for your constructs. Along the way they also discuss learning in a second language, torn meniscuseseses, concert C trumpets, nosy neighbors, forts of equations, artillery commanders, saluting cadets, the huffing closet, Hungry Hungry Hippos, Rock'em Sock'em Robots, lactose intolerance, Greg's ATM PIN, our circle of friend, and configural configurations. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod Y...2024-04-0947 minQuantitudeS5E19 Item Response Theory, Q.E.D.In this week's episode Patrick and Greg provide an introduction to the Item Response Theory model: what it is, how it relates to traditional factor analysis, and how this modem approach improves upon some of the limitations of classical test theory. Along the way they also mention weinerness, memorizing Latin for punishment, eggszampke, in ether words, ITR, switching a and b, I’m not defensive - you are, why biostatisticians hate us (page 3 subsection 8), binary babble, EAPs and MAPs, computer adaptive testing on the playground, Bob’s your uncle, and the liberal arts mic drop. Stay in cont...2024-03-1949 minQuantitudeS5E18 Probability on Spring BreakIn this week’s episode, Patrick and Greg play with some of the basics of probability in the context of some classic, fun, and often counterintuitive examples. Along the way they also discuss arguments with relatives, a feel for the roulette wheel, Xeroxing your butt, “The coin has spoken.”, Quantitude BooqQlub, the Bellagio Fountains, Clooney and Pitt look-alikes, the Flippier, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, Monty Hall, Ferraris and goats, the birthday problem, how to carve an elephant, and pick-6 lotteries. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2024-03-1244 minQuantitudeS5E14 Regression to the MeanIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg launch a new occasional series called Stuff You Should Know. The topic for today is regression to the mean: what the heck is it, how does it arise in every day life, and what can we do about it. Along the way they also discuss the space-time continuum, Kai Ryssdal, inflation, witches of MacBeth, the hidden curriculum, oh dang, sh*t (ummm...STUFF) you should know, SAT prep courses, the triumph of mediocrity, angstroms, blobs. reinventing history, and being patronizing. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: q...2024-01-3034 minQuantitudeS5E12 Meta-Analysis With Paschal SheeranIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg have great fun talking about meta-analysis with Paschal Sheeran, a social psychologist from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He describes what meta-analysis is, what it offers, and how to apply it in your own work. Along the way they also discuss taking off into the north vs the south, flipping people off, being subtle, metaphysics, say my name, most effective tactic available, fleeing Ireland, struggling to fit in, falling off a bus, taking the piss out of your own work, opposable thumbs, descriptive descriptions, sleepwalking reviewers, the wild west...2024-01-1643 minQuantitudeS5E07 Perspectives on Formative Factors & Causal IndicatorsIn today’s episode, Patrick and Greg talk about the challenge of having causal indicators of formative factors within an analytical framework that is historically dominated by effect indicators and latent factors — and the critical importance of getting your arrows right. Along the way they also mention: self help books, habits, Hagrid and the giants, When Arrows Attack, The Handbook of SEM, the evil eye factor, defining your terms, the meaning of IS, minority reports, putting your fist through the office wall, lawyering, being deposed, How does it know?, doubling down, and bad JFK impressions. Stay in co...2023-11-0747 minQuantitudeS5E06 Advanced Factor StructuresIn today’s episode, Patrick and Greg talk about fun extensions to the basic confirmatory factor model, including higher order models, bifactor or residualized models, and multitrait-multimethod models. Along the way they also mention microscope lab, burning ants, substitute teaching, Cool or Creepy?, Monet, Clueless, haystacks, hotdogs, What are you thinking?, pennies and pounds, party like it’s 1904, potluck freeloaders, lips and a**holes, promiscuous models, and shock absorbers. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2023-10-3146 minQuantitudeS5E04 Dissertations: Quant Ideas From Actual ExpertsIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg enlist the help of six quantitative methodological scholars, who share a wide variety of fertile ground for quantitative research, which should be useful for students seeking dissertation topics as well as anyone interested in active methodological areas. Along the way they also mentioned: Kill Bill, The Waltons (with corpses), taking away grandpa's car keys, needing an avocado, Patrick's paygrade, clean-up hitters, unhinged Tweeting, promiscuous models, meercats, cantankerously frequentist, who needs data, and combining with Jordan for 70 points. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @q...2023-10-1050 minQuantitudeS5E03 The DON'Ts and DOs of the DissertationIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg plumb the depths of what is a dissertation and what purpose does it serve. They are aided in the use of an AI language interpreter to translate old man grousing to positive and supportive advice for students as they discuss the strengths and weaknesses of a dissertation project. Along the way they also mention: pumpkin spice, marching bands, Maximus Decimus Meridius, Hiccup, being like too American, OMG, anger interpreters, patience and self-restraint, the pantsless Lindy, it's just something people do, flight instructors, bloody marys in Row 14, dead birds, kilometerage, sleek sports cars...2023-09-2640 minQuantitudeS5E01 Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) CurvesIn this week's episode, the first of Season 5, Patrick and Greg explore the very cool world of receiver operating characteristic, or ROC, curves: what they are, how they work, and why we can give partial thanks to Winston Churchill for their existence. Along the way they also mention: advent calendars, lasagna for 8, Honey Nut Cheerios, radio detection and ranging, flock of seagulls, broken pun promises, Dwayne Johnson, the whale petting machine, Embassy Suites, poison ivy and kudzu, sexy Hulk, smoldering intensity, Spitfires and F-14s, drunken punches, and Where’s Waldo.Stay in contact with Quantitude!...2023-09-1253 minQuantitudeS4E24 Longitudinal Measurement InvarianceIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg talk about the critical and often unmet assumptions underlying the use of measured variables at multiple time points, whether for simple analyses like tests of means or more complex analyses like modeling individual growth. Along the way they also mention: following your blocker, Pascal’s wager, Wikipedia empathy, ham sandwich syllogisms, flying cattle cars, Kennedy babies, Costco bathroom scales, Spirit Airlines, expecting you to bring wine, crying about broccoli, the Audi A series, dead raccoon smell, Joe Walsh, Greg’s abs, copy/paste measurement models, Orlando vs. Fort Lauderdale, moles on spring brea...2023-05-1650 minQuantitudeS4E23 QuantCrit: A Conversation With Christen PriddieIn this week's episode Greg and Patrick are joined by Christen Priddie of Indiana University who will help them learn a bit about QuantCrit: its foundations, its purpose, and how it can enrich the quantitative methods process to which we might have become a little *too* accustomed. Along the way they also mention unknown unknowns, explaining the ocean, young Pat, cackling, how Greg pays for college, crap with a number, too young for the Muppets, grumpy old men, crowbar in the brain, bad maps, Logical Landmines, fluffy language, and storytelling.Stay in contact with Quantitude!2023-05-0246 minQuantitudeS4E21 Exploratory Structural Equation ModelingIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg talk about exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), a technique drawing upon the strengths of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods and able to be embedded within structural equation models. Along the way they also mention crab vs. crabs, Most Dangerous Catch, Next Day Blinds, smash-and-grab, sharp pencils, opening the barn doors, stinking badges, all hat and no cattle, control issues, quieting the Irishmen, oxymorons, selling factor analysis on Ebay, living with mom or dad, going higgly-piggly, and treats for the mole. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web p...2023-03-1444 minQuantitudeS4E20 Dynamic Structural Equation Models with Ellen HamakerIn this week's episode Greg and Patrick talk with Dr. Ellen Hamaker from Utrecht University about the exciting and growing area of dynamic structural equation models. They discuss its tremendous substantive and methodological promise as well its assumptions and potential limitations. Along the way they also mention talking in acronyms, QSEM, cowardly bathroom stall phone calls, statistical sock puppets, interrupting Patrick, outsourcing, John Wick, copy machines, I want a cookie, bad clinical psychologists, closeness and tension, million dollar question, aspirin effects, Greg’s blue eyes, fathers matter!, and what keeps you up at night.Stay in co...2023-03-0749 minQuantitudeS4E19 The Dark Art of Regression DiagnosticsIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg discuss the dark art of using regression diagnostics to assess how well assumptions are met in the general linear model, with applications to the wide array of related techniques. Along the way they also mention Big Pharma, Merriam-Webster, free-radical opioids, baguettes, antisocial personality disorder, Elon Musk, yoinked, Trinity and Neo, your favorite child, Reservoir Dogs, your favorite parent, ATM machines and PIN numbers, and standing in the corner.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2023-02-2147 minQuantitudeS4E18 The Latent Variable Interaction FilesIn this week's episode, Greg and Patrick talk about what you can do when latent variables conspire to multiplicatively interact, focusing on the classic product indicator approach and the more recently developed method of latent moderated structural relations. Along the way they also mention confession, being hardly sorry, conspiracy theories, Greg's area 51 poster, trashed record needles, backwards messages, the Scooby Doo Gang, Street Justice Velma, tasteful ascots, chocolate in my peanut butter, two-legged tables, spinning 90 degrees, drug mules, Pearson's crabs, Freemasons and the Illuminati, and chalking up a win.Stay in contact with Quantitude! W...2023-02-1443 minQuantitudeS4E17 Variable Transformations: Box-Cox, Fox in SocksIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg discuss variable transformations, both linear and non-linear, and explore the potential pros and cons of using these in applied research settings. Along the way they also mention prank phone calls, English drama, rapping Dr. Seuss, persnickety estimation, weekly banana intake, it don't make no never mind, Jeffrey Bezos, the square root of .5, leverage out the wazoo, Sexy Hulk and Rage Hulk, frowny-face plots, a barn full of methods, the actual analysis of data, the principles of witchcraft, statistical insults, and massaging your y. Stay in contact with Quantitude!2023-02-0745 minQuantitudeS4E16 Discovering the False Discovery RateIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg talk about an alternative to familywise Type I error control, the false discovery rate, and how it offers increased power in that middle ground between no error control and the severe control of Bonferroni. Along the way they also mention: Leif Ericson, discovering Columbus, The Flintstones, brontosauri, dying grandmas, Coors Field homeruns, hitting Richard, more Calvinball, the power reaper, Thelma and Louise, making flights on time, intellectual judo, wet paper bags, and distribution of blame.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @q...2023-01-3147 minQuantitudeS4E15 Flipping Our Hypotheses to Test EquivalenceIn this week's episode Greg and Patrick discuss how we might flip the traditional null and alternative hypothesis testing procedures to move us from tests of literal equality to tests of practical equivalence. Along the way they also discuss tough love, horseshoes and hand-grenades, Patrick’s Driving School, Cheyenne Mountain, So Long and Thanks For All the Fish, isn't that convenient, why people hate us, systolic blood pressure, *real* doctors, I Can’t Drive 55, splash zones, Gallagher, Dilbert, and being precisely equal. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quant...2023-01-2440 minQuantitudeS4E14 Growth Trajectory Estimates...What's My Line?In this week's episode Patrick and Greg explore all the ways they lie about things when they teach, not the least of which is that there are actually no individual growth trajectories estimated in an individual trajectory growth model. They discuss why this is, how individual trajectory estimates can be obtained, and how these might be used in practice. Along the way they also mention the green light button, developmental milestones, love for semicolons, Jack Nicholson, baskets of data, Oprah, it's all crap, transparencies and dittos, yelling at your steering wheel, libertarians vs. socialists, carts and donkeys, catching squirrels...2023-01-1747 minQuantitudeS4E11 The Centrality of Noncentral DistributionsIn today’s episode, Patrick and Greg talk about those critical distributions that often go un-discussed -- noncentral distributions -- including their relation to the more familiar central distributions, their role in power and sample size determination, and how they are used in assessing data-model fit. Along the way they also mention back porch reading, latent class of one, statistical concepts as personality characteristics, double doink, Brilliant!, cocktail party banter, reaching into your d-bag, Minitab macros, sucking good practice out of your field, Patrick's most boring paper, before horses were invented, and throwing down your guitar.Stay in...2022-12-0654 minQuantitudeS4E10 Test Driving Model IdentificationIn today’s episode, Greg and Patrick talk about model under-, just-, and over-identification, starting with the algebraic foundations and moving into implications for the practice of structural equation modeling. Along the way they also mention shagging cars, new Ferraris, bank statements, prerecorded reactions, Quantitude implied contract, necessary & sufficient, walk of shame, Patrick’s Roz impression, working with explosives, potluck freeloaders, fixing a loading to your home address, and bad maps.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-11-2950 minQuantitudeS4E09 Intensive Longitudinal Data: Be Careful What You Wish For In today's episode Patrick and Greg talk about that sweet spot between panel designs and time series designs, intensive longitudinal data — both the logistical and analytical challenges, but more importantly its tremendous potential. Along the way they also mention camp fire face-plants, fear of horses, your spare eyelid, polishing your Nobel Prize, ripples in a pond, lick'm-sir, August 14th, the basketball effect, Southwest boarding number B14, high school math teacher apologies, open mic night, and umbrella shopping. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-11-1552 minQuantitudeS4E08 Missing Data: The New State Of The Art With Craig EndersIn this week's episode Greg and Patrick get to explore modern methods for missing data analysis while belaboring quotes from Top Gun with their guest Craig Enders from the University of California at Los Angeles. Craig looks back over the past 20 years of developments in missing data analysis to discuss what has worked, what hasn't worked, and what new methods are available now that we didn't have back then. Along the way they also discuss Sean, Not Sean, going to the movies, grumpy old man mode, wiener boy, grave digger, Venice beach zoom backgrounds, Lie Awake, hung over GREs...2022-11-0850 minQuantitudeS4E07 The Quanti-House of HorrorIn this week's Halloween-themed episode, Patrick and Greg have fun talking about things in their academic jobs that scare them, from things that are a little scary to things that they find absolutely terrifying. Along the way they also discuss Mrs. Kopicky's caramel popcorn balls, Wolf of Wall Street, Kenny T, forgetting you've told a story before, forgetting you've told a story before, recurring nightmares, bending but not breaking, the zeta of teaching, Royale with Cheese, necessary roughness, authoritative parenting, shotgunning Pixie Stix, feelings integers, and if ain't Baroque. Stay in contact with Quantitude! W...2022-10-2544 minQuantitudeS4E05 Moderated Nonlinear Factor Analysis: A Conversation with Dan BauerIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg spend a wonderful, if not at times awkward, hour talking with Dan Bauer about the genesis, application, and future directions of what may be the world's worst acronym: MNLFA, or moderated nonlinear factor analysis. Along the way they also mention unsolicited help from teenagers, gold stars, acronyms, words that start with "ci", aggressive mice, manipulating your advisors, 2nd spouses, MoNoLiFa, Quantitube, rewiring your brain, $1M calculators, and mod mod.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-10-1156 minQuantitudeS4E03 Two-Stage Least Squares Strikes BackIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg explore the often neglected method of two-stage least squares; they take a walk down memory lane to explore its origins and then drag it kicking and screaming into the 21st century for much promising use within the latent variable model. Along the way they also mention magic dishwashers, being under-estimated, blind pigs & truffles, Sadie Hawkins, intellectual spinning hook kicks, Fisher's eight-pack abs, the fine print, Winston Churchill vs. Chewbacca, Guinea pigs, Mrs. Lincoln, butter snacks, and snipe hunts.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org...2022-09-2757 minQuantitudeS4E02 Underachievers, Overachievers, & Maximum Likelihood EstimationThis week Patrick and Greg talk about maximum likelihood estimation: what it is, where it comes from, how it works, what it can do, and what it can't do. Along they way they also mention tour-bombing your kid, licking the turtle, Van Halen and AC/DC, orange mustaches, brandy snifter pong, bus #27, Ronnie Fisher, why people hate us, circus tents, night parachuting, flat spots, lazy parabolas, vanilla ice cream, and statistical bouncers. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-09-2055 minQuantitudeS3E27: Propensity Scores -- I Meant To Do That!In this week's episode Patrick and Greg get to hang out with Noah Greifer from the Institute for Quantitative Social Sciences at Harvard University to delve into the fascinating world of propensity scores: what they are, how we obtain them, and how they can be thoughtfully used to strengthen our causal inferences. Along the way we also mention Popular Woodworking, fixing things on the back end, hiding your own Easter eggs, 18 hour warnings, easy undergrad majors, Meyers-Briggs career predictions, picking an ideal advisor, SASholes, demyelination, hearing asterisks, being an ANCOVist, the 11th Commandment, what keeps you up at night...2022-04-1957 minQuantitudeS3E24: The Wright Stuff – The Beauty of Path Tracing RulesIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg explore Sewall Wright's path tracing rules as an alternative to covariance and matrix algebra, including how the rules work and the tremendous insights they can provide toward understanding a model. Along the way they also discuss the Unabomber, Crate & Barrel, grocery lane profiling, tedious as poop, throwing dead cats, senior animal husbandman, using your fingers, creepy guy in an alley, sweat pants vs. suits of armor, getaway car drivers, hold my Guinea pig, chalkboard contests, Western Kansas, and getting tased. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: q...2022-03-291h 00QuantitudeS3E23: The Mättrix Part II: Using Matrices To Our AdvantageIn this week's episode Greg and Patrick continue their discussion from last week in The Mättrix Part Deux, exploring the magic of matrices including estimation, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors. Along the way they also mention flawed audio transcripts, 50 Shades of Greg, drunkenly shoving a matrix, drug mules, things you need, isomorphic interdigitation, plywood and tennis balls, heroin-filled condoms, talking to volleyballs, bawitdaba da bang a dang diggy diggy, meat grinders, not going to prom, vector bouquets, and The Wright Stuff. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @qua...2022-03-0853 minQuantitudeS3E22: The Mättrix Part I: Defining & Manipulating MatricesIn this first of two episodes, Patrick and Greg lay the foundations of matrix algebra, mathematically and geometrically, and start connecting these important underlying ideas to statistics. Along the way, they also mention STDs, the 110 to the 10 to the 405, mystics, skin bags of water, vector Victor, Tac flashlights on misty nights, remembering mnemonics, Stephen Hawking, Bilbo Baggins, and Greg's sultry voice. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-03-0156 minQuantitudeS3E20: The Rise of Machine Learning in the Social Sciences with Doug SteinleyPatrick and Greg discuss the rise of machine learning in the social sciences with guest Doug Steinley, Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Missouri at Columbia and current editor of the APA journal Psychological Methods. Along the way they also mention funeral expenses, Swedish massage, Amy the Chatbot, irony versus coincidence, lavender bath bombs, varmint removal, Planet of the Apes, Voltron, the Cookie Monster, theory smoothies, Bugs Bunny and Yosemite Sam, ironing your Christmas paper, and meat grinders.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube...2022-02-1551 minQuantitudeS3E18: Aunt Roz's Guide to Latent Means ModelsIn this week's episode Patrick and Greg discuss latent means models to conduct group mean comparisons while controlling for measurement error, which gives you more power and more accurate standardized effect size estimates. Along the way, they also mention Aunt Roz, table 8, naughty pigs, crossing the streams, big twinkies, asbestos, It's a Small World, churros, 1974 Sweden, Greg's Swedish coach, ghosts, the primrose path, SAT-level words, and humble pirates. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-02-0154 minQuantitudeS3E16: Your COVID Rapid Test Result: Are You Positive You're Positive?In today's episode, Patrick and Greg use the context of COVID rapid tests to discuss issues of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicted values, and the generally questionable utility of test accuracy information. Along the way they also mention escape rooms, C4, Embassy Suites, palak paneer, 93% accurate, astragali, SAT prep courses, the volume of a cone, risk and burden, and digging up the Rev. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2022-01-1844 minQuantitudeS3E14: Patrick & Greg's New Year's Balls DropPatrick and Greg, perched in a glass booth high above New York's Times Square, ring in 2022 with the help of some friends by counting down quantitative New Year’s resolutions.Along the way they also mention QPod catheters, Dr. Ruth Westheimer, groin height, yelling at NPR, Shimmer, O’Nuckles, intellectual gooses, European Quanterati, smoldering corpses, Dilbert, Dom Perignon, quant club, organ grinders, and non-contiguous sub-4-minute miles.Special thanks to: Rajiv Amarnani, Sam Cacace, Mashael Dewan, Nathan Lutz, Daniel Moriarity, Danny Lee, and Ethan McCormick. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web p...2021-12-1443 minQuantitudeS3E12: The History of Measurement: A Conversation with Derek BriggsPatrick and Greg have an in-depth conversation with Derek Briggs, from the University of Colorado, about his new book exploring the fascinating and at times uncomfortable history of measurement and the people who helped develop methods we still use today. Along the way they also mention: outsourcing parenting, where do babies come from, hearing colors, teacher strikes, blowing things up, Morgan Freeman, penguins, driving students nuts, horrible people, quantitative imperatives, and cutting bait.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-11-3054 minQuantitudeS3E11: The Cons and the Cons of Median SplitsGreg and Patrick talk about median splits and other ways that continuous variables might be categorized to simplify analyses, and the often very high cost of doing so. Along the way they also mention Never Have I Ever, hand cuffs, gold hoop earrings, bungee jumping, Erik, Henry and Penny, having a mini, chug jugs, Hill Street Blues, med kits and bandages, Patrick's mind's eye, Isn't It Ironic, leveling up, asteroids, and gophmunks. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-11-1656 minQuantitudeS3E10: Observation and ExplorationPatrick and Greg discuss the often forgotten importance of observation and exploration for the purpose of suggesting patterns and forming hypotheses, which can later be refined and rigorously tested within the framework of our well-developed confirmatory machinery. Along the they way they also discuss Orlando road trips, our inner child, crappy glue, melted chocolate, leaning into the pitch, even a penny, 3-by-5 therapy cards, Law & Order, Easy Rider, 200 million digits of pi, The Illuminati, the first rule of Confirmatory Club, aircraft bullet holes, and Karl and Tom. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: q...2021-11-0958 minQuantitudeS3E09: Semi-Partially Clarifying Measures of Association in RegressionPatrick and Greg answer a mailbag question about some foundational principles of regression and correlation, specifically the differences among correlation, standardized regression weights, semi-partial correlations, and partial correlations. They also check in with someone from Season 2: Amanda Montoya's undergrad mentee, Kat. Along the way, they also mention: Ap Olo Gies, mocking by text, particle transporters, walk like an Egyptian, spicing up parties, getting Curraned, your plus one, visuals in an audio format, great faces for podcasting, George Clooney, Beaker, and fool me once. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod Y...2021-11-0251 minQuantitudeS3E08: Statistical Degrees of Freedom... An Intimate StrangerIn today's episode Patrick and Greg talk about statistical degrees of freedom: what they represent, how they are computed, and the importance they play in daily life. Along the way they also mention color blindness, the Skinnylicious menu, Kevin Bacon, Elmo's Diner, the flatties, Amtrak, drinking Guinness at room temperature, sudoku, courage, paying the reaper, Karl Popper's corpse, needing 152% on your final exam, and famous grandfathers. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-10-2659 minQuantitudeS3E04: Two Time Point Data: What Is Your Quest?Patrick and Greg talk about the potential advantages and disadvantages of alternative approaches to analyzing two time-point data. They discuss traditional models for raw and residualized change scores, and describe how each of these remains baked into the soul of contemporary models for repeated measures data. Along the way they also mention: 24 inch pizza pans, movie fails, being otherwise sophisticated, beer bongs, witches, third grade math, emails from PETA, glorious histories, hairy eyeballs, and who do I see about that. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @qu...2021-09-281h 00QuantitudeS3E02: Johnson-Neyman Regions of SignificanceIn this episode, Patrick leads Greg and the rest of us through the incredibly cool and powerful topic of regions of significance, a way to help unpack under what moderating conditions treatments and variable relations are statistically significant. Along the way, they also mention: parallelism, Olivia Newton-John, going to the wrong church, laws in Vermont, pick-a-point, nan-aaaah-meters, the whack-a-doodle package of the month, kindergarten math deficiencies, the crossing guard creed, and the rosary landspeed record. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-09-071h 02QuantitudeS3E01: Leaping to Statistical Conclusion ValidityIn the inaugural episode of Season 3, Patrick and Greg argue (more than usual) about statistical conclusion validity: what it is, what affects it, and how it fits in with other types of validity. Along the way they also mention: FrogFest2021, fostering illusions, coughing up a thorax, entrée vs. entry, 50 hours of community service, 8-hour depositions, statistical herpes, and Cheese Cake Factory menus and calorie counts. Oh, and… the sax is back!Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-08-3159 minQuantitudeS2E36: A Fireside History of Quant, Part 2Nursing their SPF-defying sunburns from SummerQamp 1, Patrick and Greg now find themselves in the woods by a roaring campfire, covered in bug spray. In this second summer installment they transition from previous conversations about the origins of statistics to the incredibly cool and often concurrent history of measurement. Grab a stick, pull up a log, and come roast a marshmallow with us!Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-07-2059 minQuantitudeS2E35: A Poolside History of Quant, Part IAfter completely blowing an ambitious summer schedule of weekly episodes, Patrick and Greg sit poolside and shoot the breeze about the fascinating history of quantitative methods. No, for real; it’s actually fascinating. Anyway, they start with some of the old gamblers from the 1600s and work their way through the early decades of the 20th century. This discussion sets the stage nicely for a future summer episode, at least in theory given how long it took to get this one out. HappySummer!Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org Twi...2021-06-291h 05QuantitudeS2E33: Truth, Balderdash, and Construct ValidityIn this episode Patrick and Greg construct a deconstruction of the construct of construct validity. Constructively. Along the way they also discuss Jacques, sheep STDs, Bill Clinton, college admissions, touching a giant turtle, butwinking, cadaver bingo, nomological networks, teen spirit, playing drop-the-hanky, ticket to the prom, and lipstick on a pig. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-05-0457 minQuantitudeS2E31: Quantitude HaiQ / Metaphor for Team Science / Plus Intern IssuesPatrick and Greg celebrate international haiku day with listener-submitted HaiQs, and somehow tie that to a discussion of team science, all while interviewing intern applicant Ethan McCormick. Along the way they also discuss Googling as research, cheddar fries, Big Lima Bean, Mc vs. Mac, moody loners in Montana cabins, English particle accelerators, the Boulder Model, a research prenup, the green room, getting voluntold, the cheese stands alone, quant poetry slam, Guns n Roses, and playing the orchestra. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-04-201h 01QuantitudeS2E29: Multilevel Models -- The Often Unnecessary Green MonsterPatrick and Greg fulfill a legal obligation to interview the unnecessarily ubiquitous Dr. Dan McNeish of Arizona State University about why you probably don't need to use multilevel modeling even when you have multilevel data. Along the way they also mention MacNair, safety schools, the Green Monster, driving a Corvette across the country, Compensation Club, anklet shocks, endogeneity, frunks, Tom Brady's middle name, and de-meaning. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-03-3058 minQuantitudeS2E27: (re)Connecting With Discrete DataIn this episode Patrick and Greg discuss the challenges of having ordered categorical data, as well as the seemingly magical limited information and full information analytical options to deal with such data. Along the way they also discuss sky cranes, the Mars Climate Orbiter, metric vs. imperial units of measurement, Lockheed-Martin, left hands and right hands, the A380, 6-inch extension cords, Home Depot, billion dollar shooting stars, being unidextrous, playing the recorder, star wipe, Jell-O molds, throbbing and pulsating distributions, Fast Pass walk of shame, Monarch notes, mahnamahna, and 1.7. Stay in contact with Quantitude! W...2021-03-161h 00QuantitudeS2E25: Options for Small SamplesIn this episode Patrick and Greg talk about the dreaded but often very real case of having a small sample size: what you should watch out for, and what options you have to squeeze the most information and inferential potential from your precious data. Along the way they also mention Name That Tune, Space Mountain, the Tiki Room, parapraxis, extraordinary least squares, Applebee's, B words, Eeyore, the psychological science accelerator, and Yoink!Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-03-0259 minQuantitudeS2E23: Research Questions About VariabilityPatrick and Greg talk about variability — both within individuals and within groups — as a source of really interesting and often overlooked research questions, to complement our well-developed skillset for studying means. Along the way, they also mention: Natatoriums, finding your spot, picking at a scab, the Polkaholics, Location Scale models, high-fiving statisticians, Inception, cooking with gas, Corvettes, fingernails in the dashboard, Kai Ryssdal, your grandfather’s stock, parenting consistency, and leaving Patrick unattended in your office. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-02-1656 minQuantitudeS2E22: Outliers -- And Then Things Got WeirdIn this episode Greg and Patrick embark on a sometimes unhinged discussion of outlying and influential observations: where do they come from, how are they identified, and what do we do with them. Along the way they also discuss the outlier bell, stubbornness, pre-holiday grievances, Polly, Sesame Street, being more less likely, Greg's freak brother, operas, Nebraska cornfields, talking to volleyballs, stepping on rakes, name that dissertation, butt cramps, and acetone. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-02-091h 00QuantitudeS2E21: Yes, Virginia... There ARE Latent VariablesIn this episode Patrick and Greg talk about latent variables: what they are, why we care, and under what circumstances we can analyze them directly. Along the way they also discuss: BWI, dadgic, Patrick's bromance, the economy, Chris Botti, inter-planetary probes, Gronk, 118 degree dry heat, the evil eye, and Dora the Explorer.Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-02-021h 00QuantitudeS2E19: Pulling Back The Curtain On TenureIn today’s episode, Patrick and Greg talk about the tenure process: what it is, why it exists, how they see it, and some thoughts that might be helpful on the journey, fully realizing that institutions and fields are different, so your mileage may vary. Along the way, they also mention Fermat's Theorem, Ten Year, The Wizard, Flying Monkeys, the child catcher, water on rocks, fat old bald men, intellectual punches in the face, Charlie Brown Fails Tenure, 70% of zero, Cosmic Cantina, research quality as a latent variable, MultiInterTransDisciplinairy research, throwing grants on the fire, Marlo Thomas (she’s baaa...2021-01-191h 00QuantitudeS2E18: Regression -- Like That Old High School Friend You've OutgrownIn this episode Patrick and Greg compare and contrast multiple regression and the structural equation model and argue that although regression has brought us far, there are numerous reasons to turn to the SEM to continue to drive us forward. Along the way they also address gad flies, the Louisiana Purchase, Kool-Aid, high school friends, spring break, STDs, Southwest Airlines, radial arm saws, courage, buying paint at Home Depot, Agatha and Karl's corpses, and 737s vs. DC-3s. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2021-01-1258 minQuantitudeS2E15: Ethics in Quantitative ResearchIn this episode Patrick and Greg explore the many faces of ethics in quantitative research, particularly as related to issues that arise in the day-to-day analytical decisions we make. In that spirit, Quantitude has an ethical obligation to warn listeners that they also discuss speedometers, rushing and dragging, shoplifting, calling me Shirley, asteroids vs. pinball, apple pie, Beneficence and Non-malefeasance playing tonight at the cat's cradle, forgetting things are illegal, stringing barbed wire, dotting T's and crossing I's, and horse fighting. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod M...2020-12-081h 00QuantitudeS2E12: Post-Publication Review -- Patrick's Truly Horrible IdeaGreg and Patrick discuss Patrick's potentially horrible idea for post-publication review, in which a journal is created for the sole purpose of reviewing the soundness of the quantitative methods used in papers that have already been published in flagship journals. Hair-brained scheme, or sheer genius? You be the judge. Along the way they also mention driving without headlights, homemade explosives, modified wheelchairs, the IJCC, guacamole at Margaret's Cantina, dishwashers and JetDry, the IAD, blind pigs and acorns, the 15 commandments, and Jamaican bobsleds. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @q...2020-11-101h 00QuantitudeS2E10: Type I TerrorGreg and Patrick talk about the control of Type I error rate. Well, more like... they say stuff, change their minds, say stuff, change their minds... and in the end — spoiler alert — reach no unified conclusion whatsoever. But they do manage to hit a number of the relevant issues around Type I error control, albeit largely accidentally and inconsistently. Along the way, they also mention porch witches, furries, cereal killers, neuralizers, why some TAs deserve hazard pay, lawyering-up, rocking chairs in unison, how Patrick controls the pet population, all things Scottish, and yellow lights. Stay in contact...2020-10-271h 01QuantitudeS2E09: MANOVA Must DiePatrick and Greg hold a traditional Irish funeral for multivariate analysis of variance, starting with a heartfelt eulogy in front of family and friends in the church and then moving to a more honest reckoning with Mom and Aunt Dotty at the reception in the school gym following the service. Along with a celebration of a life questionably well lived, they also discuss Ned Devine, mildly inebriated priests, champagne supernovas, the four British actors, eugoogalies, leeches, cowardice, senescence, legal disclaimers, bringing out your dead, and Danny Boy. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: q...2020-10-2056 minQuantitudeS2E08: Mediation and the Art of Squid SpleeningIn this episode Patrick and Greg follow up last week’s discussion of moderation by tackling its partner in crime, mediation, including causal challenges, ways of testing, and how they think about it as part of a larger analytical system. Along the way they also manage to discuss word association, personal grievances, light switches, the Concord, sharp sticks, hats and horses, getting shivved, and Jeff Spicoli. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2020-10-1358 minQuantitudeS2E06: Applying for Jobs: Unsolicited Advice from Uncle Greg and the Guy in the Yellow ShirtPatrick and Greg offer completely unsolicited career advice as you identify and apply for positions following your doctoral training. They discuss what to consider when selecting where to apply as well as drafting personal statements, CVs, letters of recommendation, and research statements. Along the way they also comment on World War II quiz shows, eHarmony and tinder, the long con, mortgaging retirements, morning research inspirations, the 3rd and 4th ribs, promptness, and academia as community dinner theater. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @quantitudepod YouTube: @quantitudepod Merch: redbubble.com 2020-09-291h 00QuantitudeS2E04: Bayesian Wake Up Call with Roy LevyPatrick and Greg impulsively launch the inaugural segment of "Quantitude Wake Up Call" where they forget how longitude works and call Bayesian expert Roy Levy at 5:40 in the morning. Although somewhat rattled, Roy helps the Quantidudes better understand Bayesian inference and describes the many ways that this approach can help move our science forward. Along the way they discuss Jedi mind tricks, the birds and the bees, time zones, Virgos, the Dark Side, cowards, subjectivity, lecturing bus drivers, sideways fish, and statistical pop-up books. Stay in contact with Quantitude! Web page: quantitudepod.org TwitterX: @q...2020-09-1558 minQuantitudeS2E02: The Auto-Regressive Cross-Lagged Horror Picture ShowPatrick and Greg open with a disagreement about time travel movies, which then somehow devolves into a discussion of alternative approaches to modeling longitudinal data. They agree that a core issue to consider is the separation of within-person and between-person components of change over time, both theoretically and analytically. Throughout the discussion they also mention antici-, hot tub time machine, chipmunks, garbage disposals, digging up John Stuart Mill, whiteboard problems, cats and laser pointers, Roz from Monsters Inc. (she's back!), 3-D dinosaur posters, licking a hot burner, 30th place ribbons, and -pation. Stay in contact with Q...2020-09-011h 00