Shows
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastEp. 46- Tips to Reading Biblical PoetryIn this episode I talk about six traits of biblical poetry that you should know in order to understand books like Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, and much more. I also recommend consulting books like "Words of Delight" by Leland Ryken and "For the Love of God's Word" by Andreas Kostenberger and Richard Patterson.2025-02-2845 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastHow to Make Use of Your Bible's Cross References (Ep. 45)There are a lot of weird abbreviations and letters and numbers in the footnotes of your Bible. Maybe you have noticed them before, but they are too overwhelming and confusing. It doesn't take a lot to utilize these and make sense of them. And once you do understand them, they can be quite helpful to your Bible study. This podcast episode is based on an article from Five Minute Bible Study. The article link is pasted below if you would like to read it in full.Article: https://fiveminutebiblestudy.com/elementor-5010/2024-12-1655 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastThe Key to Reading 2 Corinthians (Ep. 44)2 Corinthians is is a top 3 neglected book in the New Testament. Have you ever read it? And if so, do you feel like you have a good handle on the book and what it's about? Most Christians would probably say "No." Aaron shares a very important key to reading the book with clarity and understanding, making sense of some of the otherwise haphazard subjects that come up in the course of the letter.2024-12-0937 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastThe Passover Ritual w/ Jayce Lee (Ep. 43)3:45- The Main Dish w/ Jayce Lee. We talk about the Passover ritual, what the ritual consisted of and three main takeaways from this Old Testament ceremony that are relevant to our faith today. Ultimately, this study helps the Christian answer the question "What saves?" Find out this and more in this episode.2024-10-2145 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastPorn In Marriages w/ Greg Gay (Ep. 42)Greg Gay has done a lot of marriage counseling during his life in the church. He is also an evangelist of the gospel that has traveled far and wide and has seen how sin affects marriages across cultures. It's the same sin. In this episode, Greg talks about the harmful effects of porn on marriages and how to combat it.We discuss difficult scenarios towards the end. If you are a woman married to a man who is looking at porn and is not willing to quit, you will want to listen to this segment....2024-09-1250 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastDid God Supernaturally Act to Save Me in 2018? (Ep. 41)In 2018 I almost drowned. I came seconds from dying, but I had two rescuers who acted quickly and saved me in the nick of time. Did God act in a supernatural way to provide my salvation that day? What can we learn from the Bible to answer this question? That's the aim of this brief podcast episode. 2024-08-1232 min
Pure and Simple Bible256 | Must I Be A Member Of A Local Church? Part 2 of 2 (with Aaron Battey)(2 of 2) “Must I be a member of a local church?” That is such a great question. You may have a lot of reasons for asking it. Join guest Aaron Battey from www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com as he and Jonathan process this question and the various reasons behind it in a conversational format.
Links:
(1) Help make PSB better: become a Patron at www.patreon.com/PureandSimpleBible. You’ll get some behind the scenes access to the podcast and videos, opportunities to vote for future content, and most importantly the joy of partnering and encouraging Jonathan to continue to produce pure and simple conver...2024-07-3127 min
Chapel Grove Church Podcast#27 Did God Supernaturally Save Donald TrumpMany evangelical conservatives believe that Donald Trump was saved by a divine act of God. They believe he has a special purpose by God to restore America to its Christian roots. Aaron Battey examines some of the motivations that might lead someone to believe this, and he tries to compare those motivations with scripture. Find out the answer in today's episode. 2024-07-2928 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTransgenderism: An Honest Conversation w/ Noah Wall PART 3 (Ep. 40)This is the THIRD and final part of this conversation with Noah Wall about transgenderism. Here we discuss the 6th and 7th objections that are commonly brought up in defense of transgenderism. Make yourself equipped and ready to understand and defend the truth by finishing this series. We hope that the ending also inspires you the spirit of love that this message is packaged with. Noah and Aaron affirm that they have a sincere love for the truth and trans people, but that doesn't mean rewriting the truth or telling people lies because it might make them feel better...2024-07-2232 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTransgenderism: An Honest Conversation w/ Noah Wall PART 2 (Ep. 39)In PART 2 Noah and Aaron get into actual objections commonly brought up by the transgender community in defense of this ideology and lifestyle. Noah and Aaron respond to these objections systematically and thoroughly, using the scriptures where appropriate. Objections 1-5 are covered in PART 2.2024-07-1651 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTransgenderism: An Honest Conversation w/ Noah Wall PART 2 (Ep. 39)In PART 2 Noah and Aaron get into actual objections commonly brought up by the transgender community in defense of this ideology and lifestyle. Noah and Aaron respond to these objections systematically and thoroughly, using the scriptures where appropriate. Objections 1-5 are covered in PART 2.2024-07-1651 min
Pure and Simple Bible255 | Must I Be A Member Of A Local Church? Part 1 of 2 (with Aaron Battey)(1 of 2) “Must I be a member of a local church?” That is such a great question. You may have a lot of reasons for asking it. Join guest Aaron Battey from www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com as he and Jonathan process this question and the various reasons behind it in a conversational format.
Links:
(1) Help make PSB better: become a Patron at www.patreon.com/PureandSimpleBible. You’ll get some behind the scenes access to the podcast and videos, opportunities to vote for future content, and most importantly the joy of partnering and encouraging Jonathan to continue to produce pure and simple conver...2024-07-1531 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTransgenderism: An Honest Conversation w/ Noah Wall PART 1 (Ep. 38)Noah Wall, a close friend of the podcast, comes on to have an honest conversation about the issue of transgenderism. This is a conversation grounded in truth and reason. These are qualities most lacking in the transgender philosophy. Noah recently presented a talk "What Is Male & Female?" He takes some of the truths from this talk, and we converse about them in a more relaxed engagement of minds.2024-06-2541 minChapel Grove Church Podcast#22: Is It Wrong to Judge Others?In this podcast episode, the topic of judging others is explored in light of Matthew 7:1-5. The passage is often misquoted and misunderstood, leading to confusion about whether it is wrong to judge. The episode clarifies that Jesus is condemning hypocritical judgment, not all forms of judgment. Hypocritical judgment occurs when we try to correct someone's sin while neglecting our own. However, there are times when we are commanded to judge, including judging ourselves, others, and the words that are spoken. The importance of gathering all the facts, having a biblical mindset, and approaching judgment with humility is emphasized...2024-05-2829 min
Pure and Simple Bible242 | Let's Talk About Porn & The Church: part 2 of 2 (with Aaron Battey)(2 of 2) In the fall of 2023, I (Jonathan) had the privilege of being interviewed by Aaron Battey (www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com) as a part of his 30-day effort to help equip Christians against pornography. Aaron graciously allowed me to repost the interview for my PSB listeners. This is a necessary and direct conversation. It is not flippant nor crass, but parents may want to listen to it before allowing little ears to hear. I leave it to you, dear listener, to use wisdom and discretion.
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Links:
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(1) Check out Aaron's website for the many resources he provides at: www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com
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(2) Help make...2024-03-0437 min
Pure and Simple Bible241 | Let's Talk About Porn & The Church: part 1 of 2 (with Aaron Battey)(1 of 2) In the fall of 2023, I (Jonathan) had the privilege of being interviewed by Aaron Battey (www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com) as a part of his 30-day effort to help equip Christians against pornography. Aaron graciously allowed me to repost the interview for my PSB listeners. This is a necessary and direct conversation. It is not flippant nor crass, but parents may want to listen to it before allowing little ears to hear. I leave it to you, dear listener, to use wisdom and discretion.
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Links:
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(1) Check out Aaron's website for the many resources he provides at: www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com
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(2) Help make...2024-03-0440 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastMore Bible Reading Tips (Ep. 37)In this episode, I give three benefits to Bible reading (4:47), 15 Bible reading tips (12:25), and one Bible reading fallacy many people express (40:45).2024-01-2752 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWorking with Men to Beat Porn & the Effectiveness of Support Groups w/ Kelan Owen (Ep. 36)This is the third and final podcast that is part of "The Truth About Porn" newsletter, and today’s featured episode is a guest interview with Kelan Owen of Oklahoma. I believe Kelan is 22 yrs. old. He has personal history with pornography that he speaks about openly in the first part of our conversation, but he is also involved in a very important work focused on a support group with men battling with porn. 2023-11-3032 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastPornography & the Church w/ Jonathan Edwards (Ep. 35)This podcast episode is part of the 30 Days of the Truth About Porn newsletter by FMBS. Jonathan graciously agreed to come on the podcast and talk candidly about the subject as it relates to the church and how we, as a church, respond to and think about this issue when it comes to real Christians who sit next to us. Perhaps we are the very ones who struggle with this sin. Here are five questions that I (Aaron) ask Jonathan during our podcast discussion:1. Question: Generally, what are your first thoughts about the issue of...2023-11-231h 10
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastExercising Godliness: What We Can Spiritually Learn from Physical Fitness PART 2 (Ep. 34)This is a continuation of the conversation with Chance Dyer about the parallels between spiritual and physical fitness. Go back and catch PART 1 which was a discussion about what the Bible has to say in regards to physical exercise.2023-11-0239 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastExercising Godliness: What We Can Spiritually Learn from Physical Fitness PART 1 (Ep. 33)Chance Dyer rejoins the podcast after a long drought. We talk about exercising our bodies and how this practice teaches us so much about spiritual discipline as Paul alludes to several places in scripture (1 Tim. 4:7-8). And maybe you haven't considered how many times Paul alludes to athletics and exercise in his epistles. In this PART 1, we go through all the passages that discuss or allude physical exercise, before we start drawing practical parallels to spiritual discipline in the follow-up episode.2023-10-2337 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastThe Stigma of Talking About Porn in the Church w/ Matt Tison (Ep. 32)In this episode I have on special guest Matt Tison to talk about the stigma that surrounds talking about porn in the church, especially on a public platform. We discuss some of the reasons this is and why it must change. We go from there to talk about building a "confessing culture" in our local congregations. We need people to feel comfortable, not with their sin, but with confessing that sin to other brothers and sister. I finally ask Matt what you should tell someone who comes to confess their porn habit. What should you say? What should you...2023-10-131h 08
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBeing a Christian in the Nursing World, Avoiding Sin in the ER & More w/ Mike Hernandez (Ep. 31)10:13- Mike talks about common temptations Christians have to face in the nursing profession.22:08- Mike shares from his experience and knowledge base in nursing leadership, explains some qualities of a good nursing manager and how those same traits translate well into church leadership.33:34- How does a Christian nurse deal with the 24/7 nature of healthcare and talking to their manager about working on Sunday?48:35- Funny nursing stories.2023-09-1556 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastPeer Pressure at Work, in Morals, in Entertainment, in Faith, in Friendships (Ep. 30)2:50- Chas Lankford talks about sharing one's faith and the balance of loving self vs. loving others.17:56- Luke Goad discusses peer pressure in work and entertainment.37:51- Carter Stephens talks about the pressure to conform in morals.2023-09-0749 min
Retro Sports Radio: Classic Games from History1963 MLB All-Star Game - Radio Broadcast7/9/1963 - MLB All-Star Game - Cleveland Stadium - 1963 marked the first time in 5 years that only one game was played at the midseason break. The game took place at Cleveland Stadium in front of only 44,000 in a ballpark that could hold twice as many. It didn't help that the Indians entered the break in 6th place, and their only representative on the all-star team was "Mudcat" Grant , who didn't even see any action. the game was notable however in that Stan Musial made his 24th and final appearance in the all-star game. And youngster Carl Yastrzemski would...2023-07-122h 51
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastThe Refurbished Earth, New Heavens & New Earth in Isaiah, Revelation, Peter, and Romans (Ep. 29)3:17- In this episode we talk about a popular and relevant topic that is "The New Heavens and the New Earth." This phrase comes from Isaiah 65 & 66, but is elaborated upon in the New Testament books of 2 Peter and Revelation. The Refurbished Earth position takes a certain slant on this phrase and explains what the eternal resting place of God's people will be like...on a literal earth after judgment. We get in to this and give short explanations of the most popular passages used to defend this position.2023-05-2351 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastActs 8, The Samaritans Baptized, Receiving the Holy Spirit (Ep. 28)3:17- The Main Dish- In this episode I tell the story of Philip preaching Christ to the city of Samaria, the conversion of a magician of dark arts (Simon the Sorcerer), and the interesting thing that happened afterward. The Bible says, "They had only been baptized," indicating that they had not yet received the gift of the Holy Spirit at that point. This is a very helpful chapter to understand the relationship between baptism, salvation, and the gift of the Holy Spirit.2023-04-2738 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastFigurative Language, The Seven Spirits of God & the New Jerusalem (Ep. 27)In this episode I talk about six common sense rules for interpreting figurative language in scripture. We discuss several Bible passages in the process, including Revelation 5:6 and Ch. 21 where the New Heavens and New Earth are discussed. If you don't know what to think about a word or phrase in scripture, whether it is meant literally or figuratively, this is a must listen.2023-04-0642 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastOne-On-One Evangelism w/ David Jordan (Ep. 26)In this episode, I talk with fellow evangelist David Jordan from San Antonio, TX. He shares personal expertise and knowledge on personal evangelism.3:13- Main Dish w/ David Jordan2023-03-2840 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastShall We Baptize Children? (Ep. 25)In this newest episode of the podcast, I introduce a new book coming out in January of 2023! Catch what it's all about, and in the process, find out some helpful things about making the decision to baptize your or someone else's child.1:47- Gospel Coffee (fake ad)2:42- The Main Dish: Shall We Baptize Children?2022-12-2132 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastCovenant Baptism of Infants (Ep. 24)In this brief episode we examine a denominational practice known as "covenant baptism" that is performed on infants. Did you know that most churches that practice baptism or christening of infants are not baptizing them to remove the sin guilt of Adam? Follow along and find out why they really do it in the episode.2022-10-2629 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTwo Preachers Discuss Abortion (Ep. 23)2:23- Beginning of Interview5:35- What is the spiritual significance of Roe v. Wade?10:00- What is fundamentally wrong with elective abortion?12:36- What are some good passages that teach life starts in the womb?21:28- What if the Virgin Mary had taken the morning after pill?26:15- What about situations where a woman is raped and impregnated? Is abortion sinful then?34:30- How do respond to the plethora of "WHAT IF" arguments from the Po-Choice position?39:45- What about the "My Body, My Choice"...2022-09-1957 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhat Country Music Teaches Us About the Bible w/ Aubrey Smith (Ep. 22)This is a special episode, one like never before, where I have guest Aubrey Smith from Harridsburg, IN on the show to break down some country music lyrics that attempt to teach biblical truth but come up short...very short. Aubrey does a great shedding some light on country music, old and new, and it's just a fun convo between the two of us altogether. The songs discussed are as follows:10:17- I Believe In You by Don Williams21:18- Worship You by Kane Brown30:13- This Is How We Roll by Florida...2022-09-0652 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastDating & Marriage Advice from a Single, Unmarried Dude (Ep. 21)Undoubtedly I am overqualified to be giving out dating and marriage advice. So, I decided to go to the Bible for help. In this study we examine some key points from Genesis 2:15-24 that help us understand biblical principles for dating and marriage that are relevant to every Christian out there.2022-08-2554 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastThe Physical & Spiritual Risks of Digital Technology on Young Children & Christians w/ Aaron Studdard (Ep. 20)In this conversation with Aaron Studdard, an evangelist from Peidmont, AL, we discuss the physical and spiritual consequences that come with allowing young children or youth in general to overindulge in digital technology (phones, tablets, TV, social media, etc.). Aaron is an former teacher, current high school principal, parent, and preacher of the gospel who has plenty of experience and wisdom from which to share godly insight on this very relevant topic for Christians. 2022-08-0354 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhy Doesn't Anyone Talk About Fasting? w/ Ed Daniel (Ep. 19)In this episode I interview Ed Daniel, an elder at the Chapel Grove Church of Christ. He shows from the Bible how much the scripture has to say about this spiritual discipline that has really been a neglected topic of discussion in many circles. We theorize as to why it is so infrequently discussed, but more importantly we discuss the spiritual benefits of it and some practical considerations for our listeners who will take this subject seriously.2022-07-1147 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhat Is Legalism? (Ep. 18)In this study we ask and answer the question, "What is legalism?" This phrase gets thrown around as a buzzword and a cancel term, but rarely does anyone define what they mean by it? In this study we discover four different definitions that the phrase operates under, and we try our best to establish which one is the best definition to go with.***Correction*** the last audio clip attributed to John MacArthur in this video is John Piper and NOT John MacArthur.Video/Audio CitationsWhat Is...2022-06-2159 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhat Does It Mean to be Justified by Grace Through Faithfulness? (Ep. 17)In this episode we discuss the biblical doctrine of justification by faith which is very important to establish before our next episode discussion about legalism. For a helpful flow to the episode, here are the six main points to the discussion on justification by faithfulness.False AssumptionsGrace as a Free GiftFaith as FaithfulnessDeclared RighteousnessSelf-RighteousnessDoes the system of justification negate the necessity of keeping law?Episode Time Stops1:38- Sunday Lunch Indulgences2:37- The Main Dish: What Does It Mean to be Justified by Grace Through Faithfulness?39:22- Foot...2022-06-1543 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastIs Porn a Scriptural Ground for Divorce? w/ Nathan Battey (Ep. 16)In Matthew 5:27-28 there is a famous statement of Jesus which reads, “You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ But I say to you that whoever looks at a woman to lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart." As a result of Jesus' wording in this passage and other scriptures about divorce being scriptural on the grounds of "adultery" (i.e., Matt. 19:9), many people question whether or not a spouse looking at porn is scriptural ground for divorcing them. Nathan Battey joins the show to share his in...2022-05-3143 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhy Expository Preaching Is a Must (Ep. 15)2:51- Bible Stories: King David Avenges the Gibeonites8:20- Commercial for PDA Therapy9:33- The Main Dish: Why Expository Preaching Is a Must2022-05-0944 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBible Study Fallacies: The Either-Or Fallacy (Ep. 14)2:36- Bible Stories: Elisha's Servant Sees8:40- Southern Phraseology10:00- The Main Dish: The Either-Or Fallacy. In this episode we talk about a very common argument fallacy that, once you understand what it is, you will start hearing it all the time. Learn how people often falsely present the interpretation options to a scripture as only having two logical options, when in fact that may or may not be the case. We discuss six passages specifically in teaching this fallacy.2022-05-0552 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastHow God Changed My Thinking w/ Chance Dyer (Ep. 13)In this episode we welcome back guest Chance Dyer to talk about his spiritual transformation journey by comparing what he knew about God and the Bible from before he was a Christian to now two years later. There's a lot to consume here as we examine "How God Changed My Thinking."3:51 Bible Stories: Jesus Walks on Water7:22 The Main Dish w/ Chance Dyer2022-04-2047 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBuilding Atomic Spiritual Habits w/ Trever Calvert (Ep. 12)In this episode I interview Trever Calvert for the first time as we talk about the finer details of building spiritual habits. 1:45- The Main Dish (Interview w/ Trever)2022-04-0556 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhat Wayne Wildes Taught Me About Evangelism (Ep. 11)This episode only has a Main Dish, no other segments. This is more of a tribute to a good friend and brother-in-Christ: Wayne Wildes. I (Aaron) share four things that Wayne taught me about life that were really teaching points about how to better evangelize to people.2022-03-2530 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastTen Exercises for the Christian Mind (Ep. 10)4:23- Bible Stories: Naaman the Leper13:40- Southern Phrase of the Day15:35- The Main Dish: Ten Exercises for the Christian Mind51:58- Foot In Mouth Syndrome2022-03-0255 min
Five Minute Bible Study Podcast30 Days of 1 John (Ep. 9)3:00- Bible Stories: Abraham Sacrifices Isaac9:01- The Main Dish: 30 Days of 1 John38:34- Foot In Mouth Syndrome: The Great Fall of 20172022-02-1541 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastFinding Yourself in Scripture (Ep. 8)4:00- Bible Stories: The Defeat at Ai13:11- The Main Dish: Finding Yourself in Scripture; How to Read the Bible Introspectively39:40- Foot in Mouth Syndrome2022-01-2544 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastKey Phrases to Understanding Prophecy (Ep. 7)3:05- Bible Stories: Jonathan, His Armor-Bearer & the Routing of the Philistines10:01- The Main Dish: Key Phrases to Understanding Prophecy44:46- Foot In Mouth Syndrome: When I Called All Newborns Ugly2022-01-1148 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBible Reading Tips & Starting Points w/ Chance Dyer (Ep. 6)1:48- The Main Dish: In this week's Main Dish, we welcome back guest podcaster Chance Dyer to discuss strategies, tips, and starting points for reading the Bible with understanding and consistency. If you have ever wanted to read the Bible but have said, "I just don't know where to start," this one is for you.34:04- The King James Only: this is a new segment/game between Aaron and his special guest. Each person has to ask the other one a question, and the question must be answered using exclusively King James vernacular.2021-12-2840 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastHow to Choose a Bible Translation (Ep. 5)4:02- Bible Stories: Jonah & the Whale (Large Fish)13:31- The Main Dish: How to Choose a Bible Translation49:58- Foot In Mouth Syndrome2021-12-1453 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastWhat Real Accountability Looks Like (Ep. 4)3:00- Bible Stories (Elisha & the Shunnemite Woman)12:00- The Main Dish (What Real Accountability Looks Like)41:35- Foot In Mouth Syndrome2021-11-2445 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastCan Christians Drink Alcohol w/ Chance Dyer (Ep. 3)3:44- The Story of Esther18:00- Can Christians Drink Alcohol w/ Chance Dyer45:19- Foot In Mouth Syndrome2021-10-2549 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBefore You Start Your Bible Study (Ep. 2)4:15- Elisha & the Case of the Miraculous Water12:23- Before You Start Your Bible Study31:10- Foot In Mouth Syndrome2021-10-0634 min
Five Minute Bible Study PodcastBelching Preachers and Hungry Lions (Ep. 1)In this first episode of the FMBS podcast we introduce the exact nature of the podcast, how each episode will be laid out, and then a little taste of each segment.5:36 - Daniel & the Lion's Den14:55 - The Main Dish, in this episode we talk about fostering the right attitude for proper Bible study and learning.36:45 - Foot In Mouth Syndrome, the second most embarrassing thing that has ever happened to me while preaching.2021-09-2340 min
Been There Read ThatReading With Aaron BatteyIn Part 2 of my interview with Aaron Battey we discuss reading goals, Bible reading plans, books that have had the greatest impact on his thinking (outside the Bible), books he recommends, study helps, tips, tools, and more. If you haven’t checked out Aaron’s website be sure to take a look @ www.fiveminutebiblestudy.com .
Books discussed this week include:
I Don’t Have Enough Faith to be an Atheist by Norman Geisler and Frank Turek
Drawing Water From The Wells of Salvation by Doug Edwards
Introduction to Biblical Studies by James E...2019-05-1535 minBeen There Read ThatInterview With Aaron Battey: Learning From The GreatsYoung aspiring evangelist Aaron Battey (a.k.a my brother) stopped in the studio today to discuss the training he has recently undergone with two evangelists in preparation for going into the field full-time.. In particular, reading assignments and tools that he was introduced to along the way.
2019-05-0624 min