Shows
Astro arXiv | all categoriesThe origin of star-forming rings in S0 galaxiesThe origin of star-forming rings in S0 galaxies by J. L. Tous et al. on Monday 21 November
Spatially resolved IFS maps in a sample of $532$ S0 galaxies from the MaNGA
survey have unveiled the existence of inner rings ($\langle R\rangle\sim
1\,R_\mathrm{e}$) betraying ongoing star formation in a number of these
objects. Activity gradients averaged over bins of galactocentric radius up to
$\sim 1.5\,R_\mathrm{e}$ have been measured in the subspace defined by the
first two principal components of the optical spectra of these galaxies. We
find that the gradients sign is closely related to the...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISSEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS by Adina D. Feinstein et al. on Monday 21 November
Transmission spectroscopy provides insight into the atmospheric properties
and consequently the formation history, physics, and chemistry of transiting
exoplanets. However, obtaining precise inferences of atmospheric properties
from transmission spectra requires simultaneously measuring the strength and
shape of multiple spectral absorption features from a wide range of chemical
species. This has been challenging given the precision and wavelength coverage
of previous observatories. Here, we present the transmission spectrum of the
Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b obtained using the SOSS mode of the...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesRocky histories: The effect of high excitations on the formation of rocky planetsRocky histories: The effect of high excitations on the formation of rocky planets by Jennifer Scora et al. on Monday 21 November
Rocky planets both in and outside of our solar system are observed to have a
range of core-mass fractions (CMFs). Imperfect collisions can preferentially
strip mantle material from a planet, changing its CMF, and are therefore
thought to be the most likely cause of this observed CMF variation. However,
previous work that implements these collisions into N-body simulations of
planet formation has struggled to reliably form high CMF super-Earths. In this
work, we specify our initial conditions and simulation...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9bA strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b by Bob Jacobs et al. on Monday 21 November
We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest
transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field
Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope.
We complement these data with literature information on stellar pulsations
and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
eclipse depths of this target to obtain a broadband thermal emission spectrum.
Our extracted spectrum exhibits a clear turnoff at 1.4$\mu$m. This points to
H$...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesKinetically stabilized inflationKinetically stabilized inflation by Changhong Li et al. on Monday 21 November
In this work, we propose a string-inspired two fields inflation model to
address the fine-tuning problem that the standard inflation model suffers. The
fast-rolling tachyon $\mathcal{T}$ originated from the D-brane and anti-D-brane
pair annihilation locks the inflaton $\varphi$ slowly rolling on a Higgs-like
potential $V(\varphi)=-m_\varphi^2\varphi^2+\lambda \varphi^4$ and drives a
kinetically stabilized (KS) inflation. Our numerical simulation confirms such a
solution is a dynamic attractor. In particular, for $\lambda< 0.8\times
10^{-3}$, the e-folding number contributed by the KS inflation phase can be
larger than $62$...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesVoid Lensing in Cubic Galileon GravityVoid Lensing in Cubic Galileon Gravity by Chen Su et al. on Monday 21 November
Weak lensing studies via cosmic voids are a promising probe of Modified
Gravity (MG). The Excess Surface mass Density (ESD) is widely used as a lensing
statistics in weak lensing researches. In this paper we use the ray-tracing
method to study the ESD around voids in simulations based on the Cubic Galileon
(CG) gravity. With the compilation of N-body simulation and ray-tracing method,
changes on the structure formation and deflection angle resulting from MG can
both be considered, making the extraction of lensing signals more realistic...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA unified model for the co-evolution of galaxies and their circumgalactic medium: the relative roles of turbulence and atomic cooling physicsA unified model for the co-evolution of galaxies and their circumgalactic medium: the relative roles of turbulence and atomic cooling physics by Viraj Pandya et al. on Monday 21 November
The circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a pivotal role in regulating gas flows
around galaxies and thus shapes their evolution. However, the details of how
galaxies and their CGM co-evolve remain poorly understood. We present a new
time-dependent two-zone model that self-consistently tracks not just mass and
metal flows between galaxies and their CGM but also the evolution of the global
thermal and turbulent kinetic energy of the CGM. Our model accounts...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDirect Evidence of Photochemistry in an Exoplanet AtmosphereDirect Evidence of Photochemistry in an Exoplanet Atmosphere by Shang-Min Tsai et al. on Monday 21 November
Photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that is
integral to habitability, atmospheric composition and stability, and aerosol
formation. However, no unambiguous photochemical products have been detected in
exoplanet atmospheres to date. Here we show that photochemically produced
sulphur dioxide (SO$_2$) is present in the atmosphere of the hot, giant
exoplanet WASP-39b, as constrained by data from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet
Early Release Science Program and informed by a suite of photochemical models.
We find that SO$_2$ is produced by successive oxidation...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesAs a matter of dynamical range -- scale dependent energy dynamics in MHD turbulenceAs a matter of dynamical range -- scale dependent energy dynamics in MHD turbulence by Philipp Grete et al. on Monday 21 November
Magnetized turbulence is ubiquitous in many astrophysical and terrestrial
plasmas but no universal theory exists. Even the detailed energy dynamics in
magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are still not well understood. We present
a suite of subsonic, super-Alfv\'enic, high plasma-beta MHD turbulence
simulations that only vary in their dynamical range, i.e., in their separation
between the large-scale forcing and dissipation scales, and their dissipation
mechanism (implicit large eddy simulation, ILES, versus and direct numerical
simulation, DNS). Using an...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEarly Release Science of the Exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395HEarly Release Science of the Exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H by Lili Alderson et al. on Monday 21 November
Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is
considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of
exoplanetary systems. Access to an exoplanet's chemical inventory requires
high-precision observations, often inferred from individual molecular
detections with low-resolution space-based and high-resolution ground-based
facilities. Here we report the medium-resolution (R$\sim$600) transmission
spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere between 3-5 $\mu$m covering multiple
absorption features for the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b, obtained with JWST
NIRSpec G395H...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCamEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam by Eva-Maria Ahrer et al. on Monday 21 November
Measuring the metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in exoplanet
atmospheres is a fundamental step towards constraining the dominant chemical
processes at work and, if in equilibrium, revealing planet formation histories.
Transmission spectroscopy provides the necessary means by constraining the
abundances of oxygen- and carbon-bearing species; however, this requires broad
wavelength coverage, moderate spectral resolution, and high precision that,
together, are not achievable with previous observatories. Now that JWST has
commenced science operations, we are able to observe exoplanets at previously
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesExploring Earth's Ionosphere and its effect on low radio frequency observation with the uGMRT and the SKAExploring Earth's Ionosphere and its effect on low radio frequency observation with the uGMRT and the SKA by Sarvesh Mangla et al. on Monday 21 November
The Earth's ionosphere introduces systematic effects that limit the
performance of a radio interferometer at low frequencies ($\lesssim 1$\,GHz).
These effects become more pronounced for severe geomagnetic activities or
observations involving longer baselines of the interferometer. The uGMRT, a
pathfinder for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), is located in between the
northern crest of the Equatorial Ionisation Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic
equator. Hence, this telescope is more prone to severe ionospheric conditions
and is...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISMEarly Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM by Z. Rustamkulov et al. on Monday 21 November
Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water
vapor, aerosols, and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres.
However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes
were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and
spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of
other chemical species$-$in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules.
Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5-5.5 $\mu$m atmospheric transmission
spectrum of WASP-39 b, a 1200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet,
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA Census of the Taurus Star-forming Region and Neighboring Associations with GaiaA Census of the Taurus Star-forming Region and Neighboring Associations with Gaia by K. L. Luhman. on Monday 21 November
I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the third data
release of Gaia (DR3) to perform a survey for members of the Taurus
star-forming region and young associations in its vicinity. This work has
produced a new catalog of 532 adopted members of Taurus, which has only minor
changes relative to the previous catalog from Esplin & Luhman 2019. I have used
the Gaia astrometry to divide the Taurus members into 13 groups that have
distinct kinematics. Meanwhile, I have identified 1378 candidate members of
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMock Galaxy Surveys for HST and JWST from the IllustrisTNG SimulationsMock Galaxy Surveys for HST and JWST from the IllustrisTNG Simulations by Gregory F. Snyder et al. on Monday 21 November
We present and analyze a series of synthetic galaxy survey fields based on
the IllustrisTNG Simulation suite. With the Illustris public data release and
JupyterLab service, we generated a set of twelve lightcone catalogs covering
areas from 5 to 365 square arcminutes, similar to several JWST Cycle 1
programs, including JADES, CEERS, PRIMER, and NGDEEP. From these catalogs, we
queried the public API to generate simple mock images in a series of broadband
filters used by JWST-NIRCam and the Hubble Space Telescope cameras...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesScalable Bayesian Inference for Finding Strong Gravitational LensesScalable Bayesian Inference for Finding Strong Gravitational Lenses by Yash Patel et al. on Monday 21 November
Finding strong gravitational lenses in astronomical images allows us to
assess cosmological theories and understand the large-scale structure of the
universe. Previous works on lens detection do not quantify uncertainties in
lens parameter estimates or scale to modern surveys. We present a fully
amortized Bayesian procedure for lens detection that overcomes these
limitations. Unlike traditional variational inference, in which training
minimizes the reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, our method is trained
with an expected forward KL divergence. Using synthetic GalSim images and real
Sloan Digital...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesFormation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover PlanetesimalsFormation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Monday 21 November
The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System.
Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the
lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is
now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from
an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most
impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the
terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesOn the evaluation of solar wind's heating ratesOn the evaluation of solar wind's heating rates by Arnaud Zaslavsky. on Monday 21 November
Solar wind heating rates have often been calculated by fitting plasma and
magnetic field data with a set of model functions. In this letter, we show that
the rates obtained by such an approach strongly depend on the rather arbitrary
choice one makes for these model functions. An alternative approach, consisting
in monitoring the radial evolution of the adiabatic invariants, based on
locally and consistently measured plasma and magnetic field parameters, is free
from such a flaw. We apply this technique to a recently released Helios...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesComputing First-Passage Times with the Functional Renormalisation GroupComputing First-Passage Times with the Functional Renormalisation Group by Gerasimos Rigopoulos et al. on Monday 21 November
We use Functional Renormalisation Group (FRG) techniques to analyse the
behaviour of a spectator field, $\sigma$, during inflation that obeys an
overdamped Langevin equation. We briefly review how a derivative expansion of
the FRG can be used to obtain Effective Equations of Motion (EEOM) for the one-
and two-point function and derive the EEOM for the three-point function. We
show how to compute quantities like the amplitude of the power spectrum and the
spectral tilt from the FRG. We do this explicitly for a...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe Molecular-Gas Main Sequence and Schmidt-Kennicutt relation are fundamental, the Star-Forming Main Sequence is a useful byproductThe Molecular-Gas Main Sequence and Schmidt-Kennicutt relation are fundamental, the Star-Forming Main Sequence is a useful byproduct by William M. Baker et al. on Monday 21 November
We investigate the relationship between the star formation rate (SFR),
stellar mass ($M_*$) and molecular gas mass ($M_{H_2}$) for local star-forming
galaxies. We further investigate these relationships for high-z (z=1-3)
galaxies and for the hosts of a local sample of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN).
We explore which of these dependencies are intrinsic and which are an indirect
by-product by employing partial correlation coefficients and random forest
regression. We find that for local...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe role of the magnetic fields in GRB outflowsThe role of the magnetic fields in GRB outflows by N. Jordana-Mitjans et al. on Monday 21 November
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are bright extragalactic flashes of gamma-ray
radiation and briefly the most energetic explosions in the Universe. Their
catastrophic origin (the merger of compact objects or the collapse of massive
stars) drives the formation of a newborn compact remnant (black hole or
magnetar) that powers two highly relativistic jets. To distinguish between
magnetized and baryonic jet models and ultimately determine the power source
for these energetic explosions, our team studies the polarization of the light
during the first minutes after the...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA simple spectroscopic technique to identify rejuvenating galaxiesA simple spectroscopic technique to identify rejuvenating galaxies by Junyu Zhang et al. on Monday 21 November
Rejuvenating galaxies are unusual galaxies that fully quench and then
subsequently experience a "rejuvenation" event to become star-forming once
more. Rejuvenation rates vary substantially in models of galaxy formation:
10%-70% of massive galaxies are expected to experience rejuvenation by z = 0.
Measuring the rate of rejuvenation is therefore important for calibrating the
strength of star formation feedback mechanisms. However, these observations are
challenging because rejuvenating systems blend in with normal star-forming
galaxies in broadband photometry. In this paper, we use the galaxy spectral
energy distribution...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesGrowing evidence for high-energy neutrinos originating in radio blazarsGrowing evidence for high-energy neutrinos originating in radio blazars by A. V. Plavin et al. on Monday 21 November
Evidence for bright radio blazars being high-energy neutrino sources was
found in recent years. Specifics of how and where these particles get produced
still remain not fully determined. In this paper, we add 14 new IceCube
detections from 2020-2022 to update our analysis of the neutrino-blazars
connection. We test and refine earlier findings by utilizing the total of 71
track-like high-energy IceCube events from 2009-2022. We correlate them with
the complete sample of 3412 extragalactic radio sources selected by their
compact radio emission. We demonstrate...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA Detailed Look at the Most Obscured Galactic Nuclei in the Mid-InfraredA Detailed Look at the Most Obscured Galactic Nuclei in the Mid-Infrared by F. R. Donnan et al. on Monday 21 November
Context. Compact Obscured Nuclei (CONs) are an extreme phase of galaxy
evolution where rapid supermassive black hole growth and$/$or compact
star-forming activity is completely obscured by gas and dust. Aims. We
investigate the properties of CONs in the mid-infrared and explore techniques
aimed at identifying these objects such as through the equivalent width (EW)
ratios of their Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) features. Methods. We
model Spitzer spectra by decomposing the continua into nuclear and star-forming
components from which...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA General Bayesian Framework to Account for Foreground Map Errors in Global 21-cm ExperimentsA General Bayesian Framework to Account for Foreground Map Errors in Global 21-cm Experiments by Michael Pagano et al. on Monday 21 November
Measurement of the global 21-cm signal during Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch
of Reionization (EoR) is made difficult by bright foreground emission which is
2-5 orders of magnitude larger than the expected signal. Fitting for a
physics-motivated parametric forward model of the data within a Bayesian
framework provides a robust means to separate the signal from the foregrounds,
given sufficient information about the instrument and sky. It has previously
been demonstrated that, within such a modelling framework...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesAn investigation of open clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20 using CCD UBV and Gaia DR3 dataAn investigation of open clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20 using CCD UBV and Gaia DR3 data by Talar Yontan. on Monday 21 November
We performed detailed photometric and astrometric analyses of the open star
clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20. This was based on ground-based CCD UBV
photometric data complemented by space-based Gaia Data Release 3 photometry and
astrometry. 198 stars were identified as likely cluster members for Berkeley 68
and 51 for Stock 20. Two-color diagrams were used to derive the reddening and
photometric metallicity for each cluster. The reddening for Berkeley 68 is
$E(B-V)=0.520 \pm 0.032$ and $0.400 \pm 0.048$ mag for Stock 20. Photometric
metallicity [Fe/H] is $-0.13 \pm 0.08$...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesJWST NIRCam Probes Young Star Clusters in the Reionization Era Sunrise ArcJWST NIRCam Probes Young Star Clusters in the Reionization Era Sunrise Arc by E. Vanzella et al. on Monday 21 November
Star cluster formation in the early universe and their contribution to
reionization remains to date largely unconstrained. Here we present JWST/NIRCam
imaging of the most highly magnified galaxy known at z ~ 6, the Sunrise arc. We
identify six young massive star clusters (YMCs) with measured radii spanning ~
20 pc down to ~ 1 pc (corrected for lensing magnification), estimated stellar
masses of ~ $10^{(6-7)}$ Msun, and with ages 1-30 Myr based on SED fitting to
photometry measured in 8 filters extending to rest-frame 7000A. The...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe propertities of wind and jet from a super-Eddington accretion flow around a supermassive black holeThe propertities of wind and jet from a super-Eddington accretion flow around a supermassive black hole by Hai Yang et al. on Monday 21 November
Wind and jet are important medium of AGN feedback thus it is crucial to
obtain their properties for the feedback study. In this paper we investigate
the properties of wind and jet launched from a super-Eddington accretion flow
around a supermassive black hole. For this aim, we have performed radiation
magnetohydrodynamical simulation of a magnetically arrested super-Eddington
accretion flows. We then have analyzed the simulation data by the ``virtual
particle trajectory'' approach and obtained the mass...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe Isaac Newton Telescope monitoring survey of Local Group dwarf galaxies--V The star formation history of Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy derived from long period variable starsThe Isaac Newton Telescope monitoring survey of Local Group dwarf galaxies--V The star formation history of Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy derived from long period variable stars by Tahere Parto et al. on Monday 21 November
We conducted an optical monitoring survey of the Sagittarius dwarf irregular
galaxy (SagDIG) during the period of June 2016 -- October 2017, using the 2.5-m
Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) at La Palama. Our goal was to identify Long Period
Variable stars (LPVs), namely asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs) and red
supergiant stars (RSGs), to obtain the Star Formation History (SFH) of
isolated, metal-poor SagDIG. For our purpose, we...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesTwo decades of optical timing of the shortest-period binary star system HM CancriTwo decades of optical timing of the shortest-period binary star system HM Cancri by James Munday et al. on Monday 21 November
The shortest-period binary star system known to date, RX J0806.3+1527 (HM
Cancri), has now been observed in the optical for more than two decades.
Although it is thought to be a double degenerate binary undergoing mass
transfer, an early surprise was that its orbital frequency, $f_0$, is currently
increasing as the result of gravitational wave radiation. This is unusual since
it was expected that the mass donor was degenerate and would expand on mass
loss, leading to a decreasing $...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDESI Mock Challenge VII: halo and galaxy catalogs with the Bias Assignment MethodDESI Mock Challenge VII: halo and galaxy catalogs with the Bias Assignment Method by Andrés Balaguera-Antolínez et al. on Monday 21 November
This paper presents the generation of a suit of mock catalogs of dark matter
halos and galaxies, aiming at the assessment of precise covariance matrix for
cosmological analysis. The set of halo mock catalogs display accurate summary
statistics and detailed assignment of halo properties (e.g., velocity
dispersion, halo mass), enabling the possibility of using models of halo
occupation distribution (HOD) to construct mock catalogs with different galaxy
types. In particular, we generate mock catalogs based on HO...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLocal gravitational instability of stratified rotating fluids: 3D criteria for gaseous discsLocal gravitational instability of stratified rotating fluids: 3D criteria for gaseous discs by Carlo Nipoti. on Monday 21 November
Fragmentation of rotating gaseous systems via gravitational instability is
believed to be a crucial mechanism in several astrophysical processes, such as
formation of planets in protostellar discs, of molecular clouds in galactic
discs, and of stars in molecular clouds. Gravitational instability is fairly
well understood for infinitesimally thin discs. However, the thin-disc
approximation is not justified in many cases, and it is of general interest to
study the gravitational instability of rotating fluids with different degrees
of rotation support and stratification. We...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDetecting planetary mass companions near the water frost-line using JWST interferometryDetecting planetary mass companions near the water frost-line using JWST interferometry by Shrishmoy Ray et al. on Monday 21 November
JWST promises to be the most versatile infrared observatory for the next two
decades. The Near Infrared and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument, when
used in the Aperture Masking Interferometry (AMI) mode, will provide an
unparalleled combination of angular resolution and sensitivity compared to any
existing observatory at mid-infrared wavelengths. Using simulated observations
in conjunction with evolutionary models, we present the capability of this mode
to image planetary mass companions around nearby stars at small orbital
separations near the circumstellar water frost-line...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA new catalogue of solar flare events from soft x-ray GOES signal in the period 1986-2020A new catalogue of solar flare events from soft x-ray GOES signal in the period 1986-2020 by Nicola Plutino et al. on Monday 21 November
Solar flares, along with other sun-originated events such as Coronal Mass
Ejections, fast solar wind streams, and solar energetic particles are among the
most relevant events in Space Weather. Moreover, solar flares are the most
energetic processes that occur in our solar system. The in-depth study of their
occurrence statistics, both over extended periods or during individual solar
cycles, allows us to improve and constrain the basic physical models of their
origin. Increasing the number of...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesSurviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of IceSurviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice by Vishaal Singh et al. on Monday 21 November
As an initial step towards in-situ exploration of the interiors of Ocean
Worlds to search for life using cryobot architectures, we test how various
communication tethers behave under potential Europa-like stress conditions. By
freezing two types of pretensioned insulated fiber optic cables inside ice
blocks, we simulate tethers being refrozen in a probe's wake as it traverses
through an Ocean World's ice shell. Using a cryogenic biaxial apparatus, we
simulate shear...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesVenus Life Finder Habitability Mission: Motivation, Science Objectives, and InstrumentationVenus Life Finder Habitability Mission: Motivation, Science Objectives, and Instrumentation by Sara Seager et al. on Monday 21 November
For over half a century, scientists have contemplated the potential existence
of life within the clouds of Venus. Unknown chemistry leaves open the
possibility that certain regions of the Venusian atmosphere are habitable. In
situ atmospheric measurements with a suite of modern instruments can determine
whether the cloud decks possess the characteristics needed to support life as
we know it. The key habitability factors are cloud particle droplet acidity and
cloud-layer water content. We envision an instrument suite to measure not only
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesCompact jets dominate the continuum emission in low-luminosity active galactic nucleiCompact jets dominate the continuum emission in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei by J. A. Fernández-Ontiveros et al. on Monday 21 November
The disappearance of the accretion disc in low-luminosity active galactic
nuclei (LLAGN) leaves behind a faint optical nuclear continuum whose nature has
been largely debated, mainly due to serious observational limitations in the IR
to UV range. We combine multi-wavelength sub-arcsecond resolution observations
-- able to isolate the genuine nuclear continuum -- with nebular lines in the
mid-IR, to indirectly probe the shape of the extreme UV continuum. We found
that 8 of the nearest prototype LLAGN are compatible with p...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesHigh and dry: billion-year trends in the aridity of river-forming climates on MarsHigh and dry: billion-year trends in the aridity of river-forming climates on Mars by Edwin S. Kite et al. on Monday 21 November
Mars' wet-to-dry transition is a major environmental catastrophe, yet the
spatial pattern, tempo, and cause of drying are poorly constrained. We built a
globally-distributed database of constraints on Mars late-stage paleolake size
relative to catchment area (aridity index), and found evidence for climate
zonation as Mars was drying out. Aridity increased over time in southern
midlatitude highlands, where lakes became proportionally as small as in modern
Nevada. Meanwhile, intermittently wetter climates persisted in equatorial and
northern-midlatitude lowlands. This...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesInvestigating dark energy by electromagnetic frequency shifts II: the Pantheon+ sampleInvestigating dark energy by electromagnetic frequency shifts II: the Pantheon+ sample by Giuseppe Sarracino et al. on Monday 21 November
Following results presented in Eur. Phys. J. Plus, {\bf 137} (2022) 253 by
the same authors, we investigate the observed red shift $z$, working under the
hypothesis that it might be composed by the expansion red shift $z_{\rm C}$ and
an additional frequency shift $z_{\rm S}$, towards the red or the blue, due to
Extended Theories of Electromagnetism (ETE). We have tested this prediction
considering the novel Pantheon+ Catalogue, composed by 1701 light curves
collected by 1550 SNe Ia, and 16 BAO data, for different...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe luminous type Ia supernova 2022ilv and its early excess emissionThe luminous type Ia supernova 2022ilv and its early excess emission by Shubham Srivastav et al. on Monday 21 November
We present observations and analysis of the host-less and luminous type Ia
supernova 2022ilv, illustrating it is part of the 2003fg-like family, often
referred to as super-Chandrasekhar (Ia-SC) explosions. The ATLAS light curve
shows evidence of a short-lived, pulse-like early excess, similar to that
detected in another luminous type Ia supernova (SN 2020hvf). The light curve is
broad and the early spectra are remarkably similar to SN 2009dc. Adopting a
redshift of $z=0.026 \pm 0.005$ for SN 2022ilv based on spectral matching...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesRome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope: precision solar full-disk photometry during solar cycles 23-25Rome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope: precision solar full-disk photometry during solar cycles 23-25 by Ilaria Ermolli et al. on Monday 21 November
The Rome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope (Rome/PSPT) is a ground-based
telescope engaged in precision solar photometry. It has a 27-year database of
full-disk images of the photosphere and chromosphere beginning in 1996 and
continuing to 2022. The solar images have been obtained daily, weather
permitting, with approximately 2 arcsec/pixel scale in Ca II K line at 393.3
nm, G-band at 430.6 nm, and continuum in the blue and red parts of the spectrum
at 409.4 nm and 607.2 nm, respectively. Regular observations were also
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesGlobal simulations of Tayler instability in stellar interiors: a long-time multi-stage evolution of the magnetic fieldGlobal simulations of Tayler instability in stellar interiors: a long-time multi-stage evolution of the magnetic field by G. Monteiro et al. on Monday 21 November
Magnetic fields have been observed in massive Ap/Bp stars and presumably are
also present in the radiative zone of solar-like stars. Yet, to date there is
no clear understanding of the dynamics of the magnetic field in stably
stratified layers. A purely toroidal magnetic field configuration is known to
be unstable, developing mainly non-axisymmetric modes. Rotation and a small
poloidal field component may lead to a stable configuration. Here we perform
global MHD simulations with...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLine Emission Mapper LEM : Probing physics of cosmic ecosystemsLine Emission Mapper LEM : Probing physics of cosmic ecosystems by Ralph Kraft et al. on Monday 21 November
The Line Emission Mapper (LEM) is an X-ray Probe for the 2030s that will
answer the outstanding questions of the Universe's structure formation. It will
also provide transformative new observing capabilities for every area of
astrophysics, and to heliophysics and planetary physics as well. LEM's main
goal is a comprehensive look at the physics of galaxy formation, including
stellar and black-hole feedback and flows of baryonic matter into and out of
galaxies. These processes are best studied in X-rays, and emission-line mapping
is...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesVelocity-Coherent Substructure in TMC-1: Inflow and FragmentationVelocity-Coherent Substructure in TMC-1: Inflow and Fragmentation by Simon E. T. Smith et al. on Monday 21 November
Filamentary structures have been found nearly ubiquitously in molecular
clouds and yet their formation and evolution is still poorly understood. We
examine a segment of Taurus Molecular Cloud 1 (TMC-1) that appears as a single,
narrow filament in continuum emission from dust. We use the Regularized
Optimization for Hyper-Spectral Analysis (ROHSA), a Gaussian decomposition
algorithm which enforces spatial coherence when fitting multiple velocity
components simultaneously over a data cube. We analyze HC$_5$N (9-8) line
emission as part of the Green Bank Ammonia Survey...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesWhen Does Gyrochronology Start to Work? Stellar Rotation and Structure of the α Persei ComplexWhen Does Gyrochronology Start to Work? Stellar Rotation and Structure of the α Persei Complex by Andrew W. Boyle et al. on Monday 21 November
On the pre-main-sequence, the rotation rates of Sun-like stars are dictated
by the interplay between the protostellar disk and the star's contraction. At
ages exceeding 100 million years (Myr), magnetic spin-down erases the initial
stellar spin rate and enables rotation-based age dating (gyrochronology). The
exact time at which the transition between these two regimes occurs depends on
stellar mass, and has been challenging to empirically resolve due to a lack of
viable calibration clusters. The $\alpha$ Persei open c...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMapping Tropical Forest Cover and Deforestation with Planet NICFI Satellite Images and Deep Learning in Mato Grosso State Brazil from 2015 to 2021Mapping Tropical Forest Cover and Deforestation with Planet NICFI Satellite Images and Deep Learning in Mato Grosso State Brazil from 2015 to 2021 by Fabien H Wagner et al. on Monday 21 November
Monitoring changes in tree cover for rapid assessment of deforestation is
considered the critical component of any climate mitigation policy for reducing
carbon. Here, we map tropical tree cover and deforestation between 2015 and
2022 using 5 m spatial resolution Planet NICFI satellite images over the state
of Mato Grosso (MT) in Brazil and a U-net deep learning model. The tree cover
for the state was 556510.8 km$^2$ in 2015 (58.1 % of the MT State) and...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMind the gap: The discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center ExcessMind the gap: The discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess by Sascha Caron et al. on Monday 21 November
The origin of the so-called Galactic Center Excess in GeV gamma rays has been
debated for more than 10 years. What makes this excess so interesting is the
possibility of interpreting it as additional radiation consistent with that
expected from dark matter annihilation. Alternatively, the excess could come
from undetected point sources. In this work, we examine the following
questions: Since the majority of the previously reported interpretations of
this excess are highly dependent on the simulation...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesStarlet higher order statistics for galaxy clustering and weak lensingStarlet higher order statistics for galaxy clustering and weak lensing by Virginia Ajani et al. on Monday 21 November
We present a first application to photometric galaxy clustering and weak
lensing of wavelet based multi-scale higher order summary statistics: starlet
peak counts and starlet $\ell_1$-norm. Peak counts are the local maxima in the
map and the $\ell_1$-norm is computed via the sum of the absolute values of the
starlet (wavelet) decomposition coefficients of a map, providing a fast
multi-scale calculation of the pixel distribution, encoding the information of
all pixels in the map. We employ the cosmo-SLICS simulations sources...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesHow does dark matter affect compact star properties and high density constraints of strongly interacting matterHow does dark matter affect compact star properties and high density constraints of strongly interacting matter by Violetta Sagun et al. on Monday 21 November
We study the impact of asymmetric bosonic dark matter on neutron star
properties, including possible changes of tidal deformability, maximum mass,
radius, and matter distribution inside the star. The conditions at which dark
matter particles tend to condensate in the star's core or create an extended
halo are presented. We show that dark matter condensed in a core leads to a
decrease of the total gravitational mass and tidal deformability compared to a
pure baryonic star...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesRadiometric sensitivity and resolution of synthetic tracking imaging for orbital debris monitoringRadiometric sensitivity and resolution of synthetic tracking imaging for orbital debris monitoring by Hasan Bahcivan et al. on Monday 21 November
We consider sampling and detection strategies for solar illuminated space
debris. We argue that the lowest detectable debris cross section may be reduced
by 10-100x by analysis of phase-space-pixels rather than single frame data. The
phase-space-pixel is a weighted stacking of pixels corresponding to a test
debris trajectory within the very wide camera field-of-view (FOV). To isolate
debris signals from background, exposure time is set to match the time it takes
a debris to transit through the instantaneous field...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesGRaM-X: A new GPU-accelerated dynamical spacetime GRMHD code for Exascale computing with the Einstein ToolkitGRaM-X: A new GPU-accelerated dynamical spacetime GRMHD code for Exascale computing with the Einstein Toolkit by Swapnil Shankar et al. on Monday 21 November
We present GRaM-X (General Relativistic accelerated Magnetohydrodynamics on
AMReX), a new GPU-accelerated dynamical-spacetime general relativistic
magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) code which extends the GRMHD capability of
Einstein Toolkit to GPU-based exascale systems. GRaM-X supports 3D adaptive
mesh refinement (AMR) on GPUs via a new AMR driver for the Einstein Toolkit
called CarpetX which in turn leverages AMReX, an AMR library developed for use
by the United States DOE's Exascale Computing Project (ECP). We use the Z4c
formalism to...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEccentricity or spin precession? Distinguishing subdominant effects in gravitational-wave dataEccentricity or spin precession? Distinguishing subdominant effects in gravitational-wave data by Isobel M. Romero-Shaw et al. on Monday 21 November
Eccentricity and spin precession are key observables in gravitational-wave
astronomy, encoding precious information about the astrophysical formation of
compact binaries together with fine details of the relativistic two-body
problem. However, the two effects can mimic each other in the emitted signals,
raising issues around their distinguishability. Since inferring the existence
of both eccentricity and spin precession simultaneously is -- at present -- not
possible, current state-of-the-art analyses assume that either one of the
effects may be present in the data. In...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesStarDICE I: sensor calibration bench and absolute photometric calibration of a Sony IMX411 sensorStarDICE I: sensor calibration bench and absolute photometric calibration of a Sony IMX411 sensor by Marc Betoule et al. on Monday 21 November
The Hubble diagram of type-Ia supernovae (SNe-Ia) provides cosmological
constraints on the nature of dark energy with an accuracy limited by the flux
calibration of currently available spectrophotometric standards. The StarDICE
experiment aims at establishing a 5-stage metrology chain from NIST photodiodes
to stars, with a targeted accuracy of \SI{1}{mmag} in $griz$ colors. We present
the first two stages, resulting in the calibration transfer from NIST
photodiodes to a demonstration \SI{150}{Mpixel} CMOS sensor (Sony IMX411ALR...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesSaturn's Seasonal Variability from Four Decades of Ground-Based Mid-Infrared ObservationsSaturn's Seasonal Variability from Four Decades of Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Observations by James S. D. Blake et al. on Monday 21 November
A multi-decade record of ground-based mid-infrared (7-25 $\mu$m) images of
Saturn is used to explore seasonal and non-seasonal variability in thermal
emission over more than a Saturnian year (1984-2022). Thermal emission measured
by 3-m and 8-m-class observatories compares favourably with synthetic images
based on both Cassini-derived temperature records and the predictions of
radiative climate models. 8-m class facilities are capable of resolving thermal
contrasts on the scale of Saturn's belts, zones, polar hexagon, and polar
cyclones, superimposed onto large-scale...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesi cm z , a semi-analytic model for the thermodynamic properties in galaxy clusters: calibrations with mass and redshift, and implication for the hydrostatic biasi cm z , a semi-analytic model for the thermodynamic properties in galaxy clusters: calibrations with mass and redshift, and implication for the hydrostatic bias by S. Ettori et al. on Monday 21 November
In the self-similar scenario for galaxy cluster formation and evolution, the
thermodynamic properties of the X-ray emitting plasma can be predicted in their
dependencies on the halo mass and redshift only. However, several departures
from this simple self-similar scenario have been observed. We show how our
semi-analytic model $i(cm)z$, which modifies the self-similar predictions
through two temperature-dependent quantities, the gas mass fraction $f_g=f_0
T...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesNeutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst?Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst? by Kohta Murase et al. on Monday 21 November
We discuss implications that can be obtained by searches for neutrinos from
the brightest gamma-ray burst, GRB 221009A. We derive constraints on GRB model
parameters such as the cosmic-ray loading factor and dissipation radius, taking
into account both neutrino spectra and effective areas. The results are strong
enough to constrain proton acceleration near the photosphere, and we find that
the single burst limits are comparable to those from stacking analysis.
Quasithermal neutrinos from subphotospheres and ultrahigh-energy neutrinos from
external shocks are not yet constrained. We show...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe unaltered pulsar: GRO J1750-27, a super-critical X-ray neutron star that does not blink an eyeThe unaltered pulsar: GRO J1750-27, a super-critical X-ray neutron star that does not blink an eye by C. Malacaria et al. on Monday 21 November
When accreting X-ray pulsars (XRPs) undergo bright X-ray outbursts, their
luminosity-dependent spectral and timing features can be analysed in detail.
The XRP GRO J1750-27 recently underwent one of such episodes, during which it
was observed with $NuSTAR$ and monitored with $NICER$. Such a data set is
rarely available, as it samples the outburst over more than a month at a
luminosity that is always exceeding ${\sim}5\times10^{37}\,$erg/s. This value
is larger than...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesNon-synchronous rotation on Europa driven by ocean currentsNon-synchronous rotation on Europa driven by ocean currents by Yosef Ashkenazy et al. on Monday 21 November
It has been suggested that the ice shell of Jupiter's moon Europa may drift
non-synchronously due to tidal torques. Here we argue that torques applied by
the underlying ocean are also important and can result in retrograde
non-synchronous rotation (NSR). We develop an ice shell rotation model, driven
by ocean stress calculated using a high-resolution state-of-the-art ocean
general circulation model, and take into account the viscoelastic deformation
of the ice shell. We use the ice shell model results together with observed
limits on the...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMachine learning constraints on deviations from general relativity from the large scale structure of the UniverseMachine learning constraints on deviations from general relativity from the large scale structure of the Universe by George Alestas et al. on Monday 21 November
We use a particular machine learning approach, called the genetic algorithms
(GA), in order to place constraints on deviations from general relativity (GR)
via a possible evolution of Newton's constant $\mu\equiv
G_\mathrm{eff}/G_\mathrm{N}$ and of the dark energy anisotropic stress $\eta$,
both defined to be equal to one in GR. Specifically, we use a plethora of
background and linear-order perturbations data, such as type Ia supernovae,
baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic chronometers...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe galaxy formation origin of the lensing is low problemThe galaxy formation origin of the lensing is low problem by Jonas Chaves-Montero et al. on Monday 21 November
Recent analyses show that $\Lambda$CDM-based models optimised to reproduce
the clustering of massive galaxies overestimate their gravitational lensing by
about 30\%, the so-called lensing is low problem. Using a state-of-the-art
hydrodynamical simulation, we show that this discrepancy reflects shortcomings
in standard galaxy-halo connection models rather than tensions within the
$\Lambda$CDM paradigm itself. Specifically, this problem results from ignoring
a variety of galaxy formation effects, including assembly bias, segregation of
satellite galaxies relative to dark matter, and baryonic effects on the matter
...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDiversity of dust properties in external galaxies confirmed by polarization signals from Type II supernovaeDiversity of dust properties in external galaxies confirmed by polarization signals from Type II supernovae by Takashi Nagao et al. on Monday 21 November
Investigating interstellar (IS) dust properties in external galaxies is
important not only to infer the intrinsic properties of astronomical objects
but also to understand the star/planet formation in the galaxies. From the
non-Milky-Way-like extinction and interstellar polarization (ISP) observed in
reddened Type~Ia supernovae (SNe), it has been suggested that their host
galaxies contain dust grains whose properties are substantially different from
the Milky-Way (MW) dust. It is important to investigate the universality of
such non-MW-like...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe mass-radius relation of intermediate-mass planets outlined by hydrodynamic escape and thermal evolutionThe mass-radius relation of intermediate-mass planets outlined by hydrodynamic escape and thermal evolution by Daria Kubyshkina et al. on Monday 21 November
We employ planetary evolution modeling to reproduce the MR distribution of
the 198 so far detected planets with mass and radius measured to the
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA ~200 pc-sized core of Milky Way dark matter halo constrained from the OGLE micro-lensing sky mapA ~200 pc-sized core of Milky Way dark matter halo constrained from the OGLE micro-lensing sky map by Shu-Rui Lin et al. on Monday 21 November
We report the detection of a 219 $^{+10}_{-28}$ pc-sized dark matter core
structure in the center of Milky Way at $68\%$ confidence level by using the
micro-lensing event rate sky map data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing
Experiment (OGLE) survey. For the first time, we apply the spacial information
of the micro-lensing sky map and model it with the detailed Milky Way
structure, the Mini Dark Matter Structure (MDMS) fraction ($f_{\rm
MDMS}=\Omega_{\rm MDMS}/\Omega_{\rm...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesi-SPin: An integrator for multicomponent Schrödinger-Poisson systems with self-interactionsi-SPin: An integrator for multicomponent Schrödinger-Poisson systems with self-interactions by Mudit Jain et al. on Monday 21 November
We provide an algorithm and a publicly available code to numerically evolve
multicomponent Schr\"{o}dinger-Poisson (SP) systems with a SO($n$) symmetry,
including attractive or repulsive self-interactions in addition to gravity.
Focusing on the case where the SP system represents the non-relativistic limit
of a massive vector field, non-gravitational self-interactions (in particular
spin-spin interactions) introduce complexities related to mass and spin
conservation which are not present in purely gravitational systems. We address
them with an analytical solution for the `kick' step i...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesEvolution of Cosmic Voids in the Schrodinger-Poisson FormalismEvolution of Cosmic Voids in the Schrodinger-Poisson Formalism by Aoibhinn Gallagher et al. on Monday 21 November
We investigate the evolution of cosmic voids in the Schrodinger Poisson
formalism, finding wave mechanical solutions for the dynamics in a standard
cosmological background with appropriate boundary conditions. We compare the
results in this model to those obtained using the Zel'dovich approximation. We
discuss the advantages of studying voids in general and the advantages of the
Schrodinger Poisson description over other approaches. In particular,
emphasizing the utility of the free particle approximation. We also discuss a
dimensionless number, similar to the Reynolds number, for...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesInterpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind modelsInterpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind models by Ch. Rab et al. on Monday 21 November
Winds in protoplanetary disks play an important role in their evolution and
dispersal. However, what physical process is driving the winds is still unclear
(i.e. magnetically vs thermally driven), and can only be understood by directly
confronting theoretical models with observational data. We use hydrodynamic
photoevaporative disk-wind models and post-process them with a thermo-chemical
model to produce synthetic observables for the o-H$_2$ at 2.12 micron and [OI]
at 0.63 micron spectral lines and directly compare the results...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesHow to Interpret Measurements of Diffuse Light in Stacked Observations of Groups and Clusters of GalaxiesHow to Interpret Measurements of Diffuse Light in Stacked Observations of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies by Syeda Lammim Ahad et al. on Monday 21 November
The diffuse light within galaxy groups and clusters provides valuable insight
into the growth of massive cosmic structures. Groups are particularly
interesting in this context, because they represent the link between galactic
haloes and massive clusters. However, low surface brightness makes their
diffuse light extremely challenging to detect individually. Stacking many
groups is a promising alternative, but its physical interpretation is
complicated by possible systematic variations of diffuse light profiles with
other group properties. Another...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDecomposition of galactic X-ray emission with Phox: Contributions from hot gas and XRBsDecomposition of galactic X-ray emission with Phox: Contributions from hot gas and XRBs by Stephan Vladutescu-Zopp et al. on Monday 21 November
We provide a numerical framework with which spatially and spectrally accurate
representations of X-ray binary populations can be studied from hydrodynamical
cosmological simulations. We construct average spectra accounting for a hot gas
component and verify the emergence of observed scaling relations between galaxy
wide X-ray luminosity ($L_{X}$) and stellar mass ($M_{\star}$) as well as
star-formation rate (SFR). Using simulated galaxy halos extracted from the
$(48\,h^{-1} \mathrm{cMpc})^3$ volume of the Magneticum Pathfinder cosmological
simulations at $z = 0.07$...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesTemporal evolution and rigidity dependence of the solar modulation lag of Galactic cosmic raysTemporal evolution and rigidity dependence of the solar modulation lag of Galactic cosmic rays by Nicola Tomassetti et al. on Monday 21 November
When traveling in the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are subjected
to the solar modulation effect, a quasiperiodical change of their intensity
caused by the 11-year cycle of solar activity. Here we investigate the
association of solar activity and cosmic radiation over five solar cycles, from
1965 to 2020, using a collection of multichannel data from neutron monitors,
space missions, and solar observatories. In particular, we focus on the time
lag between the monthly sunspot number and the GCR flux...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDEMNUni: comparing nonlinear power spectra prescriptions in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energyDEMNUni: comparing nonlinear power spectra prescriptions in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energy by G. Parimbelli et al. on Monday 21 November
We provide an accurate comparison, against large cosmological $N$-body
simulations, of different prescriptions for modelling nonlinear matter power
spectra in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energy. We test
the current most widely used approaches: fitting functions (HALOFIT and
HMcode), the halo-model reaction (ReACT) and emulators (baccoemu and
EuclidEmulator2). Focussing on redshifts $z\leq2$ and scales $k\lesssim 1 \
h/$Mpc (where the simulation mass resolution provides $\sim 1\%$ accuracy), we
find that HMcode and...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA measure of cosmological distance using the civ Baldwin effect in quasarsA measure of cosmological distance using the civ Baldwin effect in quasars by L. Huang et al. on Monday 21 November
We use the anticorrelation between the equivalent width (EW) of the
C\,\textsc{iv} 1549 {\AA} emission line and the continuum luminosity in the
quasars rest frame (Baldwin effect) to measure their luminosity distance as
well as estimate cosmological parameters. We obtain a sample of 523 Type I
quasars with the UV/optical spectra and EW (C\,\textsc{iv}) measurements in the
redshift range of $2.3< z< 7.1$ including 38 objects at $5 < z < 7.1$, which
can be used to investigate the C\,\textsc{iv} Baldwin effect...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesAccuracy and precision of triaxial orbit models II: Viewing angles, shape and orbital structureAccuracy and precision of triaxial orbit models II: Viewing angles, shape and orbital structure by Stefano de Nicola et al. on Monday 21 November
We explore the potential of our novel triaxial modeling machinery in
recovering the viewing angles, the shape and the orbit distribution of galaxies
by using a high-resolution $N$-body merger simulation. Our modelling technique
includes several recent advancements. (i) Our new triaxial deprojection
algorithm SHAPE3D is able to significantly shrink the range of possible
orientations of a triaxial galaxy and therefore to constrain its shape relying
only on photometric information. It also allows to probe degeneracies...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesImpact of Rastall gravity on mass, radius and sound speed of the pulsar PSR J0740+6620Impact of Rastall gravity on mass, radius and sound speed of the pulsar PSR J0740+6620 by Waleed El Hanafy. on Monday 21 November
Millisecond pulsars are perfect laboratories to test possible matter-geometry
coupling and its physical implications in light of recent Neutron Star Interior
Composition Explorer (NICER) observations. We apply Rastall field equations of
gravity, where matter and geometry are nonminimally coupled, to Krori-Barua
interior spacetime whereas the matter source is assumed to be anisotropic
fluid. We show that all physical quantities inside the star can be expressed in
terms of Rastall, $\epsilon$, and compactness, $C=2GM/Rc^2$, parameters. Using
NICER...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThree-dimensional numerical simulations of structured GRB jetsThree-dimensional numerical simulations of structured GRB jets by Gerardo Urrutia et al. on Monday 21 November
After the detection of GRB 170817A, the first unambiguous off-axis gamma-ray
burst (GRB), several studies tried to understand the structure of GRB jets. The
initial jet structure (directly produced by the central engine) can be
partially preserved, or can be completely modified by the interaction with the
environment. In this study, we perform three-dimensional, special relativistic
hydrodynamics simulations of long GRB jets evolving through a massive
progenitor star. Different jet scenarios were considered: Top-hat, Gaussian
jets dominated by pressure or by kinetic energy, as well...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLarge Field Polynomial Inflation: Parameter Space, Predictions and Double Eternal NatureLarge Field Polynomial Inflation: Parameter Space, Predictions and Double Eternal Nature by Manuel Drees et al. on Monday 21 November
Simple monomial inflationary scenarios have been ruled out by recent
observations. In this work we revisit the next simplest scenario, a
single--field model where the scalar potential is a polynomial of degree four
which features a concave ``almost'' saddle point. We focus on trans--Planckian
field values. We reparametrize the potential, which greatly simplifies the
procedure for finding acceptbale model parameters. This allows for the first
comprehensive scan of parameter space consistent with recent Planck and
BICEP/Keck 2018 measurements. Even for trans--Planckian...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LATMeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT by Jordan Eagle et al. on Monday 21 November
We report the discovery of MeV-GeV gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT
positionally coincident with the TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS~J1554-550
within the host supernova remnant (SNR) G327.1-1.1. The gamma-ray emission is
point-like and faint but significant (> 4 sigma) in the 300MeV-2TeV energy
range. We report here the Fermi-LAT analysis of the observed gamma-ray emission
followed by a detailed multiwavelength investigation to understand the nature
of the emission. The central pulsar powering the PWN within G327.1-1.1 has...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesRadiation from Global Topological Strings using Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Massive ModesRadiation from Global Topological Strings using Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Massive Modes by Amelia Drew et al. on Monday 21 November
We implement adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) simulations of global topological
strings using the public code, GRChombo. We perform a quantitative
investigation of massive radiation from single sinusoidally displaced string
configurations, studying a range of string widths defined by the coupling
parameter $\lambda$ over two orders of magnitude, effectively varying the mass
of radiated particles $m_H \sim \sqrt{\lambda}$. We perform an in-depth
investigation into the effects of AMR on massive radiation emission, including
radiation trapping and the refinement required to...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesUnderstanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy tripletsUnderstanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets by P. Vásquez-Bustos et al. on Monday 21 November
The environment where galaxies reside affects their evolutionary histories.
Galaxy triplets (systems composed of three physically bound galaxies)
constitute one of simplest group of galaxies and are therefore excellent
laboratories to study evolutionary mechanisms where effects of the environment
are minimal. We present a statistical study of the dynamical properties of
isolated galaxy triplets as a function of their local and large scale
environments. To explore the connection of the dynamical evolution on the
systems with t...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesHigh-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instrumentsHigh-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instruments by Cathal Maguire et al. on Monday 21 November
Recent progress in high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has offered new
avenues in which to characterise the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets.
High-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy allows for the unambiguous
detection of molecules/atoms. It has also been used to map both atmospheric
dynamics and longitudinal variations in the abundance of species across the
morning and evening limbs. We present multiple VLT/ESPRESSO observations of the
ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b, from which we constrain relative abundances of
...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDetecting deviations from Gaussianity in high-redshift CMB lensing mapsDetecting deviations from Gaussianity in high-redshift CMB lensing maps by Zhuoqi Zhang et al. on Monday 21 November
While the probability density function (PDF) of the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) convergence field approximately follows a Gaussian
distribution, small contributions from structures at low redshifts make the
overall distribution slightly non-Gaussian. Some of this late-time component
can be modelled using the distribution of galaxies and subtracted off from the
original CMB lensing map to produce a map of matter distribution at high
redshifts. Using this high-redshift mass map, we are able to directly study the
early phases of structure formation and look...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDeep Learning-based galaxy image deconvolutionDeep Learning-based galaxy image deconvolution by Utsav Akhaury et al. on Monday 21 November
With the onset of large-scale astronomical surveys capturing millions of
images, there is an increasing need to develop fast and accurate deconvolution
algorithms that generalize well to different images. A powerful and accessible
deconvolution method would allow for the reconstruction of a cleaner estimation
of the sky. The deconvolved images would be helpful to perform photometric
measurements to help make progress in the fields of galaxy formation and
evolution. We propose a new deconvolution method based on the Learnlet
transform. Eventually, we investigate and compare the performance...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesHydrodynamical Simulations of Black-Hole Binary Formation in AGN DisksHydrodynamical Simulations of Black-Hole Binary Formation in AGN Disks by Jiaru Li et al. on Monday 21 November
We study the close encounters between two single black holes (BHs) embedded
in an AGN disk using a series of global 2D hydrodynamics simulations. We find
that when the disk density is sufficiently high, bound BH binaries can be
formed by the collision of their circum-single disks. Our analysis demonstrates
that, after a BH pair passes the pericenter of their relative trajectory, a gas
post-collision drag may slow down the BHs, possibly forcing the two BHs to stay
tightly bound. A binary formed...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLinking the Internal Properties of Infant Globular Clusters to their Formation EnvironmentsLinking the Internal Properties of Infant Globular Clusters to their Formation Environments by Frederika Phipps et al. on Monday 21 November
We investigate the formation of infant globular cluster (GC) candidates in
high-resolution cosmological simulations from the First Billion Years (FiBY)
project. By analysing the evolution of the systems in the energy and angular
momentum plane, we identify the redshift at which the infant GCs first became
gravitationally bound, and we find evidence of radial infall of their gaseous
and stellar components. The collapse appears to be driven by internal
self-gravity, however, the initial trigger is sourced from the external
environment...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesSurviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of IceSurviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice by Vishaal Singh et al. on Monday 21 November
As an initial step towards in-situ exploration of the interiors of Ocean
Worlds to search for life using cryobot architectures, we test how various
communication tethers behave under potential Europa-like stress conditions. By
freezing two types of pretensioned insulated fiber optic cables inside ice
blocks, we simulate tethers being refrozen in a probe's wake as it traverses
through an Ocean World's ice shell. Using a cryogenic biaxial apparatus, we
simulate shear...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesA strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9bA strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b by Bob Jacobs et al. on Monday 21 November
We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest
transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field
Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope.
We complement these data with literature information on stellar pulsations
and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite
eclipse depths of this target to obtain a broadband thermal emission spectrum.
Our extracted spectrum exhibits a clear turnoff at 1.4$\mu$m. This points to
H$...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesGlobal MHD simulations of the solar convective zone using a volleyball mesh decomposition I PilotGlobal MHD simulations of the solar convective zone using a volleyball mesh decomposition I Pilot by Andrius Popovas et al. on Monday 21 November
Solar modelling has long been split into ''internal'' and ''surface''
modelling, because of the lack of tools to connect the very different scales in
space and time, as well as the widely different environments and dominating
physical effects involved. Significant efforts have recently been put into
resolving this disconnect. We address the outstanding bottlenecks in connecting
internal convection zone and dynamo simulations to the surface of the Sun, and
conduct a proof-of-concept high resolution global simulation of...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesAsgard NOTT: L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI I Simulating the expected high-contrast performanceAsgard NOTT: L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI I Simulating the expected high-contrast performance by Romain Laugier et al. on Monday 21 November
Context: NOTT (formerly Hi-5) is a new high-contrast L' band (3.5-4.0 \textmu
m) beam combiner for the VLTI with the ambitious goal to be sensitive to young
giant exoplanets down to 5 mas separation around nearby stars. The performance
of nulling interferometers in these wavelengths is affected both by fundamental
noise from the background and by the contributions of instrumental noises. This
motivates the development of end-to-end simulations to optimize these
instruments. Aims: To enable the performance evaluation and...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesUnderstanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy tripletsUnderstanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets by P. Vásquez-Bustos et al. on Monday 21 November
The environment where galaxies reside affects their evolutionary histories.
Galaxy triplets (systems composed of three physically bound galaxies)
constitute one of simplest group of galaxies and are therefore excellent
laboratories to study evolutionary mechanisms where effects of the environment
are minimal. We present a statistical study of the dynamical properties of
isolated galaxy triplets as a function of their local and large scale
environments. To explore the connection of the dynamical evolution on the
systems with t...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLow-Energy Electron-Track Imaging for a Liquid Argon Time-Projection-Chamber Telescope Concept using Probabilistic Deep LearningLow-Energy Electron-Track Imaging for a Liquid Argon Time-Projection-Chamber Telescope Concept using Probabilistic Deep Learning by M. Buuck et al. on Monday 21 November
The GammaTPC is an MeV-scale single-phase liquid argon
time-projection-chamber gamma-ray telescope concept with a novel dual-scale
pixel-based charge-readout system. It promises to enable a significant
improvement in sensitivity to MeV-scale gamma-rays over previous telescopes.
The novel pixel-based charge readout allows for imaging of the tracks of
electrons scattered by Compton interactions of incident gamma-rays. The two
primary contributors to the accuracy of a Compton telescope in reconstructing
an incident gamma-ray's original direction are its energy and position
resolution...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe hard to soft transition of GX 339-4 as seen by Insight-HXMTThe hard to soft transition of GX 339-4 as seen by Insight-HXMT by Honghui Liu et al. on Monday 21 November
We present an analysis of the relativistic reflection spectra of GX 339-4
during the hard-to-soft transition of its 2021 outburst observed by
Insight-HXMT. The strong relativistic reflection signatures in the data suggest
a high black hole spin ($a_*>0.86$) and an intermediate disk inclination angle
(35-43 deg) of the system. The transition is accompanied by an increasing
temperature of the disk and a softening of the corona emission while the inner
disk radius remains stable. Assuming a lamppost geometry, the corona height...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesLocating Hidden Exoplanets in ALMA Data Using Machine LearningLocating Hidden Exoplanets in ALMA Data Using Machine Learning by Jason Terry et al. on Monday 21 November
Exoplanets in protoplanetary disks cause localized deviations from Keplerian
velocity in channel maps of molecular line emission. Current methods of
characterizing these deviations are time consuming, and there is no unified
standard approach. We demonstrate that machine learning can quickly and
accurately detect the presence of planets. We train our model on synthetic
images generated from simulations and apply it to real observations to identify
forming planets in real systems. Machine learning methods, based on computer
vision, are not only capable of correctly...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesCARMA-NRO Orion Survey: unbiased survey of dense cores and core mass functions in Orion ACARMA-NRO Orion Survey: unbiased survey of dense cores and core mass functions in Orion A by Hideaki Takemura et al. on Monday 21 November
The mass distribution of dense cores is a potential key to understand the
process of star formation. Applying dendrogram analysis to the CARMA-NRO Orion
C$^{18}$O ($J$=1--0) data, we identify 2342 dense cores, about 22 \% of which
have virial ratios smaller than 2, and can be classified as gravitationally
bound cores. The derived core mass function (CMF) for bound starless cores
which are not associate with protostars has a slope similar to Salpeter's
initial mass function (IMF) for the...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesSpectral properties of the Be X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during Type II outburstsSpectral properties of the Be X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during Type II outbursts by Binay Rai et al. on Monday 21 November
We present an extended study of the Be/X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during its
Type II outbursts. We have incorporated \emph{NICER, Swift-XRT, RXTE-PCA,
\emph{NuSTAR} and FERMI} observations to carry out the detailed phase and time
resolved spectral analysis of the source. We have summarized the evidence of
variability of the cyclotron feature observed in the X-ray continuum of the
source with respect to the pulse phases of the pulsar by using the recent
\emph{NuSTAR} observation of 2021...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesBroadband Spectral properties of MAXI J1348--630 using AstroSat ObservationsBroadband Spectral properties of MAXI J1348--630 using AstroSat Observations by Gitika Mall et al. on Monday 21 November
We present broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the black hole X-ray binary
MAXI J1348--630, performed using five AstroSat observations. The source was in
the soft spectral state for the first three and in the hard state for the last
two observations. The three soft state spectra were modelled using a
relativistic thin accretion disc with reflection features and thermal
Comptonization. Joint fitting of the soft state spectra constrained the spin
parameter of the black hole $a_*$ $>$ 0.97 and the disc inclination angle $...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesMeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LATMeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT by Jordan Eagle et al. on Monday 21 November
We report the discovery of MeV-GeV gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT
positionally coincident with the TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS~J1554-550
within the host supernova remnant (SNR) G327.1-1.1. The gamma-ray emission is
point-like and faint but significant (> 4 sigma) in the 300MeV-2TeV energy
range. We report here the Fermi-LAT analysis of the observed gamma-ray emission
followed by a detailed multiwavelength investigation to understand the nature
of the emission. The central pulsar powering the PWN within G327.1-1.1 has...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesVariability In A Low-Mass AGN: Oscillation Or Eruption?Variability In A Low-Mass AGN: Oscillation Or Eruption? by Robbie Webbe et al. on Monday 21 November
Following the discovery of a new class of X-ray variability seen in four
galaxies, dubbed Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs), we reconsider the variability
seen in the low-mass AGN 2XMM J123103.2+110648 to ascertain whether it should
be considered the fifth QPE host galaxy. We apply the autocorrelation function
to two archival XMM-Newton observations to determine characteristic timescales
for variability of $\sim$ 13.52 ks and $\sim$ 14.35 ks. The modelling of
lightcurves, both folded at these timescales and unfolded, indicates that a
Gaussian model is preferable over a sinusoidal...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesGrowing Black Holes through Successive Mergers in Galactic Nuclei: I Methods and First ResultsGrowing Black Holes through Successive Mergers in Galactic Nuclei: I Methods and First Results by Dany Atallah et al. on Monday 21 November
We present a novel, few-body computational framework designed to shed light
on the likelihood of forming intermediate-mass (IM) and supermassive (SM) black
holes (BHs) in nuclear star clusters (NSCs) through successive BH mergers,
initiated with a single BH seed. Using observationally motivated NSC profiles,
we find that the probability of a ${\sim}100 \, M_\odot$ BH to grow beyond
${\sim}1000 \, M_\odot$ through successive mergers ranges from ${\sim}0.1\%$ in
low-density, low-mass clusters to nearly $90\%$ in high-mass, high-density
clusters. However...
2022-11-2201 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesThe microvariability and wavelength dependence of polarization degree angle of BL Lacertae in the outburst 2020 to 2021The microvariability and wavelength dependence of polarization degree angle of BL Lacertae in the outburst 2020 to 2021 by Ryo Imazawa et al. on Monday 21 November
We have obtained simultaneous and continuous photo-polarization observations
of the blazar BL Lacertae in optical and near-infrared (NIR) bands during a
historical outburst from 2020 to 2021. In total, fourteen nights of
observations were performed where ten observations show microvariability on
timescales of a few minutes to several hours. This suggests a compact emission
region, and the timescales are difficult to explain by a one-zone shock-in-jet
model. Moreover, we found significant differences in the polarization degree
(PD) and...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesChandra measurements of gas homogeneity and turbulence at intermediate radii in the Perseus ClusterChandra measurements of gas homogeneity and turbulence at intermediate radii in the Perseus Cluster by Martijn de Vries et al. on Monday 21 November
We present a Chandra study of surface brightness fluctuations in the diffuse
intracluster medium of the Perseus Cluster. Our study utilizes deep, archival
imaging of the cluster core as well as a new mosaic of 29 short 5 ks
observations extending in 8 different directions out to radii of r_500 ~
2.2r_2500. Under the assumption that the distribution of densities at a given
radius is log-normally distributed, two important quantities can be derived
from the width of the log-normal density distribution...
2022-11-2200 minAstro arXiv | all categoriesDusty winds clear JWST super-early galaxiesDusty winds clear JWST super-early galaxies by Fabrizio Fiore et al. on Monday 21 November
The JWST discovery of a number of super-early (redshift $z>10$), blue
galaxies requires these systems to be essentially dust-free in spite of their
large stellar masses. A possible explanation is that dust is evacuated by
radiatively-driven outflows. We test this hypothesis by deriving the Eddington
ratio, $\lambda_E$, for 134 galaxies at $6.5< z
13\, \rm Gyr^{-1}$ develop powerful outflows clearing the galaxy from its dust.
This result is supported by ALMA dust continuum non-detections in three
super-early systems
arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08937...
2022-11-2200 min