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Showing episodes and shows of
Corentin Cadiou
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Astro arXiv | all categories
The origin of star-forming rings in S0 galaxies
The origin of star-forming rings in S0 galaxies by J. L. Tous et al. on Monday 21 November Spatially resolved IFS maps in a sample of $532$ S0 galaxies from the MaNGA survey have unveiled the existence of inner rings ($\langle R\rangle\sim 1\,R_\mathrm{e}$) betraying ongoing star formation in a number of these objects. Activity gradients averaged over bins of galactocentric radius up to $\sim 1.5\,R_\mathrm{e}$ have been measured in the subspace defined by the first two principal components of the optical spectra of these galaxies. We find that the gradients sign is closely related to the...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS by Adina D. Feinstein et al. on Monday 21 November Transmission spectroscopy provides insight into the atmospheric properties and consequently the formation history, physics, and chemistry of transiting exoplanets. However, obtaining precise inferences of atmospheric properties from transmission spectra requires simultaneously measuring the strength and shape of multiple spectral absorption features from a wide range of chemical species. This has been challenging given the precision and wavelength coverage of previous observatories. Here, we present the transmission spectrum of the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b obtained using the SOSS mode of the...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Rocky histories: The effect of high excitations on the formation of rocky planets
Rocky histories: The effect of high excitations on the formation of rocky planets by Jennifer Scora et al. on Monday 21 November Rocky planets both in and outside of our solar system are observed to have a range of core-mass fractions (CMFs). Imperfect collisions can preferentially strip mantle material from a planet, changing its CMF, and are therefore thought to be the most likely cause of this observed CMF variation. However, previous work that implements these collisions into N-body simulations of planet formation has struggled to reliably form high CMF super-Earths. In this work, we specify our initial conditions and simulation...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b
A strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b by Bob Jacobs et al. on Monday 21 November We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We complement these data with literature information on stellar pulsations and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite eclipse depths of this target to obtain a broadband thermal emission spectrum. Our extracted spectrum exhibits a clear turnoff at 1.4$\mu$m. This points to H$...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Kinetically stabilized inflation
Kinetically stabilized inflation by Changhong Li et al. on Monday 21 November In this work, we propose a string-inspired two fields inflation model to address the fine-tuning problem that the standard inflation model suffers. The fast-rolling tachyon $\mathcal{T}$ originated from the D-brane and anti-D-brane pair annihilation locks the inflaton $\varphi$ slowly rolling on a Higgs-like potential $V(\varphi)=-m_\varphi^2\varphi^2+\lambda \varphi^4$ and drives a kinetically stabilized (KS) inflation. Our numerical simulation confirms such a solution is a dynamic attractor. In particular, for $\lambda< 0.8\times 10^{-3}$, the e-folding number contributed by the KS inflation phase can be larger than $62$...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Void Lensing in Cubic Galileon Gravity
Void Lensing in Cubic Galileon Gravity by Chen Su et al. on Monday 21 November Weak lensing studies via cosmic voids are a promising probe of Modified Gravity (MG). The Excess Surface mass Density (ESD) is widely used as a lensing statistics in weak lensing researches. In this paper we use the ray-tracing method to study the ESD around voids in simulations based on the Cubic Galileon (CG) gravity. With the compilation of N-body simulation and ray-tracing method, changes on the structure formation and deflection angle resulting from MG can both be considered, making the extraction of lensing signals more realistic...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A unified model for the co-evolution of galaxies and their circumgalactic medium: the relative roles of turbulence and atomic cooling physics
A unified model for the co-evolution of galaxies and their circumgalactic medium: the relative roles of turbulence and atomic cooling physics by Viraj Pandya et al. on Monday 21 November The circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a pivotal role in regulating gas flows around galaxies and thus shapes their evolution. However, the details of how galaxies and their CGM co-evolve remain poorly understood. We present a new time-dependent two-zone model that self-consistently tracks not just mass and metal flows between galaxies and their CGM but also the evolution of the global thermal and turbulent kinetic energy of the CGM. Our model accounts...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Direct Evidence of Photochemistry in an Exoplanet Atmosphere
Direct Evidence of Photochemistry in an Exoplanet Atmosphere by Shang-Min Tsai et al. on Monday 21 November Photochemistry is a fundamental process of planetary atmospheres that is integral to habitability, atmospheric composition and stability, and aerosol formation. However, no unambiguous photochemical products have been detected in exoplanet atmospheres to date. Here we show that photochemically produced sulphur dioxide (SO$_2$) is present in the atmosphere of the hot, giant exoplanet WASP-39b, as constrained by data from the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Early Release Science Program and informed by a suite of photochemical models. We find that SO$_2$ is produced by successive oxidation...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
As a matter of dynamical range -- scale dependent energy dynamics in MHD turbulence
As a matter of dynamical range -- scale dependent energy dynamics in MHD turbulence by Philipp Grete et al. on Monday 21 November Magnetized turbulence is ubiquitous in many astrophysical and terrestrial plasmas but no universal theory exists. Even the detailed energy dynamics in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are still not well understood. We present a suite of subsonic, super-Alfv\'enic, high plasma-beta MHD turbulence simulations that only vary in their dynamical range, i.e., in their separation between the large-scale forcing and dissipation scales, and their dissipation mechanism (implicit large eddy simulation, ILES, versus and direct numerical simulation, DNS). Using an...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Early Release Science of the Exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H
Early Release Science of the Exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H by Lili Alderson et al. on Monday 21 November Measuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems. Access to an exoplanet's chemical inventory requires high-precision observations, often inferred from individual molecular detections with low-resolution space-based and high-resolution ground-based facilities. Here we report the medium-resolution (R$\sim$600) transmission spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere between 3-5 $\mu$m covering multiple absorption features for the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b, obtained with JWST NIRSpec G395H...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRCam by Eva-Maria Ahrer et al. on Monday 21 November Measuring the metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio in exoplanet atmospheres is a fundamental step towards constraining the dominant chemical processes at work and, if in equilibrium, revealing planet formation histories. Transmission spectroscopy provides the necessary means by constraining the abundances of oxygen- and carbon-bearing species; however, this requires broad wavelength coverage, moderate spectral resolution, and high precision that, together, are not achievable with previous observatories. Now that JWST has commenced science operations, we are able to observe exoplanets at previously ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Exploring Earth's Ionosphere and its effect on low radio frequency observation with the uGMRT and the SKA
Exploring Earth's Ionosphere and its effect on low radio frequency observation with the uGMRT and the SKA by Sarvesh Mangla et al. on Monday 21 November The Earth's ionosphere introduces systematic effects that limit the performance of a radio interferometer at low frequencies ($\lesssim 1$\,GHz). These effects become more pronounced for severe geomagnetic activities or observations involving longer baselines of the interferometer. The uGMRT, a pathfinder for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), is located in between the northern crest of the Equatorial Ionisation Anomaly (EIA) and the magnetic equator. Hence, this telescope is more prone to severe ionospheric conditions and is...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM by Z. Rustamkulov et al. on Monday 21 November Transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapor, aerosols, and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations' relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species$-$in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5-5.5 $\mu$m atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39 b, a 1200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A Census of the Taurus Star-forming Region and Neighboring Associations with Gaia
A Census of the Taurus Star-forming Region and Neighboring Associations with Gaia by K. L. Luhman. on Monday 21 November I have used high-precision photometry and astrometry from the third data release of Gaia (DR3) to perform a survey for members of the Taurus star-forming region and young associations in its vicinity. This work has produced a new catalog of 532 adopted members of Taurus, which has only minor changes relative to the previous catalog from Esplin & Luhman 2019. I have used the Gaia astrometry to divide the Taurus members into 13 groups that have distinct kinematics. Meanwhile, I have identified 1378 candidate members of ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Mock Galaxy Surveys for HST and JWST from the IllustrisTNG Simulations
Mock Galaxy Surveys for HST and JWST from the IllustrisTNG Simulations by Gregory F. Snyder et al. on Monday 21 November We present and analyze a series of synthetic galaxy survey fields based on the IllustrisTNG Simulation suite. With the Illustris public data release and JupyterLab service, we generated a set of twelve lightcone catalogs covering areas from 5 to 365 square arcminutes, similar to several JWST Cycle 1 programs, including JADES, CEERS, PRIMER, and NGDEEP. From these catalogs, we queried the public API to generate simple mock images in a series of broadband filters used by JWST-NIRCam and the Hubble Space Telescope cameras...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Scalable Bayesian Inference for Finding Strong Gravitational Lenses
Scalable Bayesian Inference for Finding Strong Gravitational Lenses by Yash Patel et al. on Monday 21 November Finding strong gravitational lenses in astronomical images allows us to assess cosmological theories and understand the large-scale structure of the universe. Previous works on lens detection do not quantify uncertainties in lens parameter estimates or scale to modern surveys. We present a fully amortized Bayesian procedure for lens detection that overcomes these limitations. Unlike traditional variational inference, in which training minimizes the reverse Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence, our method is trained with an expected forward KL divergence. Using synthetic GalSim images and real Sloan Digital...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals
Formation of Lunar Basins from Impacts of Leftover Planetesimals by David Nesvorny et al. on Monday 21 November The Moon holds important clues to the early evolution of the Solar System. Some 50 impact basins (crater diameter D>300 km) have been recognized on the lunar surface, implying that the early impact flux was much higher than it is now. The basin-forming impactors were suspected to be asteroids released from an inner extension of the main belt (1.8-2.0 au). Here we show that most impactors were instead rocky planetesimals left behind at 0.5-1.5 au after the terrestrial planet accretion. The number of basins...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
On the evaluation of solar wind's heating rates
On the evaluation of solar wind's heating rates by Arnaud Zaslavsky. on Monday 21 November Solar wind heating rates have often been calculated by fitting plasma and magnetic field data with a set of model functions. In this letter, we show that the rates obtained by such an approach strongly depend on the rather arbitrary choice one makes for these model functions. An alternative approach, consisting in monitoring the radial evolution of the adiabatic invariants, based on locally and consistently measured plasma and magnetic field parameters, is free from such a flaw. We apply this technique to a recently released Helios...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Computing First-Passage Times with the Functional Renormalisation Group
Computing First-Passage Times with the Functional Renormalisation Group by Gerasimos Rigopoulos et al. on Monday 21 November We use Functional Renormalisation Group (FRG) techniques to analyse the behaviour of a spectator field, $\sigma$, during inflation that obeys an overdamped Langevin equation. We briefly review how a derivative expansion of the FRG can be used to obtain Effective Equations of Motion (EEOM) for the one- and two-point function and derive the EEOM for the three-point function. We show how to compute quantities like the amplitude of the power spectrum and the spectral tilt from the FRG. We do this explicitly for a...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The Molecular-Gas Main Sequence and Schmidt-Kennicutt relation are fundamental, the Star-Forming Main Sequence is a useful byproduct
The Molecular-Gas Main Sequence and Schmidt-Kennicutt relation are fundamental, the Star-Forming Main Sequence is a useful byproduct by William M. Baker et al. on Monday 21 November We investigate the relationship between the star formation rate (SFR), stellar mass ($M_*$) and molecular gas mass ($M_{H_2}$) for local star-forming galaxies. We further investigate these relationships for high-z (z=1-3) galaxies and for the hosts of a local sample of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We explore which of these dependencies are intrinsic and which are an indirect by-product by employing partial correlation coefficients and random forest regression. We find that for local...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The role of the magnetic fields in GRB outflows
The role of the magnetic fields in GRB outflows by N. Jordana-Mitjans et al. on Monday 21 November Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are bright extragalactic flashes of gamma-ray radiation and briefly the most energetic explosions in the Universe. Their catastrophic origin (the merger of compact objects or the collapse of massive stars) drives the formation of a newborn compact remnant (black hole or magnetar) that powers two highly relativistic jets. To distinguish between magnetized and baryonic jet models and ultimately determine the power source for these energetic explosions, our team studies the polarization of the light during the first minutes after the...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A simple spectroscopic technique to identify rejuvenating galaxies
A simple spectroscopic technique to identify rejuvenating galaxies by Junyu Zhang et al. on Monday 21 November Rejuvenating galaxies are unusual galaxies that fully quench and then subsequently experience a "rejuvenation" event to become star-forming once more. Rejuvenation rates vary substantially in models of galaxy formation: 10%-70% of massive galaxies are expected to experience rejuvenation by z = 0. Measuring the rate of rejuvenation is therefore important for calibrating the strength of star formation feedback mechanisms. However, these observations are challenging because rejuvenating systems blend in with normal star-forming galaxies in broadband photometry. In this paper, we use the galaxy spectral energy distribution...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Growing evidence for high-energy neutrinos originating in radio blazars
Growing evidence for high-energy neutrinos originating in radio blazars by A. V. Plavin et al. on Monday 21 November Evidence for bright radio blazars being high-energy neutrino sources was found in recent years. Specifics of how and where these particles get produced still remain not fully determined. In this paper, we add 14 new IceCube detections from 2020-2022 to update our analysis of the neutrino-blazars connection. We test and refine earlier findings by utilizing the total of 71 track-like high-energy IceCube events from 2009-2022. We correlate them with the complete sample of 3412 extragalactic radio sources selected by their compact radio emission. We demonstrate...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A Detailed Look at the Most Obscured Galactic Nuclei in the Mid-Infrared
A Detailed Look at the Most Obscured Galactic Nuclei in the Mid-Infrared by F. R. Donnan et al. on Monday 21 November Context. Compact Obscured Nuclei (CONs) are an extreme phase of galaxy evolution where rapid supermassive black hole growth and$/$or compact star-forming activity is completely obscured by gas and dust. Aims. We investigate the properties of CONs in the mid-infrared and explore techniques aimed at identifying these objects such as through the equivalent width (EW) ratios of their Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) features. Methods. We model Spitzer spectra by decomposing the continua into nuclear and star-forming components from which...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A General Bayesian Framework to Account for Foreground Map Errors in Global 21-cm Experiments
A General Bayesian Framework to Account for Foreground Map Errors in Global 21-cm Experiments by Michael Pagano et al. on Monday 21 November Measurement of the global 21-cm signal during Cosmic Dawn (CD) and the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is made difficult by bright foreground emission which is 2-5 orders of magnitude larger than the expected signal. Fitting for a physics-motivated parametric forward model of the data within a Bayesian framework provides a robust means to separate the signal from the foregrounds, given sufficient information about the instrument and sky. It has previously been demonstrated that, within such a modelling framework...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
An investigation of open clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20 using CCD UBV and Gaia DR3 data
An investigation of open clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20 using CCD UBV and Gaia DR3 data by Talar Yontan. on Monday 21 November We performed detailed photometric and astrometric analyses of the open star clusters Berkeley 68 and Stock 20. This was based on ground-based CCD UBV photometric data complemented by space-based Gaia Data Release 3 photometry and astrometry. 198 stars were identified as likely cluster members for Berkeley 68 and 51 for Stock 20. Two-color diagrams were used to derive the reddening and photometric metallicity for each cluster. The reddening for Berkeley 68 is $E(B-V)=0.520 \pm 0.032$ and $0.400 \pm 0.048$ mag for Stock 20. Photometric metallicity [Fe/H] is $-0.13 \pm 0.08$...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
JWST NIRCam Probes Young Star Clusters in the Reionization Era Sunrise Arc
JWST NIRCam Probes Young Star Clusters in the Reionization Era Sunrise Arc by E. Vanzella et al. on Monday 21 November Star cluster formation in the early universe and their contribution to reionization remains to date largely unconstrained. Here we present JWST/NIRCam imaging of the most highly magnified galaxy known at z ~ 6, the Sunrise arc. We identify six young massive star clusters (YMCs) with measured radii spanning ~ 20 pc down to ~ 1 pc (corrected for lensing magnification), estimated stellar masses of ~ $10^{(6-7)}$ Msun, and with ages 1-30 Myr based on SED fitting to photometry measured in 8 filters extending to rest-frame 7000A. The...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The propertities of wind and jet from a super-Eddington accretion flow around a supermassive black hole
The propertities of wind and jet from a super-Eddington accretion flow around a supermassive black hole by Hai Yang et al. on Monday 21 November Wind and jet are important medium of AGN feedback thus it is crucial to obtain their properties for the feedback study. In this paper we investigate the properties of wind and jet launched from a super-Eddington accretion flow around a supermassive black hole. For this aim, we have performed radiation magnetohydrodynamical simulation of a magnetically arrested super-Eddington accretion flows. We then have analyzed the simulation data by the ``virtual particle trajectory'' approach and obtained the mass...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The Isaac Newton Telescope monitoring survey of Local Group dwarf galaxies--V The star formation history of Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy derived from long period variable stars
The Isaac Newton Telescope monitoring survey of Local Group dwarf galaxies--V The star formation history of Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy derived from long period variable stars by Tahere Parto et al. on Monday 21 November We conducted an optical monitoring survey of the Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy (SagDIG) during the period of June 2016 -- October 2017, using the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) at La Palama. Our goal was to identify Long Period Variable stars (LPVs), namely asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs) and red supergiant stars (RSGs), to obtain the Star Formation History (SFH) of isolated, metal-poor SagDIG. For our purpose, we...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Two decades of optical timing of the shortest-period binary star system HM Cancri
Two decades of optical timing of the shortest-period binary star system HM Cancri by James Munday et al. on Monday 21 November The shortest-period binary star system known to date, RX J0806.3+1527 (HM Cancri), has now been observed in the optical for more than two decades. Although it is thought to be a double degenerate binary undergoing mass transfer, an early surprise was that its orbital frequency, $f_0$, is currently increasing as the result of gravitational wave radiation. This is unusual since it was expected that the mass donor was degenerate and would expand on mass loss, leading to a decreasing $...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
DESI Mock Challenge VII: halo and galaxy catalogs with the Bias Assignment Method
DESI Mock Challenge VII: halo and galaxy catalogs with the Bias Assignment Method by Andrés Balaguera-Antolínez et al. on Monday 21 November This paper presents the generation of a suit of mock catalogs of dark matter halos and galaxies, aiming at the assessment of precise covariance matrix for cosmological analysis. The set of halo mock catalogs display accurate summary statistics and detailed assignment of halo properties (e.g., velocity dispersion, halo mass), enabling the possibility of using models of halo occupation distribution (HOD) to construct mock catalogs with different galaxy types. In particular, we generate mock catalogs based on HO...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Local gravitational instability of stratified rotating fluids: 3D criteria for gaseous discs
Local gravitational instability of stratified rotating fluids: 3D criteria for gaseous discs by Carlo Nipoti. on Monday 21 November Fragmentation of rotating gaseous systems via gravitational instability is believed to be a crucial mechanism in several astrophysical processes, such as formation of planets in protostellar discs, of molecular clouds in galactic discs, and of stars in molecular clouds. Gravitational instability is fairly well understood for infinitesimally thin discs. However, the thin-disc approximation is not justified in many cases, and it is of general interest to study the gravitational instability of rotating fluids with different degrees of rotation support and stratification. We...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Detecting planetary mass companions near the water frost-line using JWST interferometry
Detecting planetary mass companions near the water frost-line using JWST interferometry by Shrishmoy Ray et al. on Monday 21 November JWST promises to be the most versatile infrared observatory for the next two decades. The Near Infrared and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument, when used in the Aperture Masking Interferometry (AMI) mode, will provide an unparalleled combination of angular resolution and sensitivity compared to any existing observatory at mid-infrared wavelengths. Using simulated observations in conjunction with evolutionary models, we present the capability of this mode to image planetary mass companions around nearby stars at small orbital separations near the circumstellar water frost-line...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A new catalogue of solar flare events from soft x-ray GOES signal in the period 1986-2020
A new catalogue of solar flare events from soft x-ray GOES signal in the period 1986-2020 by Nicola Plutino et al. on Monday 21 November Solar flares, along with other sun-originated events such as Coronal Mass Ejections, fast solar wind streams, and solar energetic particles are among the most relevant events in Space Weather. Moreover, solar flares are the most energetic processes that occur in our solar system. The in-depth study of their occurrence statistics, both over extended periods or during individual solar cycles, allows us to improve and constrain the basic physical models of their origin. Increasing the number of...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Surviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice
Surviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice by Vishaal Singh et al. on Monday 21 November As an initial step towards in-situ exploration of the interiors of Ocean Worlds to search for life using cryobot architectures, we test how various communication tethers behave under potential Europa-like stress conditions. By freezing two types of pretensioned insulated fiber optic cables inside ice blocks, we simulate tethers being refrozen in a probe's wake as it traverses through an Ocean World's ice shell. Using a cryogenic biaxial apparatus, we simulate shear...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Venus Life Finder Habitability Mission: Motivation, Science Objectives, and Instrumentation
Venus Life Finder Habitability Mission: Motivation, Science Objectives, and Instrumentation by Sara Seager et al. on Monday 21 November For over half a century, scientists have contemplated the potential existence of life within the clouds of Venus. Unknown chemistry leaves open the possibility that certain regions of the Venusian atmosphere are habitable. In situ atmospheric measurements with a suite of modern instruments can determine whether the cloud decks possess the characteristics needed to support life as we know it. The key habitability factors are cloud particle droplet acidity and cloud-layer water content. We envision an instrument suite to measure not only ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Compact jets dominate the continuum emission in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei
Compact jets dominate the continuum emission in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei by J. A. Fernández-Ontiveros et al. on Monday 21 November The disappearance of the accretion disc in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN) leaves behind a faint optical nuclear continuum whose nature has been largely debated, mainly due to serious observational limitations in the IR to UV range. We combine multi-wavelength sub-arcsecond resolution observations -- able to isolate the genuine nuclear continuum -- with nebular lines in the mid-IR, to indirectly probe the shape of the extreme UV continuum. We found that 8 of the nearest prototype LLAGN are compatible with p...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
High and dry: billion-year trends in the aridity of river-forming climates on Mars
High and dry: billion-year trends in the aridity of river-forming climates on Mars by Edwin S. Kite et al. on Monday 21 November Mars' wet-to-dry transition is a major environmental catastrophe, yet the spatial pattern, tempo, and cause of drying are poorly constrained. We built a globally-distributed database of constraints on Mars late-stage paleolake size relative to catchment area (aridity index), and found evidence for climate zonation as Mars was drying out. Aridity increased over time in southern midlatitude highlands, where lakes became proportionally as small as in modern Nevada. Meanwhile, intermittently wetter climates persisted in equatorial and northern-midlatitude lowlands. This...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Investigating dark energy by electromagnetic frequency shifts II: the Pantheon+ sample
Investigating dark energy by electromagnetic frequency shifts II: the Pantheon+ sample by Giuseppe Sarracino et al. on Monday 21 November Following results presented in Eur. Phys. J. Plus, {\bf 137} (2022) 253 by the same authors, we investigate the observed red shift $z$, working under the hypothesis that it might be composed by the expansion red shift $z_{\rm C}$ and an additional frequency shift $z_{\rm S}$, towards the red or the blue, due to Extended Theories of Electromagnetism (ETE). We have tested this prediction considering the novel Pantheon+ Catalogue, composed by 1701 light curves collected by 1550 SNe Ia, and 16 BAO data, for different...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The luminous type Ia supernova 2022ilv and its early excess emission
The luminous type Ia supernova 2022ilv and its early excess emission by Shubham Srivastav et al. on Monday 21 November We present observations and analysis of the host-less and luminous type Ia supernova 2022ilv, illustrating it is part of the 2003fg-like family, often referred to as super-Chandrasekhar (Ia-SC) explosions. The ATLAS light curve shows evidence of a short-lived, pulse-like early excess, similar to that detected in another luminous type Ia supernova (SN 2020hvf). The light curve is broad and the early spectra are remarkably similar to SN 2009dc. Adopting a redshift of $z=0.026 \pm 0.005$ for SN 2022ilv based on spectral matching...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Rome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope: precision solar full-disk photometry during solar cycles 23-25
Rome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope: precision solar full-disk photometry during solar cycles 23-25 by Ilaria Ermolli et al. on Monday 21 November The Rome Precision Solar Photometric Telescope (Rome/PSPT) is a ground-based telescope engaged in precision solar photometry. It has a 27-year database of full-disk images of the photosphere and chromosphere beginning in 1996 and continuing to 2022. The solar images have been obtained daily, weather permitting, with approximately 2 arcsec/pixel scale in Ca II K line at 393.3 nm, G-band at 430.6 nm, and continuum in the blue and red parts of the spectrum at 409.4 nm and 607.2 nm, respectively. Regular observations were also ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Global simulations of Tayler instability in stellar interiors: a long-time multi-stage evolution of the magnetic field
Global simulations of Tayler instability in stellar interiors: a long-time multi-stage evolution of the magnetic field by G. Monteiro et al. on Monday 21 November Magnetic fields have been observed in massive Ap/Bp stars and presumably are also present in the radiative zone of solar-like stars. Yet, to date there is no clear understanding of the dynamics of the magnetic field in stably stratified layers. A purely toroidal magnetic field configuration is known to be unstable, developing mainly non-axisymmetric modes. Rotation and a small poloidal field component may lead to a stable configuration. Here we perform global MHD simulations with...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Line Emission Mapper LEM : Probing physics of cosmic ecosystems
Line Emission Mapper LEM : Probing physics of cosmic ecosystems by Ralph Kraft et al. on Monday 21 November The Line Emission Mapper (LEM) is an X-ray Probe for the 2030s that will answer the outstanding questions of the Universe's structure formation. It will also provide transformative new observing capabilities for every area of astrophysics, and to heliophysics and planetary physics as well. LEM's main goal is a comprehensive look at the physics of galaxy formation, including stellar and black-hole feedback and flows of baryonic matter into and out of galaxies. These processes are best studied in X-rays, and emission-line mapping is...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Velocity-Coherent Substructure in TMC-1: Inflow and Fragmentation
Velocity-Coherent Substructure in TMC-1: Inflow and Fragmentation by Simon E. T. Smith et al. on Monday 21 November Filamentary structures have been found nearly ubiquitously in molecular clouds and yet their formation and evolution is still poorly understood. We examine a segment of Taurus Molecular Cloud 1 (TMC-1) that appears as a single, narrow filament in continuum emission from dust. We use the Regularized Optimization for Hyper-Spectral Analysis (ROHSA), a Gaussian decomposition algorithm which enforces spatial coherence when fitting multiple velocity components simultaneously over a data cube. We analyze HC$_5$N (9-8) line emission as part of the Green Bank Ammonia Survey...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
When Does Gyrochronology Start to Work? Stellar Rotation and Structure of the α Persei Complex
When Does Gyrochronology Start to Work? Stellar Rotation and Structure of the α Persei Complex by Andrew W. Boyle et al. on Monday 21 November On the pre-main-sequence, the rotation rates of Sun-like stars are dictated by the interplay between the protostellar disk and the star's contraction. At ages exceeding 100 million years (Myr), magnetic spin-down erases the initial stellar spin rate and enables rotation-based age dating (gyrochronology). The exact time at which the transition between these two regimes occurs depends on stellar mass, and has been challenging to empirically resolve due to a lack of viable calibration clusters. The $\alpha$ Persei open c...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Mapping Tropical Forest Cover and Deforestation with Planet NICFI Satellite Images and Deep Learning in Mato Grosso State Brazil from 2015 to 2021
Mapping Tropical Forest Cover and Deforestation with Planet NICFI Satellite Images and Deep Learning in Mato Grosso State Brazil from 2015 to 2021 by Fabien H Wagner et al. on Monday 21 November Monitoring changes in tree cover for rapid assessment of deforestation is considered the critical component of any climate mitigation policy for reducing carbon. Here, we map tropical tree cover and deforestation between 2015 and 2022 using 5 m spatial resolution Planet NICFI satellite images over the state of Mato Grosso (MT) in Brazil and a U-net deep learning model. The tree cover for the state was 556510.8 km$^2$ in 2015 (58.1 % of the MT State) and...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Mind the gap: The discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess
Mind the gap: The discrepancy between simulation and reality drives interpretations of the Galactic Center Excess by Sascha Caron et al. on Monday 21 November The origin of the so-called Galactic Center Excess in GeV gamma rays has been debated for more than 10 years. What makes this excess so interesting is the possibility of interpreting it as additional radiation consistent with that expected from dark matter annihilation. Alternatively, the excess could come from undetected point sources. In this work, we examine the following questions: Since the majority of the previously reported interpretations of this excess are highly dependent on the simulation...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Starlet higher order statistics for galaxy clustering and weak lensing
Starlet higher order statistics for galaxy clustering and weak lensing by Virginia Ajani et al. on Monday 21 November We present a first application to photometric galaxy clustering and weak lensing of wavelet based multi-scale higher order summary statistics: starlet peak counts and starlet $\ell_1$-norm. Peak counts are the local maxima in the map and the $\ell_1$-norm is computed via the sum of the absolute values of the starlet (wavelet) decomposition coefficients of a map, providing a fast multi-scale calculation of the pixel distribution, encoding the information of all pixels in the map. We employ the cosmo-SLICS simulations sources...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
How does dark matter affect compact star properties and high density constraints of strongly interacting matter
How does dark matter affect compact star properties and high density constraints of strongly interacting matter by Violetta Sagun et al. on Monday 21 November We study the impact of asymmetric bosonic dark matter on neutron star properties, including possible changes of tidal deformability, maximum mass, radius, and matter distribution inside the star. The conditions at which dark matter particles tend to condensate in the star's core or create an extended halo are presented. We show that dark matter condensed in a core leads to a decrease of the total gravitational mass and tidal deformability compared to a pure baryonic star...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Radiometric sensitivity and resolution of synthetic tracking imaging for orbital debris monitoring
Radiometric sensitivity and resolution of synthetic tracking imaging for orbital debris monitoring by Hasan Bahcivan et al. on Monday 21 November We consider sampling and detection strategies for solar illuminated space debris. We argue that the lowest detectable debris cross section may be reduced by 10-100x by analysis of phase-space-pixels rather than single frame data. The phase-space-pixel is a weighted stacking of pixels corresponding to a test debris trajectory within the very wide camera field-of-view (FOV). To isolate debris signals from background, exposure time is set to match the time it takes a debris to transit through the instantaneous field...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
GRaM-X: A new GPU-accelerated dynamical spacetime GRMHD code for Exascale computing with the Einstein Toolkit
GRaM-X: A new GPU-accelerated dynamical spacetime GRMHD code for Exascale computing with the Einstein Toolkit by Swapnil Shankar et al. on Monday 21 November We present GRaM-X (General Relativistic accelerated Magnetohydrodynamics on AMReX), a new GPU-accelerated dynamical-spacetime general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) code which extends the GRMHD capability of Einstein Toolkit to GPU-based exascale systems. GRaM-X supports 3D adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) on GPUs via a new AMR driver for the Einstein Toolkit called CarpetX which in turn leverages AMReX, an AMR library developed for use by the United States DOE's Exascale Computing Project (ECP). We use the Z4c formalism to...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Eccentricity or spin precession? Distinguishing subdominant effects in gravitational-wave data
Eccentricity or spin precession? Distinguishing subdominant effects in gravitational-wave data by Isobel M. Romero-Shaw et al. on Monday 21 November Eccentricity and spin precession are key observables in gravitational-wave astronomy, encoding precious information about the astrophysical formation of compact binaries together with fine details of the relativistic two-body problem. However, the two effects can mimic each other in the emitted signals, raising issues around their distinguishability. Since inferring the existence of both eccentricity and spin precession simultaneously is -- at present -- not possible, current state-of-the-art analyses assume that either one of the effects may be present in the data. In...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
StarDICE I: sensor calibration bench and absolute photometric calibration of a Sony IMX411 sensor
StarDICE I: sensor calibration bench and absolute photometric calibration of a Sony IMX411 sensor by Marc Betoule et al. on Monday 21 November The Hubble diagram of type-Ia supernovae (SNe-Ia) provides cosmological constraints on the nature of dark energy with an accuracy limited by the flux calibration of currently available spectrophotometric standards. The StarDICE experiment aims at establishing a 5-stage metrology chain from NIST photodiodes to stars, with a targeted accuracy of \SI{1}{mmag} in $griz$ colors. We present the first two stages, resulting in the calibration transfer from NIST photodiodes to a demonstration \SI{150}{Mpixel} CMOS sensor (Sony IMX411ALR...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Saturn's Seasonal Variability from Four Decades of Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Observations
Saturn's Seasonal Variability from Four Decades of Ground-Based Mid-Infrared Observations by James S. D. Blake et al. on Monday 21 November A multi-decade record of ground-based mid-infrared (7-25 $\mu$m) images of Saturn is used to explore seasonal and non-seasonal variability in thermal emission over more than a Saturnian year (1984-2022). Thermal emission measured by 3-m and 8-m-class observatories compares favourably with synthetic images based on both Cassini-derived temperature records and the predictions of radiative climate models. 8-m class facilities are capable of resolving thermal contrasts on the scale of Saturn's belts, zones, polar hexagon, and polar cyclones, superimposed onto large-scale...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
i cm z , a semi-analytic model for the thermodynamic properties in galaxy clusters: calibrations with mass and redshift, and implication for the hydrostatic bias
i cm z , a semi-analytic model for the thermodynamic properties in galaxy clusters: calibrations with mass and redshift, and implication for the hydrostatic bias by S. Ettori et al. on Monday 21 November In the self-similar scenario for galaxy cluster formation and evolution, the thermodynamic properties of the X-ray emitting plasma can be predicted in their dependencies on the halo mass and redshift only. However, several departures from this simple self-similar scenario have been observed. We show how our semi-analytic model $i(cm)z$, which modifies the self-similar predictions through two temperature-dependent quantities, the gas mass fraction $f_g=f_0 T...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst?
Neutrinos from the Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst? by Kohta Murase et al. on Monday 21 November We discuss implications that can be obtained by searches for neutrinos from the brightest gamma-ray burst, GRB 221009A. We derive constraints on GRB model parameters such as the cosmic-ray loading factor and dissipation radius, taking into account both neutrino spectra and effective areas. The results are strong enough to constrain proton acceleration near the photosphere, and we find that the single burst limits are comparable to those from stacking analysis. Quasithermal neutrinos from subphotospheres and ultrahigh-energy neutrinos from external shocks are not yet constrained. We show...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The unaltered pulsar: GRO J1750-27, a super-critical X-ray neutron star that does not blink an eye
The unaltered pulsar: GRO J1750-27, a super-critical X-ray neutron star that does not blink an eye by C. Malacaria et al. on Monday 21 November When accreting X-ray pulsars (XRPs) undergo bright X-ray outbursts, their luminosity-dependent spectral and timing features can be analysed in detail. The XRP GRO J1750-27 recently underwent one of such episodes, during which it was observed with $NuSTAR$ and monitored with $NICER$. Such a data set is rarely available, as it samples the outburst over more than a month at a luminosity that is always exceeding ${\sim}5\times10^{37}\,$erg/s. This value is larger than...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Non-synchronous rotation on Europa driven by ocean currents
Non-synchronous rotation on Europa driven by ocean currents by Yosef Ashkenazy et al. on Monday 21 November It has been suggested that the ice shell of Jupiter's moon Europa may drift non-synchronously due to tidal torques. Here we argue that torques applied by the underlying ocean are also important and can result in retrograde non-synchronous rotation (NSR). We develop an ice shell rotation model, driven by ocean stress calculated using a high-resolution state-of-the-art ocean general circulation model, and take into account the viscoelastic deformation of the ice shell. We use the ice shell model results together with observed limits on the...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Machine learning constraints on deviations from general relativity from the large scale structure of the Universe
Machine learning constraints on deviations from general relativity from the large scale structure of the Universe by George Alestas et al. on Monday 21 November We use a particular machine learning approach, called the genetic algorithms (GA), in order to place constraints on deviations from general relativity (GR) via a possible evolution of Newton's constant $\mu\equiv G_\mathrm{eff}/G_\mathrm{N}$ and of the dark energy anisotropic stress $\eta$, both defined to be equal to one in GR. Specifically, we use a plethora of background and linear-order perturbations data, such as type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations, cosmic chronometers...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The galaxy formation origin of the lensing is low problem
The galaxy formation origin of the lensing is low problem by Jonas Chaves-Montero et al. on Monday 21 November Recent analyses show that $\Lambda$CDM-based models optimised to reproduce the clustering of massive galaxies overestimate their gravitational lensing by about 30\%, the so-called lensing is low problem. Using a state-of-the-art hydrodynamical simulation, we show that this discrepancy reflects shortcomings in standard galaxy-halo connection models rather than tensions within the $\Lambda$CDM paradigm itself. Specifically, this problem results from ignoring a variety of galaxy formation effects, including assembly bias, segregation of satellite galaxies relative to dark matter, and baryonic effects on the matter ...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Diversity of dust properties in external galaxies confirmed by polarization signals from Type II supernovae
Diversity of dust properties in external galaxies confirmed by polarization signals from Type II supernovae by Takashi Nagao et al. on Monday 21 November Investigating interstellar (IS) dust properties in external galaxies is important not only to infer the intrinsic properties of astronomical objects but also to understand the star/planet formation in the galaxies. From the non-Milky-Way-like extinction and interstellar polarization (ISP) observed in reddened Type~Ia supernovae (SNe), it has been suggested that their host galaxies contain dust grains whose properties are substantially different from the Milky-Way (MW) dust. It is important to investigate the universality of such non-MW-like...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The mass-radius relation of intermediate-mass planets outlined by hydrodynamic escape and thermal evolution
The mass-radius relation of intermediate-mass planets outlined by hydrodynamic escape and thermal evolution by Daria Kubyshkina et al. on Monday 21 November We employ planetary evolution modeling to reproduce the MR distribution of the 198 so far detected planets with mass and radius measured to the
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A ~200 pc-sized core of Milky Way dark matter halo constrained from the OGLE micro-lensing sky map
A ~200 pc-sized core of Milky Way dark matter halo constrained from the OGLE micro-lensing sky map by Shu-Rui Lin et al. on Monday 21 November We report the detection of a 219 $^{+10}_{-28}$ pc-sized dark matter core structure in the center of Milky Way at $68\%$ confidence level by using the micro-lensing event rate sky map data from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) survey. For the first time, we apply the spacial information of the micro-lensing sky map and model it with the detailed Milky Way structure, the Mini Dark Matter Structure (MDMS) fraction ($f_{\rm MDMS}=\Omega_{\rm MDMS}/\Omega_{\rm...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
i-SPin: An integrator for multicomponent Schrödinger-Poisson systems with self-interactions
i-SPin: An integrator for multicomponent Schrödinger-Poisson systems with self-interactions by Mudit Jain et al. on Monday 21 November We provide an algorithm and a publicly available code to numerically evolve multicomponent Schr\"{o}dinger-Poisson (SP) systems with a SO($n$) symmetry, including attractive or repulsive self-interactions in addition to gravity. Focusing on the case where the SP system represents the non-relativistic limit of a massive vector field, non-gravitational self-interactions (in particular spin-spin interactions) introduce complexities related to mass and spin conservation which are not present in purely gravitational systems. We address them with an analytical solution for the `kick' step i...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Evolution of Cosmic Voids in the Schrodinger-Poisson Formalism
Evolution of Cosmic Voids in the Schrodinger-Poisson Formalism by Aoibhinn Gallagher et al. on Monday 21 November We investigate the evolution of cosmic voids in the Schrodinger Poisson formalism, finding wave mechanical solutions for the dynamics in a standard cosmological background with appropriate boundary conditions. We compare the results in this model to those obtained using the Zel'dovich approximation. We discuss the advantages of studying voids in general and the advantages of the Schrodinger Poisson description over other approaches. In particular, emphasizing the utility of the free particle approximation. We also discuss a dimensionless number, similar to the Reynolds number, for...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Interpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind models
Interpreting molecular hydrogen and atomic oxygen line emission of T Tauri disks with photoevaporative disk-wind models by Ch. Rab et al. on Monday 21 November Winds in protoplanetary disks play an important role in their evolution and dispersal. However, what physical process is driving the winds is still unclear (i.e. magnetically vs thermally driven), and can only be understood by directly confronting theoretical models with observational data. We use hydrodynamic photoevaporative disk-wind models and post-process them with a thermo-chemical model to produce synthetic observables for the o-H$_2$ at 2.12 micron and [OI] at 0.63 micron spectral lines and directly compare the results...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
How to Interpret Measurements of Diffuse Light in Stacked Observations of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
How to Interpret Measurements of Diffuse Light in Stacked Observations of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies by Syeda Lammim Ahad et al. on Monday 21 November The diffuse light within galaxy groups and clusters provides valuable insight into the growth of massive cosmic structures. Groups are particularly interesting in this context, because they represent the link between galactic haloes and massive clusters. However, low surface brightness makes their diffuse light extremely challenging to detect individually. Stacking many groups is a promising alternative, but its physical interpretation is complicated by possible systematic variations of diffuse light profiles with other group properties. Another...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Decomposition of galactic X-ray emission with Phox: Contributions from hot gas and XRBs
Decomposition of galactic X-ray emission with Phox: Contributions from hot gas and XRBs by Stephan Vladutescu-Zopp et al. on Monday 21 November We provide a numerical framework with which spatially and spectrally accurate representations of X-ray binary populations can be studied from hydrodynamical cosmological simulations. We construct average spectra accounting for a hot gas component and verify the emergence of observed scaling relations between galaxy wide X-ray luminosity ($L_{X}$) and stellar mass ($M_{\star}$) as well as star-formation rate (SFR). Using simulated galaxy halos extracted from the $(48\,h^{-1} \mathrm{cMpc})^3$ volume of the Magneticum Pathfinder cosmological simulations at $z = 0.07$...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Temporal evolution and rigidity dependence of the solar modulation lag of Galactic cosmic rays
Temporal evolution and rigidity dependence of the solar modulation lag of Galactic cosmic rays by Nicola Tomassetti et al. on Monday 21 November When traveling in the heliosphere, Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) are subjected to the solar modulation effect, a quasiperiodical change of their intensity caused by the 11-year cycle of solar activity. Here we investigate the association of solar activity and cosmic radiation over five solar cycles, from 1965 to 2020, using a collection of multichannel data from neutron monitors, space missions, and solar observatories. In particular, we focus on the time lag between the monthly sunspot number and the GCR flux...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
DEMNUni: comparing nonlinear power spectra prescriptions in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energy
DEMNUni: comparing nonlinear power spectra prescriptions in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energy by G. Parimbelli et al. on Monday 21 November We provide an accurate comparison, against large cosmological $N$-body simulations, of different prescriptions for modelling nonlinear matter power spectra in the presence of massive neutrinos and dynamical dark energy. We test the current most widely used approaches: fitting functions (HALOFIT and HMcode), the halo-model reaction (ReACT) and emulators (baccoemu and EuclidEmulator2). Focussing on redshifts $z\leq2$ and scales $k\lesssim 1 \ h/$Mpc (where the simulation mass resolution provides $\sim 1\%$ accuracy), we find that HMcode and...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A measure of cosmological distance using the civ Baldwin effect in quasars
A measure of cosmological distance using the civ Baldwin effect in quasars by L. Huang et al. on Monday 21 November We use the anticorrelation between the equivalent width (EW) of the C\,\textsc{iv} 1549 {\AA} emission line and the continuum luminosity in the quasars rest frame (Baldwin effect) to measure their luminosity distance as well as estimate cosmological parameters. We obtain a sample of 523 Type I quasars with the UV/optical spectra and EW (C\,\textsc{iv}) measurements in the redshift range of $2.3< z< 7.1$ including 38 objects at $5 < z < 7.1$, which can be used to investigate the C\,\textsc{iv} Baldwin effect...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Accuracy and precision of triaxial orbit models II: Viewing angles, shape and orbital structure
Accuracy and precision of triaxial orbit models II: Viewing angles, shape and orbital structure by Stefano de Nicola et al. on Monday 21 November We explore the potential of our novel triaxial modeling machinery in recovering the viewing angles, the shape and the orbit distribution of galaxies by using a high-resolution $N$-body merger simulation. Our modelling technique includes several recent advancements. (i) Our new triaxial deprojection algorithm SHAPE3D is able to significantly shrink the range of possible orientations of a triaxial galaxy and therefore to constrain its shape relying only on photometric information. It also allows to probe degeneracies...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Impact of Rastall gravity on mass, radius and sound speed of the pulsar PSR J0740+6620
Impact of Rastall gravity on mass, radius and sound speed of the pulsar PSR J0740+6620 by Waleed El Hanafy. on Monday 21 November Millisecond pulsars are perfect laboratories to test possible matter-geometry coupling and its physical implications in light of recent Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) observations. We apply Rastall field equations of gravity, where matter and geometry are nonminimally coupled, to Krori-Barua interior spacetime whereas the matter source is assumed to be anisotropic fluid. We show that all physical quantities inside the star can be expressed in terms of Rastall, $\epsilon$, and compactness, $C=2GM/Rc^2$, parameters. Using NICER...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Three-dimensional numerical simulations of structured GRB jets
Three-dimensional numerical simulations of structured GRB jets by Gerardo Urrutia et al. on Monday 21 November After the detection of GRB 170817A, the first unambiguous off-axis gamma-ray burst (GRB), several studies tried to understand the structure of GRB jets. The initial jet structure (directly produced by the central engine) can be partially preserved, or can be completely modified by the interaction with the environment. In this study, we perform three-dimensional, special relativistic hydrodynamics simulations of long GRB jets evolving through a massive progenitor star. Different jet scenarios were considered: Top-hat, Gaussian jets dominated by pressure or by kinetic energy, as well...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Large Field Polynomial Inflation: Parameter Space, Predictions and Double Eternal Nature
Large Field Polynomial Inflation: Parameter Space, Predictions and Double Eternal Nature by Manuel Drees et al. on Monday 21 November Simple monomial inflationary scenarios have been ruled out by recent observations. In this work we revisit the next simplest scenario, a single--field model where the scalar potential is a polynomial of degree four which features a concave ``almost'' saddle point. We focus on trans--Planckian field values. We reparametrize the potential, which greatly simplifies the procedure for finding acceptbale model parameters. This allows for the first comprehensive scan of parameter space consistent with recent Planck and BICEP/Keck 2018 measurements. Even for trans--Planckian...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
MeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT
MeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT by Jordan Eagle et al. on Monday 21 November We report the discovery of MeV-GeV gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT positionally coincident with the TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS~J1554-550 within the host supernova remnant (SNR) G327.1-1.1. The gamma-ray emission is point-like and faint but significant (> 4 sigma) in the 300MeV-2TeV energy range. We report here the Fermi-LAT analysis of the observed gamma-ray emission followed by a detailed multiwavelength investigation to understand the nature of the emission. The central pulsar powering the PWN within G327.1-1.1 has...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Radiation from Global Topological Strings using Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Massive Modes
Radiation from Global Topological Strings using Adaptive Mesh Refinement: Massive Modes by Amelia Drew et al. on Monday 21 November We implement adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) simulations of global topological strings using the public code, GRChombo. We perform a quantitative investigation of massive radiation from single sinusoidally displaced string configurations, studying a range of string widths defined by the coupling parameter $\lambda$ over two orders of magnitude, effectively varying the mass of radiated particles $m_H \sim \sqrt{\lambda}$. We perform an in-depth investigation into the effects of AMR on massive radiation emission, including radiation trapping and the refinement required to...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Understanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets
Understanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets by P. Vásquez-Bustos et al. on Monday 21 November The environment where galaxies reside affects their evolutionary histories. Galaxy triplets (systems composed of three physically bound galaxies) constitute one of simplest group of galaxies and are therefore excellent laboratories to study evolutionary mechanisms where effects of the environment are minimal. We present a statistical study of the dynamical properties of isolated galaxy triplets as a function of their local and large scale environments. To explore the connection of the dynamical evolution on the systems with t...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
High-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instruments
High-resolution atmospheric retrievals of WASP-121b transmission spectroscopy with ESPRESSO: Consistent relative abundance constraints across multiple epochs and instruments by Cathal Maguire et al. on Monday 21 November Recent progress in high-resolution transmission spectroscopy has offered new avenues in which to characterise the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. High-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy allows for the unambiguous detection of molecules/atoms. It has also been used to map both atmospheric dynamics and longitudinal variations in the abundance of species across the morning and evening limbs. We present multiple VLT/ESPRESSO observations of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b, from which we constrain relative abundances of ...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Detecting deviations from Gaussianity in high-redshift CMB lensing maps
Detecting deviations from Gaussianity in high-redshift CMB lensing maps by Zhuoqi Zhang et al. on Monday 21 November While the probability density function (PDF) of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) convergence field approximately follows a Gaussian distribution, small contributions from structures at low redshifts make the overall distribution slightly non-Gaussian. Some of this late-time component can be modelled using the distribution of galaxies and subtracted off from the original CMB lensing map to produce a map of matter distribution at high redshifts. Using this high-redshift mass map, we are able to directly study the early phases of structure formation and look...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Deep Learning-based galaxy image deconvolution
Deep Learning-based galaxy image deconvolution by Utsav Akhaury et al. on Monday 21 November With the onset of large-scale astronomical surveys capturing millions of images, there is an increasing need to develop fast and accurate deconvolution algorithms that generalize well to different images. A powerful and accessible deconvolution method would allow for the reconstruction of a cleaner estimation of the sky. The deconvolved images would be helpful to perform photometric measurements to help make progress in the fields of galaxy formation and evolution. We propose a new deconvolution method based on the Learnlet transform. Eventually, we investigate and compare the performance...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Black-Hole Binary Formation in AGN Disks
Hydrodynamical Simulations of Black-Hole Binary Formation in AGN Disks by Jiaru Li et al. on Monday 21 November We study the close encounters between two single black holes (BHs) embedded in an AGN disk using a series of global 2D hydrodynamics simulations. We find that when the disk density is sufficiently high, bound BH binaries can be formed by the collision of their circum-single disks. Our analysis demonstrates that, after a BH pair passes the pericenter of their relative trajectory, a gas post-collision drag may slow down the BHs, possibly forcing the two BHs to stay tightly bound. A binary formed...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Linking the Internal Properties of Infant Globular Clusters to their Formation Environments
Linking the Internal Properties of Infant Globular Clusters to their Formation Environments by Frederika Phipps et al. on Monday 21 November We investigate the formation of infant globular cluster (GC) candidates in high-resolution cosmological simulations from the First Billion Years (FiBY) project. By analysing the evolution of the systems in the energy and angular momentum plane, we identify the redshift at which the infant GCs first became gravitationally bound, and we find evidence of radial infall of their gaseous and stellar components. The collapse appears to be driven by internal self-gravity, however, the initial trigger is sourced from the external environment...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Surviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice
Surviving in Ocean Worlds: Experimental Characterization of Fiber Optic Tethers across Europa-like Ice Faults and Unraveling the Sliding Behavior of Ice by Vishaal Singh et al. on Monday 21 November As an initial step towards in-situ exploration of the interiors of Ocean Worlds to search for life using cryobot architectures, we test how various communication tethers behave under potential Europa-like stress conditions. By freezing two types of pretensioned insulated fiber optic cables inside ice blocks, we simulate tethers being refrozen in a probe's wake as it traverses through an Ocean World's ice shell. Using a cryogenic biaxial apparatus, we simulate shear...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
A strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b
A strong H- opacity signal in the near-infrared emission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b by Bob Jacobs et al. on Monday 21 November We present the analysis of a spectroscopic secondary eclipse of the hottest transiting exoplanet detected to date, KELT-9b, obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope. We complement these data with literature information on stellar pulsations and Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite eclipse depths of this target to obtain a broadband thermal emission spectrum. Our extracted spectrum exhibits a clear turnoff at 1.4$\mu$m. This points to H$...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Global MHD simulations of the solar convective zone using a volleyball mesh decomposition I Pilot
Global MHD simulations of the solar convective zone using a volleyball mesh decomposition I Pilot by Andrius Popovas et al. on Monday 21 November Solar modelling has long been split into ''internal'' and ''surface'' modelling, because of the lack of tools to connect the very different scales in space and time, as well as the widely different environments and dominating physical effects involved. Significant efforts have recently been put into resolving this disconnect. We address the outstanding bottlenecks in connecting internal convection zone and dynamo simulations to the surface of the Sun, and conduct a proof-of-concept high resolution global simulation of...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Asgard NOTT: L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI I Simulating the expected high-contrast performance
Asgard NOTT: L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI I Simulating the expected high-contrast performance by Romain Laugier et al. on Monday 21 November Context: NOTT (formerly Hi-5) is a new high-contrast L' band (3.5-4.0 \textmu m) beam combiner for the VLTI with the ambitious goal to be sensitive to young giant exoplanets down to 5 mas separation around nearby stars. The performance of nulling interferometers in these wavelengths is affected both by fundamental noise from the background and by the contributions of instrumental noises. This motivates the development of end-to-end simulations to optimize these instruments. Aims: To enable the performance evaluation and...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Understanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets
Understanding the role of morphology and environment on the dynamical evolution of isolated galaxy triplets by P. Vásquez-Bustos et al. on Monday 21 November The environment where galaxies reside affects their evolutionary histories. Galaxy triplets (systems composed of three physically bound galaxies) constitute one of simplest group of galaxies and are therefore excellent laboratories to study evolutionary mechanisms where effects of the environment are minimal. We present a statistical study of the dynamical properties of isolated galaxy triplets as a function of their local and large scale environments. To explore the connection of the dynamical evolution on the systems with t...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Low-Energy Electron-Track Imaging for a Liquid Argon Time-Projection-Chamber Telescope Concept using Probabilistic Deep Learning
Low-Energy Electron-Track Imaging for a Liquid Argon Time-Projection-Chamber Telescope Concept using Probabilistic Deep Learning by M. Buuck et al. on Monday 21 November The GammaTPC is an MeV-scale single-phase liquid argon time-projection-chamber gamma-ray telescope concept with a novel dual-scale pixel-based charge-readout system. It promises to enable a significant improvement in sensitivity to MeV-scale gamma-rays over previous telescopes. The novel pixel-based charge readout allows for imaging of the tracks of electrons scattered by Compton interactions of incident gamma-rays. The two primary contributors to the accuracy of a Compton telescope in reconstructing an incident gamma-ray's original direction are its energy and position resolution...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The hard to soft transition of GX 339-4 as seen by Insight-HXMT
The hard to soft transition of GX 339-4 as seen by Insight-HXMT by Honghui Liu et al. on Monday 21 November We present an analysis of the relativistic reflection spectra of GX 339-4 during the hard-to-soft transition of its 2021 outburst observed by Insight-HXMT. The strong relativistic reflection signatures in the data suggest a high black hole spin ($a_*>0.86$) and an intermediate disk inclination angle (35-43 deg) of the system. The transition is accompanied by an increasing temperature of the disk and a softening of the corona emission while the inner disk radius remains stable. Assuming a lamppost geometry, the corona height...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Locating Hidden Exoplanets in ALMA Data Using Machine Learning
Locating Hidden Exoplanets in ALMA Data Using Machine Learning by Jason Terry et al. on Monday 21 November Exoplanets in protoplanetary disks cause localized deviations from Keplerian velocity in channel maps of molecular line emission. Current methods of characterizing these deviations are time consuming, and there is no unified standard approach. We demonstrate that machine learning can quickly and accurately detect the presence of planets. We train our model on synthetic images generated from simulations and apply it to real observations to identify forming planets in real systems. Machine learning methods, based on computer vision, are not only capable of correctly...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
CARMA-NRO Orion Survey: unbiased survey of dense cores and core mass functions in Orion A
CARMA-NRO Orion Survey: unbiased survey of dense cores and core mass functions in Orion A by Hideaki Takemura et al. on Monday 21 November The mass distribution of dense cores is a potential key to understand the process of star formation. Applying dendrogram analysis to the CARMA-NRO Orion C$^{18}$O ($J$=1--0) data, we identify 2342 dense cores, about 22 \% of which have virial ratios smaller than 2, and can be classified as gravitationally bound cores. The derived core mass function (CMF) for bound starless cores which are not associate with protostars has a slope similar to Salpeter's initial mass function (IMF) for the...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Spectral properties of the Be X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during Type II outbursts
Spectral properties of the Be X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during Type II outbursts by Binay Rai et al. on Monday 21 November We present an extended study of the Be/X-ray pulsar 2S 1553-542 during its Type II outbursts. We have incorporated \emph{NICER, Swift-XRT, RXTE-PCA, \emph{NuSTAR} and FERMI} observations to carry out the detailed phase and time resolved spectral analysis of the source. We have summarized the evidence of variability of the cyclotron feature observed in the X-ray continuum of the source with respect to the pulse phases of the pulsar by using the recent \emph{NuSTAR} observation of 2021...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Broadband Spectral properties of MAXI J1348--630 using AstroSat Observations
Broadband Spectral properties of MAXI J1348--630 using AstroSat Observations by Gitika Mall et al. on Monday 21 November We present broadband X-ray spectral analysis of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1348--630, performed using five AstroSat observations. The source was in the soft spectral state for the first three and in the hard state for the last two observations. The three soft state spectra were modelled using a relativistic thin accretion disc with reflection features and thermal Comptonization. Joint fitting of the soft state spectra constrained the spin parameter of the black hole $a_*$ $>$ 0.97 and the disc inclination angle $...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
MeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT
MeV-GeV Gamma-ray Emission from SNR G327 1-1 1 Discovered by the Fermi-LAT by Jordan Eagle et al. on Monday 21 November We report the discovery of MeV-GeV gamma-ray emission by the Fermi-LAT positionally coincident with the TeV pulsar wind nebula (PWN) HESS~J1554-550 within the host supernova remnant (SNR) G327.1-1.1. The gamma-ray emission is point-like and faint but significant (> 4 sigma) in the 300MeV-2TeV energy range. We report here the Fermi-LAT analysis of the observed gamma-ray emission followed by a detailed multiwavelength investigation to understand the nature of the emission. The central pulsar powering the PWN within G327.1-1.1 has...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Variability In A Low-Mass AGN: Oscillation Or Eruption?
Variability In A Low-Mass AGN: Oscillation Or Eruption? by Robbie Webbe et al. on Monday 21 November Following the discovery of a new class of X-ray variability seen in four galaxies, dubbed Quasi-Periodic Eruptions (QPEs), we reconsider the variability seen in the low-mass AGN 2XMM J123103.2+110648 to ascertain whether it should be considered the fifth QPE host galaxy. We apply the autocorrelation function to two archival XMM-Newton observations to determine characteristic timescales for variability of $\sim$ 13.52 ks and $\sim$ 14.35 ks. The modelling of lightcurves, both folded at these timescales and unfolded, indicates that a Gaussian model is preferable over a sinusoidal...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Growing Black Holes through Successive Mergers in Galactic Nuclei: I Methods and First Results
Growing Black Holes through Successive Mergers in Galactic Nuclei: I Methods and First Results by Dany Atallah et al. on Monday 21 November We present a novel, few-body computational framework designed to shed light on the likelihood of forming intermediate-mass (IM) and supermassive (SM) black holes (BHs) in nuclear star clusters (NSCs) through successive BH mergers, initiated with a single BH seed. Using observationally motivated NSC profiles, we find that the probability of a ${\sim}100 \, M_\odot$ BH to grow beyond ${\sim}1000 \, M_\odot$ through successive mergers ranges from ${\sim}0.1\%$ in low-density, low-mass clusters to nearly $90\%$ in high-mass, high-density clusters. However...
2022-11-22
01 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
The microvariability and wavelength dependence of polarization degree angle of BL Lacertae in the outburst 2020 to 2021
The microvariability and wavelength dependence of polarization degree angle of BL Lacertae in the outburst 2020 to 2021 by Ryo Imazawa et al. on Monday 21 November We have obtained simultaneous and continuous photo-polarization observations of the blazar BL Lacertae in optical and near-infrared (NIR) bands during a historical outburst from 2020 to 2021. In total, fourteen nights of observations were performed where ten observations show microvariability on timescales of a few minutes to several hours. This suggests a compact emission region, and the timescales are difficult to explain by a one-zone shock-in-jet model. Moreover, we found significant differences in the polarization degree (PD) and...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Chandra measurements of gas homogeneity and turbulence at intermediate radii in the Perseus Cluster
Chandra measurements of gas homogeneity and turbulence at intermediate radii in the Perseus Cluster by Martijn de Vries et al. on Monday 21 November We present a Chandra study of surface brightness fluctuations in the diffuse intracluster medium of the Perseus Cluster. Our study utilizes deep, archival imaging of the cluster core as well as a new mosaic of 29 short 5 ks observations extending in 8 different directions out to radii of r_500 ~ 2.2r_2500. Under the assumption that the distribution of densities at a given radius is log-normally distributed, two important quantities can be derived from the width of the log-normal density distribution...
2022-11-22
00 min
Astro arXiv | all categories
Dusty winds clear JWST super-early galaxies
Dusty winds clear JWST super-early galaxies by Fabrizio Fiore et al. on Monday 21 November The JWST discovery of a number of super-early (redshift $z>10$), blue galaxies requires these systems to be essentially dust-free in spite of their large stellar masses. A possible explanation is that dust is evacuated by radiatively-driven outflows. We test this hypothesis by deriving the Eddington ratio, $\lambda_E$, for 134 galaxies at $6.5< z 13\, \rm Gyr^{-1}$ develop powerful outflows clearing the galaxy from its dust. This result is supported by ALMA dust continuum non-detections in three super-early systems arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.08937...
2022-11-22
00 min