Shows
SNI Digital PodcastManagement of Cerebral AVMs; Part 1; Dr. Ghaus Malik; >800 casesSUMMARY: Dr. Ghaus Malik, an internationally recognized expert in Cerebral AVMs describes his 50 year experience in treating this disease with over 800 cases in a two part Lecture and Discussion. In Part 1, he reviews the natural history of Cerebral AVMs, the rebreeding rates, the basic principles of decision making Cerebral AVMs, management of small AVMS with case examples, Radiosurgery with case management, Deep AVMs, Embolization, Basal Ganglia AVMs, and Parasylvian AVMs. WIth Drs. Eric Nussbaum and James Ausman they discuss a combined experience of treating over 1500 cases and their experience. In Part 2 Dr. Malik presents further results of his wide ca...2025-07-061h 05SNI Digital PodcastManagement of Cerebral AVMs- >800 cases; Dr. Ghaus Malik; Part 2SUMMARY: Dr. Ghaus Malik, an internationally recognized expert in the management of Cerebral AVMs, in Part 2 of his Lecture/ Discussion series on the subject, discusses his experience in managing over 800 cerebral AVMs. In Part 2 he presents his experience with Large AVMs, Complex Cerebral AVMs, Embolization; Pediatric Cerebral AVMs, Aneurysms in Pregnancy, Treatment of the Elderly with cerebral AVMs, AVMs with occluded major vessels, Spontaneous obliteration of AVMs, Technical considerations, Limitations of Surgery, His data, and conclusions. Drs. Eric Nussbaum and Ausman comment on their experience with another 600 cases. Excellent Presentation and Discussion of a challenging vascular disease. (65 minutes lecture a...2025-07-061h 05SNI Digital PodcastPosterior Fossa Tumors in Children; Memfys Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria, Neurocytoma, Medulloblastoma,SUMMARY: The Neurosurgery Team at Memfys Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria presents. a challenging case of young boy who presented with signs of a posterior fossa tumor. After GTR the patient returned in 8 months with recurrent. symptoms and has a second removal of now a Medulloblastoma. The patient recovered and returned in 2 months with a Neurocytoma at the same site. In the interval between surgery 2 &3 the patient had a wound infection and meningitis. What happened? How can this pathology be explained? Also in a review of the ethnic literature , they found different distributions of tumors in each ethnic group. What doe...2025-04-061h 04SNI Digital PodcastDr. Blaylock Reports: Vitamin D Deficiency; global health problem; Sun exposure does not cause Melanoma; Vitamin D suppresses tumor growth (RAS gene); low levels allow tumor development.SUMMARY: Dr. Blaylock reviews the importance of Vitamin D on human health. On hour exposure to the Sun produces 20,000 units of Vitamin D in the skin/day, far more than needed. The warnings about melanoma are exaggerated as Vitamin D, through the RAS gene, retards cell growth and division. Those with adequate intake of Vitamin D have same risk of melanoma as the unaffected population. Shielding from the Sun leaves the individual responsible for adequate Vitamin D oral intake which is not achieved. So large numbers of people are Vitamin D deficient. Deficiency leads to cancers (prostate, others) higher infe...2025-04-0646 minSNI Digital PodcastPosterior Fossa Tumors in Children; Dr. Jay Wellons III;SUMMARY: Dr. Jay Wellons from Vanderbilt University Medical Center discusses his years of experience with Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors. He reviews their International Program in Teaching Neurosurgery. He discusses his experience using pre-op ventricular drainage as benefitting the patient clinically and reducing the need for shunting post op from 70% to 12%. His general principle is to do what you can with compete resections leading to cure in Ependymomas, Pilocytic, and Low Grade tumors; He talks about the different subtypes of Medulloblastomas (WNT, SHH, Group 3 and 4) which have different outcomes; so if possible that typing should be done. They have developed "Che...2025-04-061h 00SNI Digital PodcastClipping vs Endovascular Treatment in 2025; Retreatment failure rate for endovascular is 20% and clipping 3%; What is the best? Dr. Rafael TamargoSUMMARY: Dr. Raphael Tamargo reviews the treatment of Intracranial aneurysms by endovascular vs surgical approaches. After surveying the literature for the last 30 years he finds that endovascular approaches have a 20% retreatment rate in 10 years and more with extended time vs 3% with surgical clipping. The retreatment rates for endovascular approaches is astounding and changes the perspective of treatment with endovascular approaches. With Drs. Eric Nussbaum and James Ausman as co-commentators, the three neurosurgeons have 150 years of combined experience in aneurysm treatment. In the LMIC endovascular approaches are too costly and surgical approaches are used as popularized by Hernesniemi. (See his a...2025-04-061h 15SNI Digital PodcastFetal Neurosurgery; Myelomeningocoele Repair; Dr. Samuel ElbabbaSUMMARY: Dr. Samuel Elbabba, explains the development of Fetal Neurosurgery for the repair of Myelomeningocoele. In the past, myelomeningocoeles were seen and repaired after birth and were associated with hydrocephalus, spinal cord neurological impairments, and multiple shunting procedures, and other system deficits with prolonged morbidity. With dietary Folate supplementation in nutritionally deficient mothers and populations the disease incidence has declined. 100 years later, fetal neurosurgery has reduced the need for shunting and led to cognitive improvement of 50% with better outcomes. In selected centers around the world teams of specialists, led by neurosurgeons, have developed the means of intrauterine repair with a...2025-01-111h 06SNI Digital PodcastPosterior Approaches Cervical Spine; Controversies; Nancy Epstein, MDSUMMARY: This is the first South American Neurosurgery Grand Rounds with SNI Digital® organized by Andres Cervio, Head of Neurosurgery at FLENI in Buenos Aires. This is an Interactive discussion of many aspects of the Diagnosis and Surgical Management of Cervical Lamino-Foraminotomy for posterior lateral cervical spine disc or spur. Nancy Epstein was the invited speaker and commentator. Many tips in the management of the patients are presented with the neurosurgeons from FlENI and Dr. Epstein with an excellent operative video and discussion of all aspects of the surgery and patient selection and post-operative course. There are other videos of...2025-01-111h 14SNI Digital PodcastLumbar spine surgery; Instrumentation; Complex cases; Management.SUMMARY: Over 30% of the operative cases the neurosurgeons from Memphys Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria performed are spine cases. Instrumentation is more commonly used than in the past. The neurosurgeons present two complex cases of spine surgery for intefnational discussion on management that are challenges everywhere. The first is a 78 year old patient who, 7 years previously, in another country for chronic back pain and degenerative disease of the spine and with pedicle screw fusions. 3 years later the patient had a posterior cervical decompression, thoracic decompression, and revision of lumbar surgery. No other information was available. Four years following later in 2024, he pr...2025-01-1159 minSNI Digital PodcastManagement of ICH; AVM; Cavernous Angioma; CavernomaSUMMARY: Dr. Allyene notes that 15% of stokes that occur in patients are Intra Cerebral Hemorrhage (ICH). ICH is a major health problem worldwide primarily caused by hypertension. Small series of patients with ICH, were reported in the literature but few large studies. Most advocated delayed surgery. There are guidelines from a 2022 American Heart Association study on the management of ICH which he details. Deteriorating CNS condition is a reason for surgery and also in posterior fossa hemorrhage with more than 15 cc volume. Hypertension should be slowly reduced to 130-150 to avoid ischemia in hypertensive patients. A recent NEJM Study s...2025-01-1157 minSNI Digital PodcastSubstance Abuse; Addiction; Clinical evaluation; Treatment Decisions; Ramsis Ghaly, MDSUMMARY: Dr. Ramsis Ghaly, who is board certified in neurosurgery, anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain medicine discusses his practical experience with the patients suffering from Addiction. Substance Abuse and Addiction involves 60% of the USA population and large numbers elsewhere from 12 years of age on. So, likely there is a high chance you are seeing these patients in your practice. How do you recognize substance abuse? What personal tests can you do to find out? What is the cause of their abuse? What kind of treatment have they had? What are the other completing health issues that can compromise their...2025-01-1150 minSNI Digital PodcastIntroduction Video SNI Digital 11/17/24SUMMARY: Video Update and Upgrade Changes 11/17/24 Dr. Ausman gives an 12 minute introduction to the new upgrade for SNI Digital. How can you get the most out of this Video Journal. 11/17/24 2025-01-1112 minSNI Digital PodcastMitch Berger, MD.; Interview Neuroscience Expert; Neuro-oncology, Brain Mapping; Gross total surgical resection; New Advances in resection; Career and Life adviceSUMMARY: Interview with Mitch Berger, MD Head of UCSF Brain Tumor Center; History of treatment in 50 years; Modern Treatment; Reasons to maximize resection, with low morbidity; Brain Mapping; New advances in aiding extra resection in tumor margin; Adapting technology to LMIC and Low Resource settings with new low cost technology; "Game Changing" precision molecular therapy emerging; How this will change future of Neuro-oncology; Multidisciplinary team approaches in research and medicine; Future of Neurosurgery; Reasons to enter neurosurgery; Career & Life advice on Success. Goals of a Neurosurgeon. 56 min interview; Excellent Role Model; (JIA)2025-01-111h 06SNI Digital PodcastNeurosurgery in Crisis; Socialized Medicine; Central Control; Neurosurgeons testimonials; This is about your life!SUMMARY: Round table discussion of the Crisis in Neurosurgery and Medicine with testimonials of neurosurgeons in academic and private group and solo Practice. Medicare in 1965>payments of patient costs to hospitals> government takeover of Medicine> Cost overruns, HMOs> Doctors become employees of hospitals>patients become numbers as doctors>Control by Biomedical Industry>declining reimbursement. Disappearance of private practice> Neurosurgeons pay has fallen consistently> poor patient care and service> declining quality of healthcare. Results of government or central control of anything. What should be done? First of a series to obtain the facts before finalizing a solution. This is Your Li...2025-01-111h 03SNI Digital PodcastConus and Cauda Equina Tumors in LMIC & HIC; Magoha; MorganSUMMARY: Case examples are presented from Kenya and the USA on Conus and Cauda Equina Tumors. with Tips on Rapid Imaging Diagnosis, surgery ASAP, to aid in restoration of function. Discussion of the need to educate medial personnel and the public on diagnosis. Surgical advice is given. Pathology shown. Case one of many spinal cord tumors seen weekly with a large experience from Kenya with a Neurofribroma and from the USA with an Ependymoma. Preservation of nerve involved in tumor. Both appeared clinically as Cauda Equina Syndrome. Very informative; 40 minutes (JIA) 2025-01-1139 minSNI Digital PodcastMicrowave Radiation: Cellphones, Microwave ovens; Dr. Blaylock Reports.SUMMARY: Dr. Russell Blaylock reports his perspective on the harmful uses of Microwave Radiation in cellphones, and other microwave applications causing molecular damage to DNA and other cellular molecules. Major damage is to CNS, but also ovaries and testes and other organs. Was found to be used against US Embassy personnel in the 1950s with CNS effects that were disabling. (Havana Syndrome) He discusses its use in the Military and potential evil uses in mind control being pursued in Intelligence Operations. His report compliments that of Fabien Deruelle, in SNI Digital® Previously. This report is another example of the harmf...2025-01-1136 minSNI Digital PodcastMonkey Pox: Is it a Pandemic? Dr. Blaylock ReportsSUMMARY: Dr. Russell Blaylock continues his Healthy Longevity and Blaylock Reports series with an analysis of the Mpox also known as Monkey Pox infection that started in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in SubSaharan Africa. "Because the name (Monkey Pox) reinforced racism and stigma about African countries being the source of the Disease"- (Similar to The China Virus for Covid 19),...the name was changed to Mpox. "Several public health organizations and scientists argued that the former geographical names were hindering efforts to contain the disease" (Wikipedia) Unfortunately that name change misses the main causes of the disease from...2025-01-1123 minSNI Digital PodcastIs Bird Flu Dangerous to Your Health? Dr. Blaylock ReportsSUMMARY: SNI Digital interviews Dr.Russell Blaylock about the Governor Newsom's Health Emergency over the threat of Bird Flu to the states population. Bird Flu is an Influenza RNA virus, endemic in wild bird populations. It comes in Low and High pathogenic strains for birds. Humans become infected after close contact with feces of birds, found on farms. Its transmission is by contact and not aerosol; so washing hands and other hygienic precautions will prevent its infection of humans. Immunocompromised people often elderly with co-morbidities can be susceptible, if preventative measures are not taken. It can spread rapidly through poult...2025-01-1126 minSNI Digital PodcastHealthcare in Crisis: Physicians Reimbursement Failure; Government ControlSUMMARY: #2 in Healthcare in Crisis Series-USA. Drs. Nussbaum and Ausman discuss the failure of physician reimbursement under the USA Socialized Healthcare System. The Central Control of the Healthcare Market has distorted the reimbursement of physicians unrelated to their ability, has forced physicians into employment models which are also restrictive , and unattractive to high quality young students looking for a career in Medicine. . Also healthcare quality has declined by many measures. Physician burnout and forced conformity has replaced creativity and patient commitment. There is no distinction between experienced and newly graduated neurosurgeons or physicians.Third party interests have interfered in the D...2025-01-111h 16SNI Digital PodcastAvoiding Malpractice Claims; Nancy Epstein, MD; Cervical Spine;SUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein adds a 15th lecture to her Spine Series Controversies talks. This is in two parts; Avoiding Malpractice Claims: Cervical Spine Surgery. followed in a second program on Lumbar Spine Malpractice cases. These talks are limited to case presentations involving real cases with extremely bad complications leading to malpractice suits. All six cases were settled out of court. They included Epidural Spine Injection (ESI) leading to death with warnings about this procedure, required by Medicare. Also cases of Quadriplegia after ACD with surgeon taking bite out of spinal cord; quadriplegia after ACD with surgeon plunging a spa...2025-01-1151 minSNI Digital PodcastCauda Equina Syndromes; Failure to Diagnose and TreatSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein discusses the major mistake made in Cauda Equina Syndromes which is early diagnosis and treatment. It is a major cause of lawsuits in the USA. In other countries with limited understanding of the disease in the public and with non- neurosurgical medical personnel, this problem is a major cause of disability as they arrive too late for relief by neurosurgical management. She discusses the anatomy, clinical presentation of partial and total cauda equina syndromes, imaging characteristics, how to diagnose without CT or MR with same intrathecal injection of contrast with a one shot image to...2025-01-111h 10SNI Digital PodcastEndonasal Endoscopic resection of Lateral Cavernous Sinus Adenoma ; Dr. Roman BosnjakSUMMARY: Dr. Roman Bosnjak, a world recognized expert in Neuroendoscopy describes his approach to the endonasal endoscopic removal of a cavernous sinus tumor in the lateral cavernous sinus with proximal dural ring resection and ICA medialization. He shows his steps to removal of this tumor with closed caption comments on the case. (7 minutes). (JIA)2025-01-1107 minSNI Digital PodcastAvoiding Malpractice Cases: Lumbar Spine Surgery; Nancy Epstein, MDSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein presents actual cases of malpractice surgical errors and discussed how to avoid these mistakes. Cases Include Minimally Invasive Surgery- Arachnoiditis; Failure to diagnose and treat Cauda Equina Syndrome; Failure to remove Abscess in timely fashion with complications; Unnecessary TLIF with. complications. Dr. Epstein provides tips and experience to avoid these complications and others. Practical advice for neurosurgeons and spine surgeons. 31 min (JIA)2025-01-1131 minSNI Digital PodcastMicrowave Radiation; Dangers; CNS damage; Mind Control;SUMMARY: Dr. Fabien Deurelle, a researcher from France, is interviewed about his SNI paper and research, bringing attention to the dangers of Microwave Radiation (MWR) used in cell phones, WiFi, MWR Towers, Microwave ovens other areas of life experienced world wide. MWR technology was introduced 100 years ago. Research was done in Russia in the 1950's showing that it can damage the CNS of animals, and then appeared to be the cause of Illness in personnel in Embassies around the world leading to disabling CNS symptoms. Labelled the "Havana Syndrome" from its effects on US personnel in Cuba, research continues on...2025-01-111h 07SNI Digital PodcastCritical Care;: ICH; Are we operating too late?Summary: ICH: Are we operating too late? Should all the clot be removed immediately? New simple approaches from China. Quick evaluation and treatment. Traumatic Brain Injury: What do we do? Does it matter? The outstanding success in Iraq. What can we learn? Case examples, Q&A. (Case based discussions; 60 min.; 5/5 ranking)Podcast 2025-01-081h 04SNI Digital PodcastUCLA 101 Lecture series; Anatomy and Pathology of the Cerebral Venous System; Noriko Salamon;SUMMARY: Dr. Salamon presents another basic neuroradiology lecture on the Anatomy and Pathology of the Cerebral Venous system. In this lecture, the value of Closed Captions (CC) can be seen in the English translations along with the video. The AI translations really make this lecture more valuable as the viewer does not miss the many key observations Dr. Salamon makes. Very informative for those with an interest in this area. 50 minutes lecture; 12 minutes discussion.2024-02-281h 01SNI Digital PodcastIntroduction to SNI Digital 2/15/24; How to get the. most out of the Version 3.0Dr. Ausman provides a 10 minute introduction to the 2024 updated SNI Digital website version 3.0 and how you can get most out of the more than 30 new features on the website with multiple methods of learning from Video with Closed Captions, , Audio for multi tankers, to Print outs in 10 languages. From sound bites, to Interviews with leaders in multiple areas of interest, lectures from world wide neurosurgeons, whole meetings, SNI Digital® Investigative Reports, for students to experienced neurosurgeons. Controversies Discussed, global round table discussions; Clinical Neuroscience lectures, UCLA 101 Neurosurgery Lecture series with experts, for those in LMIC to HIC. New features of...2024-02-1510 minSNI Digital PodcastIntroduction to SNI Digital 2/15/24; How to get the. most out of the Version 3.0Dr. Ausman provides a 10 minute introduction to the 2024 updated SNI Digital website version 3.0 and how you can get most out of the more than 30 new features on the website with multiple methods of learning from Video with Closed Captions, , Audio for multi tankers, to Print outs in 10 languages. From sound bites, to Interviews with leaders in multiple areas of interest, lectures from world wide neurosurgeons, whole meetings, SNI Digital® Investigative Reports, for students to experienced neurosurgeons. Controversies Discussed, global round table discussions; Clinical Neuroscience lectures, UCLA 101 Neurosurgery Lecture series with experts, for those in LMIC to HIC. New features of...2024-02-1510 minSNI Digital PodcastDr Blaylock Reports; Vit B12 Deficiency, Nerve degeneration, Dementia, Memory Loss, Peripheral neuropathy, Cardiac dysrhythmia,SUMMARY: Dr Blaylock Reports on the complications of Vitamin B12 deficiency and its neurological effects. It is essential for brain development, causes loss of myelin leading to Dementia, Mental disorders, defective cognition, Depression, and suicide. It can cause peripheral neuropathy and subacute spinal cord degeneration. It is Treatable. It is distributed to all 40 trillion cells in the body with receptors on the cell surface and in the nucleus. It is involved widely in metabolic reactions. It is found in 36% of people with Cognitive disorders. It is united with Intrinsic Factor in the stomach in an acid environment and absorbed i...2024-02-0755 minSNI Digital PodcastMedical Malpractice; What is the Truth? Crisis in Health care; Panel DiscussionSUMMARY: The patient's side of the Malpractice Story. A Multidisciplinary Discussion to learn the challenges faced by a patient in reaching a Medical Malpractice Settlement including neurosurgeons, the patient, and a lawyer. The case is reviewed with the patient and her husband, explaining her preoperative state, surgical experience, and post operative course, recovering from complications at surgery. Pre-operatively she had numbness and pain of C7 and a motor and sensory deficit, that was not responsive to medical treatment. Surgery was chosen with an ACDF. Post-operatively she was quadriparetic with a predominant Brown- Sequard syndrome. An MR was performed immediately post...2024-02-071h 21SNI Digital PodcastDr. Blaylock Reports: Fluoride Toxicity in the water; CNS-brain and organ damageDr. Russell Blaylock reviews the science behind Fluoridation of water. It does not prevent tooth decay and is toxic to the brain and other organs. Young children are especially sensitive to its toxic effects with lower IQs, reproductive organ, and bone damage, There are no scientific studies which support its efficacy. How and why did this happen? Why is the USA government supporting water fluoridation? Once you are in the habit of doing things your whole life, it is hard to believe it was wrong. These are the facts. Follow the money. What can you do to reverse its effe...2024-02-0752 minSNI Digital PodcastDr. Blaylock Reports: Measles in the USA; Fact and fiction; Infectious disease; Treatment,SUMMARY: Dr. Russell Blaylock reviews the recent outbreak of measles in the Southern USA, a disease eradicated in the USA over the past decades. With immigration infected people are admitted to the USA without the proper immunity and develop a measles infection that can have serious complications involving the Central Nervous System. It presents with fever, cough, runny nose, white spots inside the mouth, and then a rash from the fact to the body. Secondary complications can occur with diarrhea and middle ear infections. It is most rampant in immunocompromised people with inadequate nutritional status. It is highly infectious as...2024-02-0712 minSNI Digital PodcastUCLA 101 Neurosurgery Series;Management of Adult Hydrocephalus; Dr. Marvin BergsneiderSUMMARY: Dr Marvin Bergsneider, in this UCLA 101 Lecture series, discusses the Management of Adult Hydrocephalus. He covers the issues with Multi-compartment Hydrocephalus (HC), Slit ventricle Syndrome, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) , and the operation of and choices of shunts with CSF dynamics. His conclusions are practical and reasonable. In Superb Review of the subject, the viewer will learn from his extensive clinical and research experience with HC in the adult. His talk is filled with clinical pearls of wisdom and experience with each disease category for these common and complicated problems in patients. It is best seen to be appreciated. Fir...2024-02-071h 05SNI Digital PodcastDr. Blaylock Reports #7; Atherosclerosis, Failure of Statins; Complications; Molecular Basis of Plaque formation. ImmunoexcitotoxicitySUMMARY: Dr. Blaylock Reports provides the data indicating Cholesterol is not involved in atherosclerotic placque formation. Statin drugs promoted by the pharmaceutical industry produce muscle weakness, memory loss, immune suppression while being of no value in stopping plaque formation. Statins also lower Cholesterol and Co. Q10 levels. Co -Q10 is necessary for muscle function. Giving high doses of Omega 6 Fatty acids, are excitatory to cells, and will produce plaque formation in animal studies. Measurements of LDL, HDL are useless without detailed subgroup analysis. Placques result from an endothelial tear, an inflammatory response at the injury site, macrophage accumulation (inflammatory res...2024-02-0747 minSNI Digital PodcastUpper Cervical Spine Trauma; Dr. Nancy Epstein; ManagementSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein continues her Spine Series discussions with this presentation about cervical spine trauma resulting in C1 to C3 injuries. Jefferson, Odontoid, and Hangman's fractures are discussed with references to the literature. supporting the fact based approaches to treatment. Surgical correction is critical to perform ASAP. With a less than 6 hour goal . 40 minutes of Discussion and Presentation. (JIA)2024-02-0747 minSNI Digital PodcastDiabetes; New Concepts; Excitotoxicity; Types 1&2; organ damageSUMMARY: Dr.Blaylock describes new patho-physiology for. Diabetes and how Immuno-excitotoxicity influences the development of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. A series of metabolic derangements in an Inflammatory immune response to cell damage leads to a cascade of Excitotoxicity in most cells. Cell dysfunction and cell death result. Excitotoxicity, a concept Dr. Blaylock has promoted over a decade, underlies a number of CNS Diseases as Alzheimers, Parkinson's, ALS, and Multiple Sclerosis all of which appear to be involved in various stages of Immuno-excitotoxicity. (See the journal, Surgical Neurology International (SNI) for articles on these subjects. With the continued high intake of...2024-02-0744 minSNI Digital PodcastWhat every doctor should know about Covid-19; Russell Blaylock,MD; Part 1SUMMARY: This is Part 1 of a 2-hour, uninterrupted SNI Digital® "Investigative Report" into the Covid-19 infection in an interview with Dr. Russell Blaylock. It covers the biology and low lethality of the man-made Covid-19 coronavirus. It reports the diseases caused by the mRNA "pseudo vaccine" which was rapidly produced, widely distributed, and mandated for use in response to 'the disease'. Learn the facts about the initial cover-up of this story. Learn about the limited research investigations behind the rapid release of the pseudo vaccines to the public, the weak scientific justification for the prevention measures, and their widespread social and...2024-01-301h 07SNI Digital PodcastWhat every doctor should know about Covid-19; Russell Blaylock, MD; Part 2SUMMARY: This is Part 2 of a 2-hour, uninterrupted SNI Digital® "Investigative Report" into the Covid-19 infection in an interview with Dr. Russell Blaylock. It covers the biology and low lethality of the man-made Covid-19 coronavirus. It reports the diseases caused by the mRNA "pseudo vaccine" which was rapidly produced, widely distributed, and mandated for use in response to 'the disease'. Learn the facts about the initial cover-up of this story. Learn about the limited research investigations behind the rapid release of the pseudo vaccines to the public, the weak scientific justification for the prevention measures, and their widespread social and...2024-01-3056 minSNI Digital PodcastCervical Spine Controversies; Nancy Epstein; ACDF Vs Posterior Surgery; Outcomes; complications; costs;SUMMARY: Dr. Epstein reviews the literature on the efficacy of anterior vs posterior approaches to the lateral lesion in the cervical spine and concludes that the evidence for the Cervical Laminoforaminotomy is superior to that of the anterior approaches (ACD/ ACDF) for lesions in this region. posterior procedure. This is an excellent review and analysis of this management choice which reveals the problems with the ACDF approaches as inferior to the CLF. It is understood that a large number of physicians were not trained in this procedure, which is simpler and safer than the ACD/ACDF approach. Yet the C...2024-01-2845 minSNI Digital PodcastDiagnosis and Management of Complex Spine, Spinal Cord, Nerve Root Cases; Dr. Ali Adnan DolacheeSummary: Dr. Dolachee describes his approach to a patient with limited funds and a complex spinal problem with Multiple Myeloma. His second case involved a patient with a symptomatic clival lesion. Both of these cases were managed thoughtfully, with limited resources to involve the endoscopic removal of the lesion and subsequent posterior cervical fusion with success. Outstanding examples of what can be achieved with creativity, determination, and intelligence using what is available to achieve an excellent result for a patient. 40 minutes: case presentation and 20 minute: Discussion. Highly recommended. 2024-01-201h 06SNI Digital Podcast21st Baghdad Meeting; Successful Management of Complex Spine, Spinal cord and Nerve root cases; Lumbar Spinal Instability; Dr Yasi Adil TasaSUMMARY: Dr. Tasa describes his diagnosis and management of two cases of symptomatic lumbar spinal instability from his large experience in CNS Spinal Surgery. Discussion by Dr. Nancy Epstein in using available means to select and treat these patients. Lecture 22 minutes; Discussion 23 minutes. Practical information for surgeons managing these cases.2024-01-2045 minSNI Digital PodcastNeuroscience Leader; Timothy Cloughesy, MD; Neuro-oncologist; VorasidenibSUMMARY: An interview with Dr. Timothy Cloughesy, UCLA Head of Neuro-oncology on the successful molecular treatment advances of Low Grade Gliomas; A discussion of which molecular targets are blocked to achieve excellent results using a new agent; Also discussed is an extension of this approach to Craniopharyngeoma treatment with other molecular blockers. Discussion of treatment options from HIC to LMIC. Molecular Rx not commercially available; Waiting, Surgery; Radiation Therapy, are all open to use world wide. Excellent present and future discussion; practical information for all locations globally.2024-01-0250 minSNI Digital PodcastBuilding a leading world center in 20 years in Kurdistan; Dr. Ari SamiSUMMARY: This is an excellent description how a complete, extensive neurosurgery and education program was accomplished in 20 years with the cooperation of the community leaders, doctors and neurosurgeons to become a leading world center. Now a large referral center. An example of LMIC achievements. (JIA)2023-12-2740 minSNI Digital PodcastComplete 19th Baghdad Meeting Videos; 6 YNSSSUMMARY: For YNSS; Neurosurgeon Educators; Medial School Educators. this 19th meeting is about sharing experience with the Hoz mentorship program for young students, residents, and their teachers primarily in LMIC but also valuable for those in HIC. Series of 6 short talks on YNSS mentorship experience to help educate young students and neurosurgeons to compete for limited residency and career positions2023-12-262h 28SNI Digital PodcastManaging Hydatid Disease; Dr. Hadi Al-KhaliliSUMMARY: Dr. Khalili describes the natural history and pathogenesis of this parasitic disease in Iraq from his large experience in treating this disease? What percentage of the population has this disease? How is it commonly treated? Is poor sanitation the major cause of the disease? What drugs or agents are effective to treat this disease? How many get CNS complications of the disease? What are the treatments for CNS involvement? Which ones work? Can the patient or family members afford to pay for that treatment? These questions and more are Discussed with this lecture. How do you manage this dise...2023-11-261h 15SNI Digital PodcastComplete 20th Baghdad Meeting Lectures and DiscussionSUMMARY: 20th Baghdad Meeting 11/26/23; Lectures on Management of Hydatid disease by Dr. Hadi Al-Khalili and Complex Brain Tumors seen in Iraq by Dr. Wameedth Matti, both with large experiences in these diseases and with Discussion with a global audience.2023-11-261h 57SNI Digital PodcastManaging Complex Brain Tumors; Referral Center; Iraq; Dr. W. Matti; Neuro-oncologySUMMARY: Dr. Matti presents a series of Complex Brain Tumor cases and discusses his management strategies of these challenging cases. How to make the most use of the facilities and equipment you have. The value of intra-operative ultrasound.2023-11-2639 minSNI Digital PodcastGlascow Neuro-2022; YNSS: Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj;SUMMARY: The Authors describe the results of their retrospective clinical study from a rural Indian pediatric population treated for meningiomas neurosurgically. in the 26 children from 1-17 yrs of age studied "the ratio of males to females being 1.8:1. 23% of reported meningiomas occurred in the posterior fossa, 45% in the sphenoid and 21% in the tuberculum sellae."- Authors. Complete tumor excision was achieved in 70%. Atypical/Malignant types represented 16% of the group. Mortality was 11%. A rare study to find on this tumor in children, in study designed and completed by YNSS. Nice presentation and Discussion-JIA2023-11-1522 minSNI Digital PodcastGlasgow Neuro-2022; YNSS; Ericka Mejia Farias; ImmunotherapySUMMARY: This project was performed at the University College of London in the Cancer Institute with the contribution of other scientists. Simple Summary: In the tumor micro environment in the brain there are immune cells which attack the tumor cell and those which protect it from attack. The authors use an agent which prevents the protecting immune cells from stopping the attacking immune cells from destroying the tumor and its foreign proteins. As a result the tumor is destroyed by the patient's own immune cells. The authors state that these counteracting immune systems extend to the human species. Thus...2023-11-1519 minSNI Digital PodcastComplete 15th SNI/SNI Digital Baghdad Neurosurgery Meeting; Lectures and DiscussionsSUMMARY: History of Neurosurgery in Iraq: Simple Inexpensive Neuronavigtion Systems for LMIC; Ergonomic Instruments for Surgery for all; World Class Functional and Stereotactic Neurosurgery in LMIC; Guest Lecture: Functional Neurosurgery for Intractable Low Back Pain; 4 Lectures with Discussion. (JIA)2023-11-012h 22SNI Digital PodcastBuilding a Modern Neurosurgery Center in Kurdestan-Erbil, IraqSUMMARY: Dr. Rawandozy, Head of Neurosurgery at the Hawler Medical University in Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq explains how the neurosurgery department was built over 20 years to become a modern Neurosurgery Center at a World Class level, starting with no department. His success is attributed to the strong local support of the community and many others making this program successful. He explains how it was done while having positions in the university and conducting a private practice. Innovative approaches to medical challenges2023-11-0126 minSNI Digital Podcast16th Baghdad Meeting; The Future of Neurosurgery and Medicine; James Ausman; Lenticulostriate arteries; Atherosclerosis Treatment; Macrophages and Aneurysm growth; Micron-vascular disease TreatmentSummary: The lecture on the future of neurosurgery and medicine starts from a study of the vascular cause of lacunar infarctions, the cause of 20% of strokes. it is a disease we cannot diagnose with modern technology or treat now. Dr. Ausman outlines how small vessel diseases can be treated in the future using experience from the inflammatory causes of atherosclerosis and the macrophage inflammatory causes of aneurysm formation. There is a common feature of those diseases which can be treated. It is Chronic Inflammation. Chronic Inflammation is also the cause of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's and many other diseases in t...2023-11-0154 minSNI Digital PodcastIraq Gamma Knife experience 5000 cases; 7 centersSUMMARY: Over 5000 cases; Treatment Indications; Functional indications; Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders; Multi Centers in Iraq ( Basra, Erbil, Baghdad, Al-Taj Center, Saad Al Witry Neuroscience Hospital, Baghdad; Brain Tumors- all types; AVM, Nasopharyngeal CA; Pituitary Tumors; Trigeminal Neuralgia, Mesial Temporal Sclerosis; Cavernous Malformations ; Deep-seated tumors; Residual and Recurrent tumors; Tumor bed; Hypophesectomy for painful metastases; Tremors; Poor Surgical Candidates; Focal Brain Stem Tumors, Other tumors; Corpus Callosectomy; Uveal Disorders and other indications. Large Experience & Results2023-11-0131 minSNI Digital PodcastComplete 17th Baghdad Meeting; Neurosurgery Board; Neurosurgery in Iraq multiple citiesSUMMARY: Overview of Neurosurgery Training Programs in Iraq; General hospital experience; Posterior thalamic -pulvinar micro surgery; Erbil neurosurgery program; Unique Iraqi Orbital surgery; outstanding programs; LIMC neurosurgery leadership; Leadership of A. Hadi Khalili in establishing modern Iraq neurosurgery2023-09-042h 29SNI Digital PodcastLazareff Philosophy Series #6No notes2023-08-181h 22SNI Digital PodcastLazareff Philosophy Series #5no notes2023-08-111h 07SNI Digital PodcastLazareff Philosophy Series: #4no notes2023-08-041h 21SNI Digital PodcastACD/ACDF vs Cervical Arthroplasty; Controversies in Spine Surgery; Nancy Epstein. MDSUMMARY: Dr. Epstein reviews the literature and her own 40 year personal experience in evaluating the surgical approaches to neurological injuries in diseases of the cervical spine. She reviews the anatomy of the cervical spine, and discusses, with examples, the value in CT, CT Myelography, and MR imaging of the Cervical Spine related to the symptoms of the patient. When an anterior approach to the cervical spine is necessary over a posterior approach for more medially placed lesions. Why? The risks of Epidural injections related to cervical spine anatomy are discussed. What the best graft for disc replacement is a pa...2023-08-031h 22SNI Digital PodcastFull Meeting; Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) Parts 1,2,3; Dr.Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein Reviews the literature on Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) in regard to anatomy, imaging , clinical presentation, surgical tips to achieve an excellent result. She also discuss the malpractice implications seen in the treatment of CES and discusses how to avoid them. She also shows how to prevent and to treat CSF leaks which can also be malpractice issues. 30% of al suits involving spinal surgery involve the CES. The key message is to treat the disease as a surgical Emergency. This Video covers all three parts of the series and last for 104 minutes (JIA)2023-08-031h 44SNI Digital PodcastSub-Saharan Africa International Neurosurgery Grand Rounds; Professors Mwang'wombe (Kenya) and Epstein (USA)SUMMARY: Sub-Saharan African International Neurosurgery Grand Rounds; Professors N. Mwang'ombe (Kenya) presents two interesting cases of penetrating injuries of the skull and brain. He and the International audience comment on how these cases are treated in different places around the world. Questions & Answers from the global audience cover the spectrum of challenges faced by neurosurgeons in this on this topic. Should the Projectile or Bullet be removed; How?; leaving the bullet; removing the bullet with Neuro-navigation and ultra-sound guided surgery; What tests are needed before surgery?; time, cost, geographical location, location in brain or spinal canal, age of patient; co...2023-08-031h 40SNI Digital Podcast22 Baghdad Meeting: Pediatric Neurosurgery; Dr. Juan Torres; Guatemala; Myositis Ossificans and HydrocephalusSummary: Dr. Torres, Head of Neurosurgery in the Bautista Children's Hospital in Managua Nicaragua reports on a young patient with a previous diagnosis of Myositis Ossificans, who developed hydrocephalus, that was complicated to treat. Myositis Ossificans is a rare genetic form of the disease which consists of calcification being deposited in tissues during the healing process. He describes the genetic defect. Dr. Torres' patient developed acute hydrocephalus, had an ETV placed and recovered only to return in 3 months with raised ICP. A VP shunt was placed which failed in 2 days for non absorption of CSF and a new ETV...2023-08-0315 minSNI Digital PodcastLumbar Spondyloptosis; Case Report; Kenya; Complex spine; Decision Making; Memfys HospitalSUMMARY: Dr. Sam Ohaegulbaum, Neurosurgeon- CEO of Memfys Hospital and Neurosurgery Center in Enugu, and his associates, in Nigeria describe their management of a rare complex case of complete traumatic Spondyloptosis at the L5-Sacral level with some preoperative preserved function in the Lower Extremities. In association with orthopedists, the Neurosurgeons were able to approach this traumatic disruption of the spinal canal posteriorly with a view of a circumferentially torn dura, Cauda Equina Stretch injury, fractures of pelvis and sacrum, and some damaged roots of the Cauda Equina. They discussed the complex challenges faced in developing an operative plan. T...2023-08-0335 minSNI Digital PodcastCompound TBI; Management Principles- 2 casesSUMMARY: Dr. Doe, the only neurosurgeon in Liberia with 5 million people, describes his experience with Compound TBI in the days before his presentation. Compound injury with CSF leak. How he manages this case in a limited resource environment. What would you do? Antibiotics or not? How extensive would you be surgically? Case #2 the management of an extremely complex case of penetrating Skull and Brain injury? What would you do? Does it really matter where the patient is located in this situation? Are more resources the answer? Time constraints to treatment decisions. Real life issues. (JIA)2023-08-0348 minSNI Digital PodcastIntroduction: "How to get the most out of SNI Digital™ J Ausman10 minute introduction to SNI Digital® and its features which will ave you time on learning what is new in Neurosurgery and what is practical to use as of February 2024.2023-08-0306 minSNI Digital PodcastInvestigative Report: Covid -19; 6-month updateSUMMARY: Most physicians do not know the true facts behind the disease caused by the mRNA "Vaccine" for the Covid -19 infection. Millions have died from the mRNA protein "vaccine", and millions more are disabled with future complications unknown. Why were physicians, who are used to treating symptomatic diseases, told not to treat Covid-19? Why were known and safe treatments banned by governments worldwide, and why have the complications of the vaccine been covered up by the Media, Pharmaceutical vaccine makers, medical journals and government agencies worldwide? Scientific Evidence is now become widely known of these 'Crimes against Humanity'. Ye...2023-08-0350 minSNI Digital PodcastTele-proctoring in NeurosurgerySUMMARY: Dr. Samer Hoz describes his work from his publication on the subject of Tele-Proctoring in Neurosurgery published in SNI. Using the internet with Zoom and Smart-phone technology, Dr. Hoz recorded the long distance proctoring of 7 patient procedures performed with interventional radiology in Baghdad and proctored by an interventional surgeon in Saudi Arabia. After careful selection of patients, as described this video, Aneurysms, AVMs and Tumors were coiled or embolized. The video provides the details of how these procedures were accomplished in the Interactive Discussion recorded on the video. This presentation was made to the monthly Sub-Saharan International Neurosurgery Gra...2023-08-0355 minSNI Digital PodcastAchieving Healthful Longevity: Dr. Russell Blaylock; Operative and Postoperative Metabolic state of the patient; Part 2SUMMARY: In part 2 of this series on the Nutritional and Biochemical status of the operative patient, Dr. Blaylock starts with the operative state of the patient which is entered with the incision. At that time forward the patients metabolic status changes to Hypermetabolic as the metabolism of millions of cells in different organ systems is placed under stress and maximum metabolic demand. The trillions of metabolic reactions, are all demanding nutrients, vitamins, metal ion cofactors, antioxidants, and nutrient energy. Added to these demands are the cells in the immunologic system, adrenals, cardiac, liver, kidneys, respiratory & CNS, all requiring support imme...2023-08-0340 minSNI Digital PodcastIntroduction to. SNI Digital® 5.0;SUMMARY: A new introduction to SNI Digital® and its 5.0 version covering all details of what features the Video Journal SNI Digital® offers the viewer and reader. All interactive with Discussion for highest learning percentages. Free to everyone, everywhere on the Internet. (11minutes ) (JIA)2023-08-0311 minSNI Digital PodcastSNI Digital® Introduction II -4/28/24SUMMARY: Dr. Ausman provides a 15 minute survey of the new SNI Digital® Website and all its features for your easy use of this new Video Journal of Neurosurgery. Content from around the world; From News, interactive lectures; whole meetings; wide variety of topics, from students to experienced neurosurgeons, Investigative Reports (Covid -19), Interviews; podcasts, Peer-reviewed, time stamped, Altmetrics, Viewer rated. available in 10 languages, References; 24/7/365; Pubmed listing, CME-available; and FREE to all. Information with Discussion when you want it. Global Perspective and Opinions.The New way to get scientific information in the 21st century.2023-08-0315 minSNI Digital PodcastCauda Equina Syndrome (CES); Malpractice Issues Part 2; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: In part 2 of the Cauda Equina Syndrome series, using specific case examples from her extensive experience in Malpractice Cases, Dr. Nancy Epstein reviews common Malpractice issues for Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES). CES represents 30% of malpractice cases in spine surgery. She provides detailed examples of how to avoid these issues. Failure to Diagnose CES, Negligent Lumbar surgery; Recognition that CES is an Emergency Surgical Disease, that can progress with loss of neurological function; Minimally Invasive Surgery pitfalls; Too much surgery and too little surgery; Vascular injuries, Fusion injuries, Laminectomy/ laminotomy when to use; use of BMP; screw length for sacr...2023-08-0340 minSNI Digital PodcastSpine Series; Surgery, Lumbar Synovial Cysts; Dr. Nancy Epstein; Part 2SUMMARY: Dr. Epstein discusses the choice of the proper surgical approach to the lumbar spine and for synovial cyst removal. Given the complicated pathology seen in Part 1 of this series, Open surgery appears to be the procedure choice for the lowest risk removal of these lesions under a wide anatomical vision. Laminotomy, hemilamincetomy, laminectomy are the procedures of choice depending upon the extent of the pathology and dural and root involvement. The value in using magnification for spinal surgery is stated. The limitations of minimally invasive approaches are presented. How to remove the lesion with wide exposure, preservation of a...2023-08-0340 minSNI Digital PodcastPosterior Fossa Tumors In Kenya; Kijabe Mission Hospital Experience; Dr. Ben MutisoSUMMARY: Dr. Ben Mutiso from the Kijabe Mission Hospital outside of Nairobi Kenya, with its large Pediatric patient population describes how they approach removal of Posterior Fossa Tumors in Kenya. With more limited resources, he uses standard sub-occipital approaches we used 30 years ago with success, with no monitoring, or neuro-navigation, but with careful dissection to achieve good results. What is challenging are lesions located in deep structures which are at the limits of the microscope, a situation faced by many around the world in HIC>LMIC. Although there appears to be an intuitive benefit to new technology, what are th...2023-08-0350 minSNI Digital PodcastMolecular Treatment of Specific Genetic Cause of AVM; AVM; Guillaume Canaud , MDSUMMARY: Professor Canaud and his interdisciplinary team of medical scientists describes the research they have done treating patients with a specific genetic mutation leading to the development of unique AVMs. Driven by patients presenting with untreatable medical problems involving AVMs of the face, they used a specific agent, Sotorasib, which binds to the KRAS G12C protein made for the gene of the same name to stop the growth of the AVM driven by this protein to stop its change of function from normal. if unchecked this abnormal protein will influence many pathways to produce uncontrolled cell growth of...2023-08-0340 minSNI Digital PodcastCervical Spine; Surgery; Posterior Approaches; Review; Dr. Nancy Epstein; Four Part Lecture and Discussion 80 minutes total.SUMMARY: This is a Four Part, 70 minute, Lecture and Interactive Discussion on Posterior approaches to Neurological Disorders involving the Cervical Spine. Part 1 (30 minutes) covers the Anatomy, Clinical presentations, Imaging involved in these root and cord diseases. Compared with Anterior approaches there are no recurrent laryngeal palsies, dysphagia, Horner's syndromes, neural injuries affecting the diaphragm, esophageal and carotid injuries, and less chance of vertebral artery injuries and CSF leak. Pseudo-arthroses anteriorly occur 4%, 24%,and 43% for one , two and three level anterior approaches, respectively. Patient selection is Key. For posterior approaches the presence of Cervical Lordosis is important. Dr. Epstein discusses OPLL, Shing...2023-08-031h 19SNI Digital PodcastUsing the K line in choosing anterior or posterior approaches to Cervical Spine Pathology; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: This is the complete Lecture and Discussion series of this three part series which takes 1 1/2 hours of viewing. Dr. Epstein Covers the anatomy, pathology, imaging, and clinical presentations of Cervical Spine pathology. She then provides the keys to selecting the correct surgical approach to lesions in the C-Spine axis. She describes the use of the K line in making that determination with supporting data for all her statements and in the references at the end. Multiple case presentations with malpractice case experience. Excellent series for Young neurosurgeons, and staff and also as a refresher for experienced neurosurgeons with a...2023-08-031h 38SNI Digital PodcastControversies In Cervical Spine Surgery- Part 3; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Dr. Epstein describes the use of the K Line in determining the choice of anterior vs posterior approaches to the cervical spine in Part 3 of this talk on Choosing the right operation for Cervical Spine Pathology. Posterior Approaches; Experience from Malpractice Experience; How to stay out of trouble. Lecture and Discussion 35 minutes. Excellent series of discussions (JIA)2023-08-0334 minSNI Digital PodcastPediatric Neurosurgery; Endoscopic Removal of deep tumors; Dr. Samer Elbabaa;SUMMARY: Dr. Samer Elbabaa who leads a pediatric center with high technology, describes his approaches to lesions around the brainstem, Pineal, and mesial inferior posterior temporal lobe. He uses endoscopy assisting microscopic dissection or guiding that resection with the surgeon holding the endoscope in one hand and the suction in the other. He shows several cases using these methods. There are different ways to reach these regions surgically with a 3/4 prone operated side down approach or the Concorde approach. A large team commitment to reach lesions is needed. The advantages and disadvantages of all the approaches were discussed. From w...2023-08-031h 06SNI Digital PodcastSuperior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence (SSCD) ; Disabling Symptoms; Dr. Isaac YangSUMMARY: Dr. Isaac Yang, a Neurosurgeon and Skull base specialist describes his involvement with an understanding the scientific basis of a disabling disease which up until recently was undiagnosed and treated. Patients who presented with symptoms of autophony (hearing ones voice, body sounds, eye movements, breathing) so loudly that they drive the patient into isolation from others. If one couples these symptoms with dizziness and imbalance (not true vertigo) and with normal routine studies (angiograms, CT of Brain and even petrous bone) it is understandable how these patients are believed to have a psychiatric illness. Yet, with his colleagues in N...2023-08-031h 11SNI Digital PodcastCervical Spine Surgery; K-LINE AND Chosing approaches to the Neurological Disease in the Cervical Spine- Part 2; Nancy Epstein, MDSUMMARY: Dr. Epstein discusses the diagnosis of anterior spine lesions with proper imaging. Is ACDF, or Excision of the Verbal body(s) appropriate? Risks of two and more level body replacements; The need for posterior fusion; how to identify the Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) and the various scenarios of involvement of the dura with potential CSF leak , and how to treat that problem, Management of CSF leak and autograft vs other graft replacements pros and cons; Avoidance of errors leading to poor outcomes and malpractice issues. 37 min Lecture and Discussion. (JIA)2023-08-0337 minSNI Digital PodcastCysticercosis, Sub-Sahraran Africa Neurosurgery Grand RoundsSUMMARY: This 2nd meeting of the Sub-Saharan International Grand Rounds in Neurosurgery features two lectures with discussions. The first topic is a Review of Cystercosis by Dr. Katnanga Kabulo of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Cystercosis is a disease which is seen in parts of Africa, and South America, Mexico, and Asia. This talk with discussion is an excellent review of the disease. The second presentation by Dr. Samuel Kaba from Ghana is on the use of Intraoperative ultrasound. It is a practical, useful, technology for use in surgery of the CNS. Dr Kaba presents practical clinical examples of t...2023-08-031h 30SNI Digital PodcastEC-IC BYpass for Cerebral Ischemia; Eric Nussbaum, MD; Part 1SUMMARY: Dr. Eric NUSSBAUM, Head of a large volume Cerebral Vascular Center in Minnesota, discusses his experience from a practical clinical practice in the management of Cerebral Ischemic states, both Acute and Chronic, in which EC-IC Bypass surgery was life saving. Part 1 of his two part series on EC-IC Bypass and applications for cerebral ischemia. Part 2 is on EC-IC Bypass for aneurysms and skull base lesions. His work validates the concept of a "Vascular Pneumbra" of neuronal dysfunction but not death rescued by revascularization in different case examples. He describes the detail of his operative surgery with videos; tips...2023-08-031h 14SNI Digital PodcastThe New Unified Explanation of Alzheimer's, Parkinsons, ALS, & Autism. What you need to know; Russell Blaylock, MD; "Immuno-excitotoxicity"SUMMARY: Dr. Russell Blaylock, Neurosurgeon, Certified Nutritionist, describes the now the new unified cause of Degenerative Diseases of the CNS Including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, ALS, Autism Spectrum Disorders. The same pathological changes in these diseases are seen and in Guam the population can have a combination of these degenerative diseases related to the high Aluminum content in the CNS. But football players and boxers also develop these diseases from repeated traumatic injuries to the CNS. Insecticides also produce the same changes as does lead, mercury, and aluminum in the CNS. The final common pathway of these assaults on the CNS...2023-08-0354 minSNI Digital PodcastSelective Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spastic Cerebral Palsy; Dr. Warwick Peacock;SUMMARY: Spastic Cerebral Palsy, A neurological -neurosurgical disease; not Orthopedic; Dr. Warwick Peacock, a Neurosurgeon from South Africa explains how he developed Selective Dorsal Root Section to treat Spastic Cerebral palsy against the resistance of Orthopedists and others in the medical community. He describes the procedure in detail, which is highly successful, if treated early, and diagnosed accurately and gives examples. It has been adopted worldwide. Muscle shortening and bone operations are inferior to the dorsal root sectioning done appropriately. Bladder innervation sparing is possible. An inspiring presentation for all neurosurgeons and physicians in overcoming resistance to well conceived...2023-08-0351 minSNI Digital Podcast“Tethered Cord Syndrome”; Ulrich Batzdorf, MD; UCLA 101 SeriesSUMMARY: Dr. Batzdorf is a world expert in neurological spine and spinal cord surgery. He discusses his approach to the "Tethered Cord Syndrome" which he renames the "Tight Filum Syndrome or the "Cord Traction Syndrome" from his clinical experience. He reviews the anatomy of the conus and filum, the clinical presentations with other extrementy deformities, skin lesions, and neurological and urological presentations. Sensory deficits including pain in 81%, the pathology of lesions causing this syndrome are discussed.The pathophysiology which provides evidence of conus ischemia to cause the neurological deficits. He reviews the imaging characteristics and the surgical management options. Su...2023-08-0347 minSNI Digital PodcastSub-Saharan African Grand Rounds #4; Total meeting; Tele-proctoring; Management of SAH in any EnvironmentSUMMARY: In this 4th Sub-Saharan International Neurosurgery Grand Rounds, people from many countries attended the meeting to exchange perspectives on using Tele-proctoring to perform Neurosurgical Procedures. The idea developed by Dr. Samer Hoz was discussed on the possibilities of the use of technology for this consulting purpose. There was a wide discussion on its applications to Neurosurgery. A second Interactive Discussion led by Dr. Ausman occurred on the Management of SAH in different environments and locations. A wide range of options used by the neurosurgeons attending depending upon the equipment and support facilities they had to be able to car...2023-08-032h 01SNI Digital PodcastAchieving Healthful Longevity: Dr. Russell Blaylock; Pre-operative metabolic state of the patient; Part 1; Preoperative Metabolic StateSUMMARY: Dr. Russell Blaylock discusses the metabolic condition of the patient pre-operatively, during the surgery and post-operatively. 50-90 % of the patients before surgery are nutritionally deficient in essential Vitamins, Minerals, and Co-factors as necessary components of the millions of biochemical reactions in the cells of the body to overcome the metabolic challenges of surgery, which is similar to that of a patient with 30% burns. The preoperative patient may be on the edge of metabolic homeostasis but is not prepared to biochemically to withstand the challenge of the surgical trauma. Similarly the immune systems are compromised even pre-operatively in evaluations...2023-08-0337 minSNI Digital PodcastControversies in Spine Surgery;Central Cord Syndrome Management; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Nancy Epstein, MD, Editor of SNI and Spine Expert, discusses another controversy in the management of Spine and Spinal Cord Disease. She reviews the literature on the management of Central Cord Syndrome (CSS). Emergency Surgery in less than 24 hrs since the accident is superior to non-surgical treatment later. She discusses next steps the surgeon must take: Immediate OR, spinal cord monitoring signals; fiberoptic intubation, prone and neutral neck position; midline incision 2 levels above and below lesion; removal of the lamina using a drill laterally, removal of lamina segment by segment. arguments for and against opening the dura, dural...2023-08-0356 minSNI Digital PodcastCauda Equina Syndrome (CES): Negligent treatment of CSF Leaks; Part 3; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: In part 3 of this series on Cauda Equina Syndrome, Dr. Nancy Epstein, describes how to avoid CSF leaks and Malpractice suits by dealing with the problem ASAP; methods to provide a watertight closure; when to use more exposure; the use of multiple sutures or fine microclips to achieve complete closure; Proper use of agents in creating a seal; use of a CSF drain to the peritoneum, and when to prepare for that need. When to treat? This is excellent advice from an experienced Spine Surgeon who is also an expert in malpractices cases. These are all the things you...2023-08-0324 minSNI Digital Podcast22nd Baghdad Meeting; Pediatric Neurosurgery; Drs. Verdier, Petre; Argentina; AVM RemovalSummary: Drs Verdier and Petre, present a patient with a posterior mesial temporal occipital AVM supplied by the posterior cerebral vessels. It was not amenable to embolization. Their surgical approach described was with the operated side down occipital approach to the operative site. The AVM was removed and the feeding vessels were occluded with a complete functional recovery of the patient. They suggest that this approach be used in lesions in this area of the brain as retraction of the hemisphere is not necessary as it falls by gravity from the operative site, with limited retraction if needed. A...2023-08-0320 minSNI Digital PodcastPediatric Neurosurgery; Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) with Choroid Plexus Coagulation (CPC)SUMMARY: Drs. Samer Elbabaa of the Orlando Children's Hospital and Ben Mutiso from the Kijabe Mission Hospital in Kijabi, Kenya discuss their experience with Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (EVT) and Choroid Plexus Coagulation (CPC) in the treatment of Childhood Hydrocephalus. In LMIC, patients present delayed with Macrocephaly, and associated Neural tube defects. In most countries patients are treated with shunts of which 20-30% fail the first year and 85% in 5 years. EVT are done commonly world wide but Choroid Plexus Coagulaton is done in only 10 centers in Africa as it is a new procedure with a 20 case learning curve. For patients with...2023-08-031h 22SNI Digital PodcastControversies in Spine Surgery; Epidural Spinal Injections; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein discusses the evidence proving that spinal epidural steroid injections have considerable short and long tern risks but no long term benefit. She provides proof of nerve, spinal cord, cauda equina injuries, CSF leak, arachnoiditis, brain stem infarction, quadra or paraplegia and more. She reviews the anatomy and imaging to support those claims from a series of studies over the years. She analyses the studies over the past 10 years as evidence. Have appropriate imaging studies been done before these injections are given? What are the alternatives? Even though some insurance companies require these procedures, the patient is...2023-08-0351 minSNI Digital PodcastCauda Equina Syndrome (CES): Part 1; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein reviews the Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) anatomy, imaging, Clinical, Surgery Tips. She relates the clinical signs to the anatomy, imaging by MR an CT, and the Urgency of Diagnosis and Treatment. In addition she emphasizes the need for Evoked Potential monitoring; what to do if CT is not adequate or no monitoring is available. The differential causes of Lumbar disc, Spinal Stenosis, Neoplasm, Blood Clots, Trauma and Infection. Some Malpractice issues are presented. The more common presentation as a Partial Cauda Equina Syndrome is also covered. Excellent review. (JIA)2023-08-031h 08SNI Digital PodcastSpine Series Review: Lumbar Synovial Cysts; Inefections, Percutaneous Techniques-Part 1; Anatomy, Imaging, Pathology, Clinical Presentation; Dr. Nancy EpsteinSUMMARY: Dr. Epstein presents a brief lecture with discussion on the subject of Lumbar Synovial Cysts of the Spine. She discusses the origin from the facet joint as an extruded cyst formation. The detailed pathology appearance from a cyst structure to a fibrous often calcified walled vesicle that presses on the related cauda equina centrally and spinal nerve roots laterally is described. A detailed series of images shows the cyst appearance on CT, MR , and myelographic imaging. The pathology is clear indicating the difficulty in treating this lesion with needle aspiration, a procedure itself which can produce dural tears...2023-08-0343 minSNI Digital PodcastPearls and Pitfalls in Cervical Spine Surgery- Part 1- Nancy Epstein, MDSUMMARY: Dr. Epstein reviews the Anatomy, Pathology, Imaging, Clinical Presentation of Cervical spine lesions and discusses the pearls and pitfalls of disease of the cervical spine approached anteriorly. She discusses the complications of ACDF and how to avoid them. Lecture and Discussion 40 minutes. (JIA)2023-08-0339 minSNI Digital PodcastEC-IC Bypass for Cerebral Aneurysms, Skull base lesions; Eric Nussbaum, MD -Part 2SUMMARY: Dr. Nussbaum describes his experience in managing 2700 aneurysms to his referral center specifically those which cannot be clipped or coiled and require creative treatments with low risk. These are complex or giant aneurysms involving multiple vessels. He believes in choosing the simplist treatment with the highest outcome and lowest risk for these patients with numerous case examples. He finishes by showing cases in which a skull base lesion is found and how EC-IC Bypass procedures can benefit the treatment of lesions in the skull base. This review is an excellent example of using creative, intelligent judgment rather than mec...2023-08-031h 05SNI Digital PodcastControversies in Spine Surgery; Diagnosis and Treatment of Thoracic Disc Herniations; Dr. Nancy Epstein;SUMMARY: Dr. Nancy Epstein reviews the literature on Thoracic Discs and their surgical treatment. This excellent 40 minute lecture with interactive discussion should answer the questions of how to choose the right approach to perform these operations and to avoid complications. She discusses the symptomatic presentation with pain with/without neurological deficit, the necessity of performing CT, MR with CT myelography to define the lesion's location as lateral, paramedian, or median. She defines the operative approaches to lesions in each of these locations. DO NOT DO A POSTERIOR LAMINECTOMY as stated in multiple papers in the literature. Trans-pedicular, Costo-transversectomy or l...2023-08-0357 minSNI Digital PodcastA Review of Cysticercosis; Dr. Katanga Kabulo from DRC in AfricaSUMMARY: Dr. Katanga Kabulo from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, states that Cysticercosis is common in Low Income Countries particularly in South America and Mexico, many countries in Africa, India, China and other SE Asian countries. These countries have 5 billion inhabitants. The disease has been known for more than 2000 years and in 1885 was connected to the tape worm found in the intestines. Humans are infected by ingesting the cyst infected uncooked pork of pigs or unwashed food which the eggs grow in the intestines and form oncospheres which enter the blood stream to go the CNS, muscles, or o...2023-08-0350 minSNI Digital PodcastAutism Spectrum Disorders; Dr Blaylock Reports #10SUMMARY: Autism Spectrum Disorders is a group of Progressive Central Nervous System (CNS) diseases found in children around 3 years of age. Major Medical Reference sources state that the disease has no known cure and no known cause-a terrifying diagnosis for any parent. Is this the Truth? No. Autism Spectrum Disorders occurred 1 of 10,000 births 40 years ago and now has increased to 1 in 31, and in California, to 1 in 16 births. It is not genetic, or infectious or neoplastic. It does present in different forms. Dr. Russell Blaylock who has done research and published on this subject for at least 20 years reviews the ev...2023-08-031h 07SNI Digital PodcastManagement of SAH in any Environment-An Interactive DiscussionSUMMARY: Dr. Ausman leads an INTERACTIVE DISCUSSION with Sub-Saharan and international neurosurgeons to learn what world practitioners would do with a 35 year old male who presents to the ER with Severe HA, obtundation, moves all 4 extremities, Right pupil >> L, no additional history. The patient has no money and cannot travel. No CT is available. What would you do if you were the neurosurgeon called? What is the Differential. Diagnosis? Aneurysm, AVM, ICH, Hemorrhage into neoplasm , Midline obstruction of CSF, Posterior Fossa Lesion, Sickle Cell vascular occlusion, meningitis other causes? Should you do nothing? Do an LP to R/o M...2023-08-031h 09SNI Digital PodcastThe value using Intraoperative ultrasound; Simple, Useful in many areas of the brain and body;SUMMARY: Dr. Samuel Kaba of Ghana describes his use of intra-operative ultrasound in neurosurgery. In many countries, intra-operative CT, MR and Neuro-navigation is unaffordable. Ultrasound is inexpensive, provides realtime images, without and is not influence by brain shift. It is practical and easy to use with a short learning curve. As Dr. Kaba states, "the more you do, the more you do". It can be useful in tumor resections, estimating the volume of tumor removed, hematoma aspiration, biopsies, shunt placement, locating metastatic lesions, EVD placement and more. It produces live, realtime, images of lesions and can be used without ne...2023-08-0342 min