Shows
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsExploring TikTok as a Virtual Community (Alyssa, Giovanna, and Kahmari)In this episode, Alyssa, Kahmari, and Giovanna explore the intricacies of virtual communities on TikTok. They discuss various scholarly articles and personal insights into how virtual communities function as communities of practice, the impact of algorithms, and the role of influencers. Key points include the positives and negatives of TikTok's algorithm, the spread of misinformation, and the sense of community built around shared interests and influencers. They conclude that TikTok, despite its challenges, remains a significant platform for community building and learning.Click here to view the episode transcript.
ReferencesIto, M., Martin...2025-04-1726 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThe Social Spiral (Isabella, Kayla, and Mohammad)Social media is a huge part of our everyday lives. From creating connections, building up careers, and just pure entertainment. However, as social media has its pros there are also its cons which go much deeper than its typical technological capabilities. Isabella, Kayla, and Mohammad go in depth on the major effects social media has on one’s mental health ranging from children, teens and adults.Click here to view the episode transcript.
ReferencesEyal, N. (2019). Indistractable: How to control your attention and choose your life. BenBella Books.Lorenz, T. (Host). (n...2025-04-0914 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDiscerning Truth in the AI Era (Michelle and Ryan)In this episode, Ryan and Michelle dive into the critical topic of disinformation, explaining its distinction from misinformation. They explore the historical context of disinformation, its modern amplification through technology like generative AI and DeepFakes, and the real-world impacts these technologies have already had. The discussion highlights the complexities of identifying and combating disinformation, the role of media literacy, and the importance of structural changes and educational reform. The episode underscores the necessity for vigilance, critical thinking, and informed consumption of information in the digital age.Click here to view the episode transcript.
References2025-03-2620 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMisinformation: Are You Sure That's What They Meant? (Cassidy, Evelyn, and Isaak)Hop into the echo chamber of misinformation-information with Cassidy, Evelyn, and Isaak to learn about some common examples of bias controlling our interpretations of events. Whether in media, the news, or just everyday occurrences, your personal world view can shape how you understand something that seemingly has a definite meaning. In this episode, Cassidy, Evelyn, and Isaak discuss echo chambers created when discussing television and social media events, talking about how separate groups of people watch in a way that confirm their own beliefs. The conversation later brings in the fact that they consume political events very similarly to...2025-03-1225 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsExploring the World of Content Reuse (Bevin, Givana, and Luke)In this episode, Bevin, Givana, and Luke discuss the concept of remixes in pop culture and media, inspired by Kirby Ferguson's YouTube video 'Everything is a Remix.' They explore how social media platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube borrow features from each other, and how this concept extends to music, art, and television. They also delve into the implications of remixing for originality and creativity, touching on the legal and ethical aspects. The conversation includes discussions on AI's role in creative processes and the potential future of remix culture.Click here to view the episode transcript.2025-02-2614 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVirtual Communities: I See Your Value Now (Emily and Ryan)Ryan and Emily introduce the world of virtual communities that span the vast range of social media and networking platforms that so many of us frequent every day. They talk about what exactly is a virtual community, what are they all about, what helps them function, and how they have impacts that go beyond the screen. Emily and Ryan also share some personal experiences they have with virtual communities they have been a part of and what role those communities played in their lives.Click here to view the episode transcript.
Resources2024-11-0725 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsFeed Evolution: The Journey from Social Media to AI-Powered Platforms (Alyssa, Jasmine, and Nicole)In this podcast episode on digital literacy, hosts Nicole, Jasmine, and Alyssa discuss about how social media has changed over the years, from Myspace to today’s AI-powered platforms. They explain how social media moved from a place to connect with friends to a main source of news, where algorithms push popular content even if it’s misleading. The hosts share personal stories to show how easily people of all ages can believe false information, especially with AI creating custom feeds that reinforce what users already think. They also discuss how these platforms create “echo chambers,” where users see more of...2024-10-3019 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDisinformation and Dysfunction: What Makes It a Lie (Highlights)This is a recap of the last episode, Disinformation and Dysfunction: What Makes It a Lie, hosted by Liberty and Lina.Click here to view the episode transcript.
2024-10-2001 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDisinformation and Dysfunction: What Makes It a Lie (Liberty and Lina)In this episode, Liberty and Lina as they explore the intricate world of disinformation, highlighting its impact during the 2020 US election and the role of social media in spreading falsehoods. They discuss the importance of media literacy, cybersecurity education in schools, and the collective responsibility of parents, students, and companies. The conversation also tackles the polarizing effects of echo chambers and the decline of neutrality in news reporting, offering insights into the broader implications and evolving landscape of media consumption.Click here to view the episode transcript.
ReferencesBulger, M., & Davison, P. (2018). The promises...2024-10-1614 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia, Monsters, and Misinformation (Highlights)This is a recap of the last episode, Media, Monsters, and Misinformation, hosted by Cassondra and Dani.Click here to view the episode transcript.
2024-10-1301 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia, Monsters, and Misinformation (Cassondra and Dani)In this podcast episode on digital literacy, hosts Dani and Cassondra discuss the concepts of misinformation and disinformation. They explain the difference between the two, emphasizing that misinformation is false information shared unintentionally, while disinformation is deliberately false. The discussion includes how the human brain processes information via selective perception and confirmation bias, citing Manjoo's work. They also touch on how age and social media usage influence the spread and debunking of misinformation. Examples like the depiction of Frankenstein in media illustrate how information can be altered and misconstrued over time.Click here to view the episode...2024-10-0915 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThe Power of Remix: Transforming Education and Media (Highlights)This is a recap of the last episode, The Power of Remix: Transforming Education and Media, hosted by Adriana, Divya, and Kat.Click here to view the episode transcript.
2024-09-2902 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThe Power of Remix: Transforming Education and Media (Adriana, Divya, and Kat)In this episode of the Remix Podcast, hosts Divya, Adriana, and Kat explore the concept of remixing in education and media. They discuss how remixing original content can create fresh, engaging, and effective learning experiences. The conversation touches on the importance of adapting to technological advances, the impact of social constructivism and the politics of representation in media, and the ethical considerations of data extraction. They conclude with real-world examples and insights on how remixing can foster inclusivity and better connections in the classroom. Click here to view the episode transcript.
ReferencesThe...2024-09-2520 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMultimedia as a New Educational Buzzword (Highlights)This is a recap of the last episode, Multimedia as a New Educational Buzzword, hosted by April and Courtney.Click here to view the episode transcript.
2024-09-2202 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMultimedia as a New Educational Buzzword (April and Courtney)In this episode, April and Courtney talk about what Multimedia Learning is and how they can use it in their classrooms. April is a digital media arts teacher and Courtney is a math teacher. Throughout the podcast, they were able to compare and contrast the way they use and plan on using multimedia in their classrooms, mentioning different educational buzzwords. Also, they talked about how multimedia is used in a course like the one we’re taking. April mentioned an interesting fact about SpongeBob clips that Courtney was very surprised by. Overall, April and Courtney talked about the different pr...2024-09-1819 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsTeaching like Plato (Highlights)This is a recap of the last episode, Teaching like Plato, hosted by Ms. D.Click here to view the episode transcript.
2024-09-1501 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsTeaching Like Plato (Ms. D)In this exciting episode of Teaching Like Plato, Ms.D explores the innovative teaching methods that can be applied to the math curriculum, explicitly focusing on imagery and visual literacy and how they can enhance learning. She discusses the interconnectedness of mathematics and art, explaining how visual aids such as diagrams, memes, and student-created artwork may boost engagement, critical thinking, and inclusivity in the classroom. The episode emphasizes the importance of multisensory learning and will suggest strategies to incorporate visual literacy across all subjects to create a more accessible and inclusive learning environment!Click here to view...2024-09-1315 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThe Connected Collective: Exploring Virtual Communities (Catherine and Shannen)Take a look at connected communities with your hosts, Cat and Shannen, on this week’s episode. Explore connected learning and its role in the classroom, virtual communities and their benefits, and each of the hosts’ own experiences with both. With examples ranging from K-Pop fans on Twitter to decision-making in crafting, you will not want to miss this one!ReferencesIto, M., Arum, R., Conley, D., Gutiérrez, K., Kirshner, B., Livingstone, S., Michalchik, V., Penuel, W., Peppler, K., Pinkard, N., Rhodes, J., Tekinbaş, K. S., Schor, J., Sefton-Green, J., & Watkins, C.S. 2020. The Connec...2024-04-1019 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media Users’ Status: Feeling Conflicted (Cassandra and Jada)Adelphi University students, Jada and Cassie speak about the positives and negatives of different platforms of social media in the lives of its users. This discussion addresses the argument of social media’s potential to be an addiction versus a distraction and the impact it has on students’ lives inside and outside of the classroom. What can teachers do to help in strengthening their students’ knowledge of social media? How can parents assist their children in navigating social media in a safe and responsible way? What can we do to be sensible users? These questions, and more, are discussed in thi...2024-04-0324 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDecoding Deception: Navigating the Maze of Disinformation (Nada and Nicholas)Step into the realm of digital deception with Nada and Nick in today's riveting episode. Delve deep into the intricate maze of disinformation and its effect on our perceptions. From the political landscape to the COVID-19 pandemic, no topic is off-limits as they unravel the role of social media in perpetuating falsehoods. Make sure to tune in as this podcast is not to be missed!ReferencesBulger, M., & Davison, P. (2018). The promises, challenges, and futures of media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 10(1), 1-21.Pereira, P. S., Silveira, A. D. S., & P...2024-03-1321 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsFAUX News and the Rose and Zach Power Hour (Rose and Zach)Join two podcast hosts of questionable sanity as they dive into the world of misinformation this week on the Rose and Zach Power Hour. Marvel as they debate the beauty and pitfalls of the fake news world across the media landscape, including on social media, cable news, and the podcasting world (Podcastception!), with data provided by the Pew Research Center.ReferencesShearer, E. (2021, January 12). More than eight-in-ten Americans get news from digital devices. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2021/01/12/more-than-eight-in-ten-americans-get-news-from-digital-devices/ 2024-03-0619 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemixing - Not Just for DJs (Sabrina, Mike, Tanjina and Romulo)Sabrina, Mike, Tanjina and Romulo delve into thought-provoking discussions on remixes as both art and educational tools. Drawing from Ferguson’s video and Knobel and Lankshear’s work, they tackle the multifaceted role of remixing in education. Discover insights into utilizing remixing as a teaching tool and empowering students through creative expression. Tune in to unlock the potential of remixes in fostering originality and enriching the learning experience.ReferencesFerguson, K. (2023, March 21). Everything is a remix (Complete updated 2023 edition). [Video]. https://youtu.be/X9RYuvPCQUA?si=A0A_oAFpnes62vlSJames, K...2024-02-2218 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsUnveiling the Power of Multimedia: A Deep Dive into its Impact on Education and Beyond (Michael and Matthew)In this episode, Michael and Matthew sit down and have a conversation about Multimedia. They looked at what multimedia consists of and how it can be utilized in different classroom settings to address individual students' learning needs. They also talked about how multimedia can be seen or used in everyday life, and gave their predictions on its exciting future. ReferencesBagley, D. (2023, October 30). The power of interactive notebooks. Studies Weekly. https://www.studiesweekly.com/the-power-of-interactive-notebooks/Center for Teaching & Learning. (n.d.). Explore multimedia & flipping the classroom. Digital Learning & Innovation. https://www.bu.edu...2024-02-1418 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVirtual Communities (Jillian, Justin, and Giovanni)In this podcast, Jillian, Justin, and Giovanni discuss what digital literacy is, Virtual Communities, and the importance of teaching safety when it comes to kids and technology. ReferencesMallon, M. (2020, September 3). Megan Mallon. Leading Lines. https://leadinglinespod.com/episodes/episode-71megan-mallon/ Ito, M., Arum, R., Conley, D., Gutiérrez, K., Kirshner, B., Livingstone, S., … S. Craig Watkins. (2020). The Connected Learning Research Network: Reflections on a decade of engaged scholarship. Irvine, CA. Retrieved from https://clalliance.org/publications/ Malik, Z., & Haidar, S. (2020). Online community development through social interaction — K-Pop stan Twitte...2023-11-0816 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsReality Check (Ashley and Kyle)In this week's episode, Kyle and Ashley dive into a discussion on disinformation. What is it and how is it different than misinformation? Do the words “fake news” and “voter fraud” ring a bell? How is it spread and by whom? Your favorite social media influencer may be an offender. And what can we do about it? Kyle and Ashley examine the 2016 and 2020 election and how disinformation was used as a tactic to sway political outcomes. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict is briefly examined as a new hurdle in the battle against disinformation. Pulling on research from Geoff Nunberg from NPR and Samu...2023-10-1817 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMisinformation Station (Joshua, Luca, and Victoria)On this episode of The Misinformation Station, hosts Joshua, Luca, and Victoria discuss the topic of Misinformation and how it relates to echo chambers, filter bubbles, and confirmation bias. They speak on events such as PizzaGate, Nationwide Emergency Alert, and the COVID-19 pandemic. The group questions the extent of the effects of misinformation, social media’s role in amplifying this spread, and how misinformation can lead to skepticism. Their discussion highlights the importance of researching from credible sources and being digitally literate. ReferencesSpies, S. (2019, October 22). Contexts of misinformation. MediaWell. https://mediawell.ssrc.org/research-reviews/co...2023-10-1116 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century Skills"Hey You, You're Finally Awake" (Caroline and Sareem)Sareem and Caroline discuss remixing and how it affects and influences modern arts, music, movies, and gaming. They discuss their own experiences with remixing to develop their artistic style and the development of AI generated images and technologies while considering the risks of AI in our society and how it can affect the development of young artists.ReferencesEverything is a Remix (Complete Updated 2023 Edition). (n.d.). Youtube. Retrieved September 26, 20232023-09-2842 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsExploring Principles: Media that Works for You! (Autumn and Skyla)This week, your hosts go into what multimedia is and how it can help benefit the classroom. They look into its many principles and some tips and tricks on how to master this beneficial topic. They go into more detail on the science behind it and how sometimes, this teaching method could actually hurt students instead of help. But have no fear! Your hosts go into how you can successfully use multimedia to grab your students attention and create an interesting and captivating lesson! ReferencesEnglish, L. (2023, April 25). How to use multimedia effectively in your...2023-09-2021 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsPicture this: Exploring Digital literacy and Imagery (Gaby and Liv)Join Gaby and Liv as they explore the dynamic fusion of digital literacy and visual storytelling. They dive into the power of images, dissect digital art, and unravel the responsibilities of digital citizenship, speaking on their own experiences both as students and future educators. Discover how images enhance education and learn valuable resources to boost your digital imagery skills. Embark on a creative journey that blends art, technology, and critical thinking. Tune in for captivating discussions on the art of the digital age!ReferencesBunt, B. (2011, June 11). LeWitt. Brogan Bunt. Retrieved from: https://broganbunt.net.2023-09-1315 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsGet Connected (For Free) with Connected Learning! (Kayla, Samantha and Tonianne)For this week's podcast, Tonianne, Kayla, and Samantha discuss the importance of connected learning and the strides made in today's educational climate! They refer to the levels of connected learning between relationships, diversity, and personal experiences. "The Connected Learning Research Network" focuses on the importance of the classroom and the desire to create a safe space for individual student relationships. The three also discuss the young students mentioned in the reading and the importance of their experiences. They all agree that even though it's a work in progress, Connected Learning is fundamental to the development of every student.2022-12-0722 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsBonus Episode: The New Age of Learning (Brianna, Lauren, and Michelle)In this bonus podcast, Lauren, Brianna and Michelle dive into social media and education. They focus on the positives and negatives of Twitter and its use in the classroom referencing both the Tang and Hew article and the Twittering About Learning article. Referring to the Megan Mallon podcast, they talk about why digital literacy and digital citizenship is important. Then they add in pieces of their own personal experiences with Twitter and social media as a whole. To end off the podcast, they talk about how they have experienced social media use in the classroom in the past.2022-11-1122 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSuccesses and Setbacks of Social Media in Education (Metin, Stephanie and Victoria)On this week’s podcast Victoria, Metin, and Stephanie explore the positives and negatives of using social media in the classroom, as well as the impact it has had on art education. While social media continues to evolve and shape the lives of students, educators have started to incorporate it into their lessons as a way to make learning relevant and engaging. In doing so, certain challenges have surfaced. During their discussion, they provide insight from the perspectives of elementary and secondary teachers by sharing personal anecdotes from their own experiences as teachers.ReferencesG...2022-11-0920 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDaily Dose of Addiction (Brianna, Lauren, and Michelle)Have you ever felt your phone vibrate but there were no notifications? Has someone ever told you that you are addicted to social media? In this week’s podcast, Lauren, Brianna, and Michelle dive into addiction and its relation to social media. They start off diving a little bit into their own social media usage. They then reference Boyd’s article and talk about why teens seem to have “less freedom” than ever before and mention how the “addiction” relates to phantom vibration syndrome. To end the conversation, they tie in the “Social Dilemma” documentary on Netflix and Feifer’s “You are not “ad...2022-11-0215 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsFaux News, Disinformation Discourse on Your Social Media (Jazmyn, John and Joseph)Have you ever been a victim of fake news? This week’s episode focuses on the topic of disinformation on the internet. The J-Birds (Jazmyn, John, and Joe,) dig deep into different producers of disinformation, their motives behind creating such content and then address ways to combat the spread of disinformation from the classroom to your daily life.ReferencesBulger, M., & Davison, P. (2018). The Promises, Challenges, and Futures of Media Literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 10(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.23860/jmle-2018-10-1-1Spies, S. (2020, February 13). Producers of Disinformation - Version 1.2, V1.1.Medi...2022-10-1918 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMisinformation! What Can We Do About It?Alexandra, Noelle and Jen discuss the phenomenon of selective perception and how it causes social media users to not only believe faulty information but to also spread it. Using this week’s readings by Spies as a springboard, as well as the video on Selective Perception and a blog post by Harvard's Program on Negotiation, the trio explores the difference between misinformation and disinformation, selective perception and how it relates to echo chamber effects, the inconclusive research currently out there regarding how and why misinformation spreads and finally, what educators and even private citizens can do to stop the spr...2022-10-1223 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix, Ripoff, or Remastered? (Janine and Samantha)When thinking about the word “remix” what comes to mind? For Samantha and Janine, they first focused on songs but explored books, writings, images and movies as all remixes. Looking at Ferguson Everything is a remix video online, James remix practice article, as well as “Is originality dead?” podcast from the art of education university online. Using these, we focused on explaining what remix culture is and how useful or harming copying/remixing is in society and in teaching.Tim Bogatz, Andrew McCormick (2015). Is Originality Dead?: Ep. 001. The Art of Education University. https://theartofeducation.edu/podcasts/episode-001-the-ori...2022-09-2824 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsLet's Connect Your Learning (Amanda and Samantha)In today’s episode with Amanda and Sam, they discuss the importance of Connected Learning and how it will relate to educators and their classrooms. While they are both physical education teachers, stay tuned while they discuss different ways Connected Learning can be used to help promote a healthy lifestyle. Ever hear of the “4C’s” or “learning styles”? Yeah? In today's episode they also discuss the Tesia Marshik TED Talk based on Learning styles & the importance of critical self-reflection as well as Soule and Warrick’s article related to the importance of the 21st century “survival skills.” Tune in to find out the...2021-12-0819 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsStudent to Influencer (Brynn and Samantha)In this week's podcast, Brynn and Samantha talk about using social media in the classroom. Together they address concerns people have about social media in the classroom, talk about their own experiences with social media and school, ways to use social media in the classroom, online safety, cyberbullying, including the parents, and using social media to get the students interested in school. This discussion will reference two of the reading and one outside reading. ReferencesGreenhow, C., & Lewin, C. (2016). Social media and education: reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learning. Learning, Media and Technology, 41(1), 6–30. ht...2021-11-1016 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThe Social Overdose (Christina and Gabby)Is society’s collective engagement with social media considered addictive? Tech critics say yes, but addiction researchers hesitate to agree. In this episode, Gabby and Christina delve deeply into social media usage. As they analyze the evolution of Big Tech companies and how social media is impacting the highly malleable teenage generation, Christina and Gabby take a magnified, hard look at their own relationships with social media. Referencesboyd, d. (2014). It’s complicated: The social lives of networked teens. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Feifer, J. (2021) You are not "addicted" to t...2021-11-0320 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDys-Info-topia (Ian and Jiewen)In this episode, Ian and Jiewen will touch base on the topic of disinformation. They will first talk about what disinformation is and how it is different from misinformation. As they delve deeper into this topic, they draw on the reading: Producers of Disinformation - Version 1.2 (Spies, 2020) to talk about how disinformation affects us when it comes to demographics and what caused the spread of the disinformation. Discussions in this episode will include examining examples of disinformation they have come across to support their points, along with the reading: Deepfakes Are Going To Wreak Havoc On Society. We Are...2021-10-2016 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsK(no)w Truth (Julie and Ashley)This podcast, titled K(no)w Truth, is a brief introduction to how misinformation spreads and its potential impacts on society. It looks at some of the research that social scientists have been compiling to decide how or if misinformation is affecting society. ReferencesSeitz, A. and Fingerhut, H. (2021, October 8) Americans agree misinformation is a problem, poll shows. Associated Press. https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-technology-business-health-misinformation-fbe9d09024d7b92e1600e411d5f931ddSpies, S. (2020, April 29) Contexts of misinformation. Mediawell. https://doi.org/10.35650/MD.2003.d.2019Spies, S. (2020, July 30) How misinformation spreads...2021-10-1320 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsShow, Don't Tell (Michael and Yanru)In this episode, Michael and Yanru begin by defining multimedia and what it means to use the multimedia principle in a learning environment. They speak on ways they've used multimedia in courses both as students and as instructors. They also bring up a reading from another class–Technology and Instructional Design–the Fish Story used in Donovan and Bransford (2004) Introduction and how multimedia could have helped the poor novice fish visualize life outside that pond.ReferencesClark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). e-Learning and the science of instruction. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Do...2021-09-2220 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsPicture This: A Discussion on Imagery (Carissa and Maria)In this week’s podcast, Carissa and Maria will be taking a closer look at imagery and visual literacy. They will examine what exactly visual literacy is, how to make content visually appealing, how to incorporate imagery into a classroom, and most importantly, why it’s important to incorporate in a classroom (especially in this new age of social media). Listen to hear more about how they feel about this topic!Sources: Apkon, S. (2013). The age of the image: Redefining literacy in the world of screens. New York: NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Cordel...2021-09-1614 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMaking Connections (Grace and Natalie)Connected learning has become a trend. When students connect with the world with the support of families, mentors, and friends, their interests become more than interests but passions and even the starting point for their careers. In this episode, Natalie and Grace will share their connected learning experience. This podcast is not only a reflection on Ito's Connected Learning book but also a reflection on how to support student development.2021-05-0520 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsYou Have A Notification From Social Media (Graziela, Kuan, and Grace)In this episode, Graziela, Kuan, and Grace deep dived into the discussion of social media use in education and shared their social media experiences in teaching and learning. How do you feel when you receive notifications from classmates, teachers, and students on social media (whether on Twitter or Facebook)? Besides, this episode discusses how social media breaks down the boundaries between formal and informal learning and creates opportunities for connected learning.ReferencesAnderson, M., & Jiang, J. (2018). Teens, social media & technology 2018. Pew Research Center, 31(2018), 1673-1689.Colley, H., Hodkinson, P., and Malcolm, J. (2003). Informality and f...2021-04-1420 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media and Teens (Gaynel)On this bonus episode, Gaynel discusses how teenagers view their privacy on social and how their views on privacy differs from that of adults, especially their parents. Making references to danah boyd's article "It's complicated," Gaynel discusses how teenagers view their online present and their privacy. Teenagers believe that not because you have access to the content means you have access to the meaning and that shows you that they do value their privacy and share only what they deems need sharing.2021-04-0906 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media Summit (Matt, Dianna and Brooke)On this week’s episode, Matt, Dianna and Brooke discuss the dangers and drawbacks of the world’s fixation with social media, and the possible damage it may do to their students at various grade levels. Reflecting on danah boyd’s “It’s Complicated”, and Jason Feifer’s “What Will We Fear Next?” podcast, along with current government practices in China, the trio spin a satisfying symphony of thoughts on the matter.Referencesboyd, d. (2014) It's complicatedFiefer, J. (2020) What will we fear next?2021-04-0721 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSpies Shows Lies, Misinformation and Citizen Control (John, Victoria, and Natalie)In this episode, John, Victoria, and Natalie discuss misinformation and disinformation in the digital media. The trio dived into how misinformation has become relevant on social media over the course of the past 5 years. They also discussed how misinformation has made its way into the world of politics and how ideological echo chambers and filter bubbles connect to polarization on the internet. Finally, the three explored how misinformation is relevant to the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic.ReferencesRodrigo (2021) Twitter to label posts with vaccine misinformationSpies (2020) How misinformation spreads2021-03-1021 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsThere's No Algorithm for the 21st Century IRL (Simon and Jade)On this week's podcast, Simon Swist and Jade Tabor primarily discuss the work of Ito et al. (2020), which focuses on "connected learning," a seemingly more holistic approach to education that incorporates socio-cultural contexts, multiple literacies, and technology into curricula. With additional references to Soule and Warrick (2015), as well as Ken Robinson's talk on Changing Paradigms, we ultimately conclude that there are no alternatives to real-life interactions. Technology itself is merely a tool we can use to enhance learning experiences and our lives, but not to completely replace those human connections and interactions we need to develop crucial 21st century...2021-02-0327 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsReshaping Education the Social Media Way (Samantha, Cheyenne, and Marshaun)This week's episode of the digital literacy podcast is on Social Media and Education. Samantha, Cheyenne, and Marshaun explore how social media can be used as an assessment tool, our experience with the Twitterverse in relation to this week's readings, and how social media can relate to connected learning. During the episode we try to understand this week's readings and make personal connections to our own learning.ReferencesKind, E. (2015) Social media for lifelong learning. International Review of Psychiatry, 27(2), 124-132.2020-11-1316 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDisinformation Information Disentanglement (Jessica, Alex and Ernesto)ReferencesBulger and Davison (2018) The promises, challenges, and futures of media literacyManjoo (2011) True enoughSpies (2020) Producers of disinformation2020-10-0728 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century Skills"It's the Remix to Cognition" (Brandon, Richie and Nick)ReferencesAxis of Awesome - Four Chord Song: Popular comedic take on a "mashup" Ferguson (2015) Everything is a remixJames (2016) Mapping critical media literacy onto iterative remix practiceKnobel and Lankshear (2008) The art and craft of endless hybridizationMadeon - Pop Culture: Producer who famously sampled 39 different songs to not only create an original "mashup," but also perform it in real-time.Teachers Pay Teachers (discussed) | Additional TPT ReadingTime King - Tank! (Yoko Kanno and The Seatbelts/Cowboy Bebop...2020-09-3020 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century Skills'Cuz You Know We are Living in a Visual World (Katherine, Adriana, and Dana)ReferencesApkon (2013) All the world’s a screen (Excerpt from The age of the image)Burnham and Elliot (2011) Teaching in the art museum: Interpretation as experienceCordell (2015) Using images to teach critical thinking skillsDuncum (2015) A journey toward an art education for wired youthMusic: “Earning Happiness” by John Bartman. From the Free Music Archive CC0 1.0 Universal License.2020-09-1623 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsBonus Episode: Taking Advantage of the Learning and Writing CentersBonus episode from The Conversation. Our guest this week is Brandon Dove, the Coordinator of Virtual Campus and Online Services at the Learning and Writing Centers. Brandon discusses what these centers are, and how students can take advantage of them to succeed and become better learners. Click here to subscribe to new episodes!LinksBrandon's introduction video for the Writing CenterThe Learning Center websiteThe Writing Center websiteList of skills you can developScheduling an appointment2020-05-1320 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking in Education (Christopher)This is a Podcast on Design Thinking in Education. Christopher discusses the definition of Design Thinking. He then goes over the Main Procedures students learn to follow. Then he provides a Project-Based Learning Plan for the students to learn how to use the process to solve their problem. Finally he describes the positive results students gain from learning design thinking and completing a solution. The final discussion is about resources and other options for Design Thinking.2020-05-0613 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsPros and Cons of Twitter in the Classroom (Shannon and Jeanell)Shannon and Jeanell, both teachers, discuss the pros and cons of using Twitter and other social media platforms in the classroom. Listen as they explore different scenarios and ideas on how to implement social media and technology in their classrooms! ResourcesGreenhow and Lewin (2016) Social media and education: Reconceptualizing the boundaries of formal and informal learningTang and Hew (2017) Using Twitter for education: Beneficial or simply a waste of time?2020-04-2216 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media in Education: Boon or Bane? (Dominic, Georgia and Christopher)In this week’s podcast, we discuss various aspects of technological advancements and social media use in education. We analyze the episode, The telegraph, by Pessimists Archive (2019) to better understand the origins of concerns regarding the loss of privacy, moral corruption, and false news related to technological advancements. We also discuss the benefits and dangers of using social media for formal and informal learning and reflect on our experience using Twitter for #EDT501 to evaluate its use in education. Our group discussed all of the readings in our podcast Greenhow and Lewin (2016) Social media and education: Reconceptualizing the boundaries of...2020-04-1532 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsIntroducing The ConversationThe Conversation is a podcast I used to use for another class called Technology and Instructional Design. It used to be dedicated to conversations between myself as the instructor and the students. Given the big changes seen in education today, I have decided to evolve into a conversation with educators, students, parents, and administrators who have been impacted by this. This sample episode is the first from this series, with a faculty, a graduate student who is also a teacher, and an eighth grade student. The faculty and graduate student, as well as the co-host, Professor Clara Bauler, are...2020-04-1352 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsIs Social Media Ruining Our Lives? (Julie, Marci and Nia)Julie Garvey, Marci Imbrenda and Nia Thomas discuss the duality of social media. They explore whether or not we are losing our capacity for empathy as a society, what the benefits of social media are and how we as individuals can help educate our youth into being responsible users of social media.ResourcesSo you've been publicly shamed by Ron JonsonIt's complicated by danah boydBlack Mirror, Nosedive (Netflix)The Pessimists Archive (2018), The novelFrance 24 (2019) China ranks 'good' and 'bad' citizens with 'social credit' system2020-04-0817 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsPerception is reality (Clakkey, Jeannell and Shannon)In this episode, Clakkey, Jeannell and Shannon looked at the dictionary definition of literacy as well as that of the Global Alliance for Monitoring Learning and the The US National Association for Media Literacy Education. We then dissected it through the lens of Davison, Bulger and Majoo as well as our own experiences.2020-03-0419 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMayer and Tufte: On designing effective presentations (Ricci and Kimberly)In this podcast, Ricci and Kim discuss the different forms of visual presentation and its impact on learning. First they talk about the multimedia principle and how images affect our understanding. Then they move onto the modality principle and whether audio or text works best when paired with visuals. Lastly, they end with a discussion on the pitfalls of PowerPoint and their encounters with it.Special thanks to Ellen Derr, who won the logo contest last semester!2020-02-1920 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsConnected Learning (Colleen and Dakota)In this podcast, we discuss the Draft New York State Computer Science and Digital Fluency Learning Standards. We provide a background on why and how the standards were developed and we break down how they are organized. Focusing on the digital literacy standards, we share personal anecdotes and ideas about how these standards can be implemented in the classroom, we reflect on how they might be modified to meet the needs of all students and we share our thoughts about the presence of technology in our everyday lives and the importance of a strong educational foundation in digital literacy.2019-12-1121 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsConnected Learning (Jalesia, Kerri, and Christopher)Lay back and listen as Jalesia, Kerri, and Christopher go through Connected Learning as well as give personal examples and discuss. Connected learning centers around deploying new media to reach and enable youth who otherwise lack access to opportunity. This is only the start of Connected Learning but in this podcast we talk about the possible future of connected learning and how this topic can venture off into becoming something as deep as an actual class where students are taught about it!2019-12-1120 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsConnected Learning (Emily, Teresa and Emeline)We are going to discuss Connected Learning through the following talking points of economical, social, technological trends and the challenges they pose to the transformation of our current educational system. Learning is meaningful when it is part of valued relationships, shared practice, culture, and identity. Young people need connection and translation between in-school and out-of-school learning. We can engage students to help effectively shape their learning experiences, with the concepts of Connected Learning and Design thinking in mind, and we can mindfully make progressive actions towards constructing a new pathway for educational purposes. 2019-12-1111 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking II (Christine and Elizabeth)In our Podcast, we focused on a Ted Talk by TIm Brown about Design Thinking, and an article by Donaid A. Schön (Department of Urban Studies and Planning) titled “Teaching and learning as a design transaction.” Our conversation centered around communication and the issues surrounding the inherent misunderstandings that result. We used the examples from the video and article to illustrate this. We discussed the need for “giving reason” and “reciprocal reflection” as important pieces to Design Thinking. We also discussed the “Silent Game” and what teachers can take away from this activity. Our thoughts were focused on the need for awar...2019-11-2120 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking II (Laura, Justine, Mary, and Eilene)On this week's Digital Literacies and 21st Century Skills, Laura, Justine, Mary, and Eilene will be talking about Design Thinking 2. They will discuss the Schon (1992) Teaching and learning as a design transaction article, as well as Tim Brown, Urges Designers to Think Big, Ted Talk. 2019-11-2011 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking I (Maria, Shelby and Krystal)Welcome to our Podcast on Design Thinking, a non-traditional learning style that may change the way you teach and learn forever. In this episode we discuss "abductive reasoning" which is the type of learning that goes along with design thinking. Abductive reasoning involves jumping into a problem without knowing all the information yet; it's a very hands on approach. In our talk we discussed our concerns with what using design thinking entails and through it you will learn the steps of the design process, why educators may want to use it, and how it's being applied places already. The...2019-11-1320 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media and Wikipedia (Solveig and Byron)In this podcast, Byron Stewart and Solveig Comer discuss social media, the reliability of Wikipedia, and the social aspects of Wikipedia behind the scenes. We also discuss how appropriate social media and wikipedia are for use in K-12 classrooms and look forward to digital literacy in the future.2019-11-1317 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media II (Brooke, Christopher and Michael)In this podcast from Brooke White, Chris Horton and Michael Califano, we address the debate over social media within the classroom. We connect our thoughts, ideas, and personal experiences concerning social media and technology use as a learning tool to current research and educational hypotheses. Thank you all for listening!2019-10-3023 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media II (Julia and Miranda)This Social Media II podcast covers a range of topics surrounding social media in today’s education system. We will be discussing social media platforms in the classroom, with a particular focus on Twitter and Facebook. We will discuss some examples as to when it has proven to be effective in the classroom, as well as some pitfalls to watch out for.Readings that we referenced include: Greenhow and Lewin (2016) Social media and education and Tang and Hew (2017) Using Twitter for education.Music: https://www.purple-planet.com2019-10-3015 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Mary, Teresa, and Emeline)In our podcast, we touched on both the boyd and Ronson readings. After giving a brief overview of social media, as it’s discussed in boyd’s chapter, we presented both positive and negative aspects of social media. We all concluded with different ways we believed social media could be introduced to classrooms, specifically art and elementary classes.2019-10-2510 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Ellen, Nikki, and Elaheh)Welcome back! During their second episode of their podcast, Ellen Derr, Nikki Weber, and Elaheh Salari discuss social media. Their conversation focuses on this week's readings God That Was Awesome, Why Do Teens Seem Strange Online and an episode of Netflix's Black Mirror. They also discuss some of their personal views on social media and how it has impacted their lives. Thanks for listening!2019-10-2421 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Kerri, Elizabeth, and Dakota)The podcast’s main focus was about the Chinese social credit system and our view points on the system as a whole. As a team we collected our information from the video and reading (by Elgan) which was provided to us in class. The Chinese social credit system is in place to create an ideal “model citizen” in society based on rules and regulations. When a citizen does not obey the system they are “black listed” in a public shaming manner, of which can be humiliating to the individuals and their families as they are to be outcasted as pariahs. I...2019-10-2414 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix (Ellen, Nikki, and Elaheh)We are living in a world where everything is a remix. During this episode, Ellen Derr, Nikki Weber, and Elaheh Salari discuss what the word remix means to them and how they can apply it in their professional lives as well as their personal lives. They also break down their favorite parts of Kirby Ferguson's video "Everything is a Remix Remastered." Thanks for listening!2019-10-1119 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix (Laura, Eilene, and Justine)This week, Laura Erwin, Eilene Paul, and Justine Moody spoke about Remix. We discuss Remix in terms of What is remix? Is it to combine or edit material to create something new- first seen in music? What role does remix have in cultural production? We looked at the huge influence on our musical influences and styles, by adding and switching techniques and the video “everything is a remix”. How should educators use remix? We researched the concept of Remix, to answer these questions through Ferguson (2015) Everything is a remix, James (2016) Mapping critical media literacy onto iterative remix practice, and Knob...2019-10-1024 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy II (Jalesia and Christopher)Jalesia Williams and Christopher Schimpf discuss important topics introduced in the readings “(2015) Do we really need media education 2.0?” as well as “(2017) Media manipulation and disinformation online”. Students will also take a different approach on the podcast, Christopher Schimpf representing Media 1.0 as Jalesia Williams represents Media 2.0.2019-10-0217 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy II (Emily, Julia, Krystal, and Shelby)All people especially children learn from the media in their environments. What they see, what they hear and ultimately what they experience. This media surrounds us. How can we sort through the digital media today? Focusing on our role as educators and parents in the growing digital world that we live in today, we ourselves need to understand the media and the avenues of that media throughout our culture and the minds of our youth. With that, we need to discuss and work collectively to a unanimous and seamless integration of Media Literacy in the education system. 2019-10-0209 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy I (Michael and Christopher)Michael and Chris discuss the three readings for Media Literacy, we focus on the main points of the readings and discuss their implications for teachers and other members of society. This week's readings were very interesting and spawned a good discussion that we hope you will enjoy and find helpful. We mostly discussed the two Manjoo readings but we did discuss Gee in the beginning. 2019-09-2519 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVisual Literacy II (Brooke and Christine)In this first podcast from Brooke White and Christine Owens, we discuss topics such as the Multimedia Principle and the Redundancy Principle. We connect our thoughts, ideas, and personal experiences concerning differentiation to current research and educational hypotheses. Lastly, we discuss Tufte’s stance on PowerPoint presentation and its effects on both the educator and the learner. Thank you for listening!2019-09-1918 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVisual Literacy II (Miranda, Colleen and Maria)Our podcast focuses on the readings for Visual Literacy II. We review the Multimedia Principle and The Redundancy Principle by Clark and Mayer, and The cognitive style of PowerPoint by Tufte. We discuss different types of graphics and how they can effectively compliment text in eLearning and we talk about when text or graphics can be unnecessary or have a negative effect on the learner. Finally we share how PowerPoint, although a commonly used platform, is often ineffective and in certain cases, harmful, to audiences. 2019-09-1820 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVisual Literacy I (Solveig and Byron)In this first podcast from Byron Stewart & Solveig Comer, we discuss the topic of Visual Literacy and its role in educational settings. Included are our favorite terms related to visual literacy and how it has changed and continues to change education. Thanks for listening!2019-09-1014 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media Revisited (Jennifer and Nico)In our final episode for the semester, Jennifer and Nico revisit our discussion of social media as it relates to 21st century skills.2018-12-0719 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsConnected Learning (Anthony and Nico)In this podcast, Anthony and Nico discuss the Ito et al's Connected Learning reading. We go over what connected learning means and then we talk about experiences in our life where we learned something using connected learning. We then discuss some of the case studies done in the reading and give our thoughts on those and how they connect to some of the experiences that we have had in college.2018-11-3012 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I Revisited (Angela, Nitasha and Joanna)We revisited social media and discussed several different class readings and videos we were exposed to in those weeks. We evaluated the Netflix Black Mirror Episode and talked about how it relates to our world now, where we see this today, and how we all felt about the concept. We also spoke about Impressions Management and whether or not we felt it was dishonest or normal/acceptable. Later we compared our views on the Chinese social media score video. Finally, we revisited and discuss the social media debate done by class.2018-11-2813 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix Revisited (Ann and Cinzia)For our podcast this week, we (Cinzia and Ann) did a revisit of Remix and discussed the readings and video from that week. Based on the feedback given on our last Podcast, we did a bit more conversational back and forth, gave more personal incites and personal examples, and tried to make it a bit more interesting overall. We also added background music during the reading of quotes by Ferguson to give some emphasis to those segments.2018-11-2617 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I Revisited (Tammra, Jenna and Natalie)During this podcast we revisited Social Media I. We focused on the readings from boyd (2014) Identity: Why do teens seem strange online? and Ronson (2015) God that was awesome. Additionally we talked about a few topics from these readings, including Impressions Management, Public Shaming, Social Media Score, and whether or not social media is good or bad for society.2018-11-2108 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking II (Yi-Hsin and Xuemeng)We are talking about forms of thinking, deductive reasoning, inductive reasoning, and abductive reasoning. And we also talking about Tim Brown's TED Talk, and share our examples and ideas to introduce how design thinking is useful in our lives and how we use design thinking to innovate. We are interested in the silent game, which is used in teaching and learning, and we provide ideas about how it works in the classroom.2018-11-1510 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy II Revisited (Angela, Brianna and Marissa)The Podcast is a revisit on a topic we learned before regarding Media Literacy II. We used that week’s readings and videos to make connections from our personal lives, as well as connections to subsequent topics we learned, such as Social Media and Design Thinking. This podcast reinforces our learning about teaching media responsibly and engaging students. 2018-11-1408 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking II (Kayla and Marisa)For this weeks podcast, Marisa and I focused on Tim Brown's TED Talk, Professor Hung's video, and Donald Schon's reading Teaching and Learning as a Design Transaction. We started off by giving a quick overview of the different forms of thinking and how we relate to them. Then we wanted to talk more in depth about the TED talk example of solving problems in the world using design thinking. This came from his #CBDQ. We ended with the reading and how people have different ways of thinking about the same solution and how the silent game showed us the importance...2018-11-1308 minDigital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsDesign Thinking II (Lauren and Taryn)This podcast focuses primarily on Schon (1992) Teaching and learning as a design transaction reading. We do discuss briefly the Forms of Thinking video and the TED Talk. Our focus is on the idea of design thinking and communication. We were able to make connections to our own teaching experiences and this weeks reading. 2018-11-1308 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Yi-Hsin and Xuemeng)Latest episode of Digital Literacies and 21st Century Skills2018-10-2514 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Wendy, Xingyue and Shahee)The topic of this episode is social media. Wendy, Xingyue and Shahee talk about two readings and a video. The first reading is Ronson's chapter on cyber violence. Then, they discuss boyd's article about the multiple identities of youth networks. Finally, since two of the podcasters are Chinese, Shahee and Xingyue discussed their viewpoints on the social credit system in China.2018-10-2307 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsSocial Media I (Ann and Cinzia)For our podcast this week, Cinzia and Ann discuss both readings, the video and the Black Mirror Netflix episode. The readings they focus on were danah boyd’s "Identity: Why do teens seem strange online?", from her book "It's complicated," which talks about the trials and tribulations of today’s teens’ social life and interactions online, and their identity work in an online environment. They also talk about Jon Ronson’s “God that was awesome,” which highlighted the public shaming which occurs on social media in channels such as Twitter and the comparisons to real life shaming. They also discuss the France 2...2018-10-2219 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix (Nico and Anthony)Nico and Anthony talk about fan fiction, Kirby Ferguson's "Everything is a Remix", Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear, and Kedrick James.2018-10-1813 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix (Jennifer and Joanna)Jennifer and Joanna discuss remix, Kirby Ferguson's "Everything is a Remix", Michele Knobel and Colin Lankshear, and Kedrick James.2018-10-1818 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsRemix (Angela, Brianna and Marissa)Angela, Brianna and Marissa discuss remix and education.2018-10-1110 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy II (Tammra, Jenna and Natalie)Tammra, Jenna and Natalie discuss Marwick and Lewis' "Media manipulation and disinformation online" and David Buckingham's "Do we really need media education 2.0?"2018-10-0306 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy II (Taryn and Nitasha)Taryn and Nitasha discuss Marwick and Lewis's "Media manipulation and disinformation online" and David Buckingham's "Do we really need media education 2.0?"2018-10-0312 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsMedia Literacy I (Kayla and Marisa)Kayla and Marisa discuss James Paul Gee's "Digital media and learning as an emerging field" and Farhad Manjoo's "True Enough".2018-10-0307 min
Digital Literacies and 21st Century SkillsVisual Literacy II (Lauren and Angela)Lauren and Angela discuss Edward Tufte's "The Cognitive Style of PowerPoint" and Richard Mayer's Multimedia Principle and Redundancy Principle.2018-10-0312 min