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Medgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastWhen the Microbiome Goes Wild Part 1Symbiosis is the interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically both gain an advantage. But what happens when the mutually beneficial relationship ends and the problems begin.  Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he discusses small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in part 1 of when the microbiome goes wild. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a resource to help you. Because you're a p...2022-08-2913 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastStudies to Help Our PatientsThere are endless studies that address which medications help patients with their chronic ailments, but there are also equally as many studies that help patients increase their quality of life. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal in this week's podcast episode in which we highlight research that can help you help your patients live better, healthier lives.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a resource to help yo...2022-08-2211 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedical Musical ChairsWhat do ketchup, leeches and lobotomy all have in common? They were all thought to be a therapeutic modality, but potentially a grave medical mistake. Join us this week with Dr. Niket Sonpal as he looks back into the past of medicine and medical musical chairs. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a resource to help you. Because you're a podcast listener, we also want...2022-08-1511 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastLet's All Be Fun-gi PeopleWhat do you call a fungi that makes music? A decomposer. What do you call this podcast? Amazing! Join us this week with Dr. Niket Sonpal in which we review an evergreen topic, dermatophyte infections of the skin and how to diagnose, treat and manage them.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a resource to help you. Because you're a podcast listener, we also want to...2022-08-0811 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastRestless Leg SyndromeHave you ever felt restless?...of course, we all have! But imagine having a creepy crawly sensation when you are trying to sleep. No, this isn't about arachnophobia, it's restless leg syndrome. According to many studies, roughly 20% of people suffer from restless leg syndrome.  Join us for this week's podcast with Dr. Niket Sonpal where we review the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of Restless Leg Syndrome. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud o...2022-07-2912 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHair Loss Hair loss can cause a great deal of stress and anxiety in our patients. Millions of people suffer yearly with androgenic alopecia and fall prey to numerous myths as to the cause for their hair loss.   Join Dr. Niket Sonpal on this week's podcast where we dispel hair loss myths and tell you what works for your patient.   - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a resource to help you. Be...2022-07-2513 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastFood Poisoning Risk FactorsIn 2022 there seems to be many different recalls of cars, products on the shelves, even food in the market and food delivery services. This week, we will go over food borne illness and what you should do for your patients when they come with food poisoning. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he helps you digest how to care of your patient when they come in. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for...2022-07-1813 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastNever Get OldAs we get older, there are a lot of health and age related changes that our body undergoes. We are going to focus on what changes in your body and what are some things that start to decline. This way you can help your patients adjust to the changes. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he tries to help everyone stay young. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of...2022-07-1112 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPros and Cons of Working From HomeWhile working from home started as a temporary measure because the United States workforce was relegated to home during the pandemic, it has now become a mainstay paradigm in 2022. Of course, there are many pros and cons when it comes to remote work. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal this week as we review the top benefits of working from home and what you can do for your patients to make sure they reap those rewards.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live m...2022-07-0412 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThis Just-in: What is Ramsay Hunt SyndromeCelebrities such as athletes, movie actors/actresses and even tv personalities have raised awareness of diseases or procedures that would otherwise go unnoticed in society today. It also destigmatizes the public perception of the disease/procedure. In doing so, it raises funding for research to help find a cure for those diseases. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he sheds light on the Ramsay Hunt Syndrome also known as Varicella zoster. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more f...2022-06-2710 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Truth About TikTok Health ChallengesSocial media has amazing benefits ranging from choreography to cat videos to cooking advice for cannelloni and more.   TikTok has become the mainstream social media outlet and numerous users provide health tips and hacks to better yourself and live your best life.    Join Dr. Niket Sonpal in this weeks podcast where we tell you which TikTok health trends are real and which ones you can swipe past.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this...2022-06-2014 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastStaying Healthy While FlyingTraveling these days requires a more detailed approach, but it can still be done while minimizing the risks. Wonder why your patients are so flatulent while flying? Want to know how  to prevent those air cabin sinus infections?  We've got the answer. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he goes over how to stay safe while flying in this week's podcast.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have...2022-06-1312 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastIdentity DisordersWhat do Shakespeare, Mood Knight and Tyler Durden from Fight Club have in common? They all share the singular idea of what makes us who we are.  Is it our name, or is it our personality? But what if your patient has multiple personalities? Can you recognize dissociative identity disorder?  Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he breaks down DID and how to manage this rare psychiatric illness. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of...2022-06-0613 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedical Updates 2022The practice of medicine is called a practice because it involves constant attention, learning, and evolution of thought. In medicine we must make efforts to stay up to date with new guidelines and evidence that may change our disease management algorithms and paradigms. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal this week as he reviews some of the new updates in Internal Medicine which undoubtedly will help change the way you think about disease states but also your patient approach.  - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, an...2022-05-2312 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Low Down on Low TThere is a long history of pseudoscience about low testosterone. There are a lot of “golden cures” out there. Here, we will try and debunk some of the myths of low testosterone. Join Dr. Niket Sonpal, and see how you can help diagnose your patient's low testosterone, and how to treat it. What the symptoms your patient might have and how to manage your patients that may clinically have it. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're prou...2022-05-1614 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Bees Knees and Hips tooOsteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis which makes up about 65%. Arthritis can affect the hands, feet, hips, knees and the spine. We will talk specifically about knees and hips. In this episode, Dr. Niket Sonpal will discuss some of the most common features of osteoarthritis, management of this condition nonsurgically. But, if your patient does need surgery, when to refer for a total hip/knee replacement. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of...2022-05-0919 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Energy Drink DilemmaEveryone wants to feel energetic and more focused. Many patients will turn to coffee and tea but claims by energy drink companies can be the siren call to those weary, who want to achieve more.  Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he reviews the dilemma with energy drinks, their content, lack of scientific evidence, and numerous negative health outcomes. - We've been in the business of helping students and clinicians learn better medicine, get ahead, and ultimately live more fulfilled lives they're proud of for nearly 10 years. Because of this, we've undoubtedly have a r...2022-05-0213 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Pre Travel VisitNot all those who wander are lost but they can get sick while traveling.  In this week's podcast we will go into how to prepare your patients for international travel.  Join Dr. Niket Sonpal as he reviews important vaccinations, general travel guidelines, food and water safety precautions and how to avoid/treat traveler's diarrhea. Patients will want to make up for time lost during the pandemic and with the return of leisure and luxury travel, this is the podcast you are looking for! - We've been in the business of helping students and cl...2022-04-2513 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedical MythsMyth and superstition play a huge role in our daily lives and this is a big part of all cultures. Many people carry good luck charms, seek fortune tellers, and even look to the stars for guidance.  Do these things help? Are we doing them because the generations before us told us to do it? Is it tradition?  We have many modern-day myths and cultural beliefs that really don't have a basis, but there's a lot of that in medicine too. In this episode of the Medgeeks podcast, we'll be discussing some of th...2022-01-3114 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastLessons learned in 2021 & the future direction of Medgeeks!Every year I (Andrew) jump back on the podcast for one episode to reflect the most important lesson learned over the last year. So, today’s podcast will be just that! I'll also be sharing the new direction and focus for Medgeeks in 2022.  It's my hope that today's episode shifts your perspective and hopefully get's you thinking about what it is you want from your career. I'm so excited for everything we'll be doing for both primary care PAs and NPs...I wish you all a happy and prosperous 2022! Here are the links mentioned in tod...2022-01-1735 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastColorectal cancer screening updatesWelcome back to the Medgeeks podcast. I'm Dr. Niket Sonpal, internist and gastroenterologist, and today we're going to be talking about colon cancer. In today's podcast, I'll be sharing: Epidemiological numbers Risk factors Current methodologies for screening Different screening options After this episode, we'll make sure you're up to date with the new recommendations for colon cancer screening. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we...2021-12-1321 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe "Red Zone" Part 1Today, we'd like to introduce Dr. Niket Sonpal as the new host of the Medgeeks podcast!  Who is Dr. Sonpal? Well, besides being an internist and gastroenterologist, he's an assistant professor at Touro College of Medicine in Harlem New York. In addition to that, he's had the fortunate opportunity to be the co-author of "Master the Boards USMLE Step 2 and Step 3" . He's also faculty at Medquest Board review and was faculty at Kaplan for their medical test prep. He's also done a variety of lectures with Medgeeks as well.  All these things combined has led to...2021-11-0828 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastUSPSTF Updates You Need to KnowMedgeeks is proud to introduce our new podcast host Dan Champigny, PA-C! Dan has been working as a PA in family practice for the past five years and moving forward, he'll be sharing his knowledge and expertise with you, starting with this week's high level overview of processes that have recently been changed by the USPSTF. This week's episode discusses: new updates for Hepatitis C screening, colonoscopy screenings for colon cancer, and lung cancer screening in smokers.  - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as...2021-07-1325 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSociety of breast imaging & the covid vaccine recommendationsThis is a snippet from our In The Know series w share with our clients. But, because of the ever evolving landscape we're in, we thought it would be important to share this update with everyone on our podcast! Today, we'll discussing a new recommendation made by the society of breast imaging. As many know, the COVID-19 vaccine can lead to lymphadenopathy, which can throw off results. So, what should you do?   This episode is hosted by Joe Rad PA-C, who currently works in the ICU and pulmonary medicine and is one of our Medgeeks edu...2021-04-2309 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastJohnson and Johnson Covid VaccineThis is a snippet from our In The Know series w share with our clients. But, because of the ever evolving landscape we're in, we thought it would be important to share this update with everyone on our podcast! Today, we'll discussing the Johnson and Johnson Vaccine. This episode is hosted by Joe Rad PA-C, who currently works in the ICU and pulmonary medicine and is one of our Medgeeks educator. -- Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in me...2021-03-0508 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPsilocybin assisted therapy, mental health, and how we doubled the size of our companyIt’s been a very long time since I have jumped on the Medgeeks podcast. But, every year I share and reflect everything I have learned with the community...and this year is no different!  This episode is heavily focused on mental health and the pandemic. Much of what I discuss today is based off my personal experience, which is what shaped the growth of our company.  Today, I’ll be discussing: The Pandemic My experience with psilocybin  Why I started therapy and how it’s helped shape Medgeeks How our company doubled in size and...2021-01-0537 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSOAP NotesHi everyone you are listening to the Medgeeks podcast, thank you so much for joining. Today we're going to be talking about clinical documentation specifically, the SOAP note. Clinical documentation is incredibly important an essential skill for every clinician to master. Many people are not familiar with the proper way to write a SOAP note, I get sent a lot of questions on this, so that's why we're going to go over it today. Before you change the channel, I promise, there are going to be a lot of Pearls packed into this episode, so stick with...2020-06-2710 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastNS vs LR Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or anything in between, we can definitely help.   We've worked with thousands since 2013 and we're confident we can help take your career and life to the next level. You can learn more about our mentorship opportunities here:   https://www.m...2020-06-1309 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHypersensitivity ReactionsA 16 year old male is being seen in the ER for cellulitis and a skin abscess. He has already undergone I & D of the abscess and he's waiting to be discharged. You order a shot of Clindamycin, 600mg to be given IM prior to his discharge. Five minutes later, you're called back into the room and you see the patient is in respiratory distress and having very labored breathing. His face is puffy and his voice sounds muffled. As you consider what to do next, you are struck with a very important question. What type of hypersensitivity...2020-05-0409 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMechanical Ventilation 101 For ProvidersWe recently held a live training to discuss mechanical ventilation for providers (especially for those without any experience). There are many being deployed to help, that aren't versed in vents, and so we held this to give you the basics regarding mechanical ventilation. This is the replay of that training, along with a Q&A session at the end of the training. Want to keep learning with Joe Rad PA-C? Learn more about our hospitalist mentorship here: https://medgeeks.co/hospitalist-mentorship - Our goal at Medgeeks is...2020-04-151h 32Medgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAortic DissectionYour next patient is a 62yo M brought to the emergency department complaining of acute onset chest pain that radiates to his neck. The EKG is normal sinus rhythm (NSR) with no ischemic changes. The patient’s blood pressure is 164/92 in the right arm; and 132/78 in the left arm. What's the next step for this patient? What labs do we need? What imaging do we need? This is a patient who very well may die today if you don't do things correctly and quickly. Today on the Medgeek's podcast we discuss Aortic Dissection....2020-03-2515 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastCOVID-19 Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or anything in between, we can definitely help.   We've worked with thousands since 2013 and we're confident we can help take your career and life to the next level. You can learn more about our mentorship opportunities here:   https://www.m...2020-03-0916 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSarcoidosisA 39 year old female presents to you for cough that she has had for 7 months. It is a dry cough that she has assumed is related to her allergies. Nothing makes this cough go away. She takes no medications, other than Zyrtec daily and has no past medical history. Over the past 2-3 weeks she develops, fatigue, night sweats and even reports a fever. It seems this may be a bit more than simple allergies. You wisely obtain a CXR to evaluate this chronic cough with now constitutional symptoms and you believe you have your answer when...2020-02-1014 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastScaphoid FractureA 43 year old male presents to the emergency department with right wrist pain after falling on his outstretched right hand. You obtain an  x-ray of the wrist, which demonstrates no acute fracture or dislocation. The patient is neurovascularly intact, you decided to discharge the patient home with instructions to treat with: ice, rest, and some naproxen. 14 months later, you're being sued by this very same patient, apparently, after you saw the patient their wrist pain never got better and in fact it persisted for over 8 months before they were finally seen again at another facility. They were t...2020-02-0416 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastShared Decision MakingYou have two patients. One is a 53 year old male with a past medical history of diabetes, and he's presenting to the emergency room with an abscess on his upper back, it has been growing larger for the past four days. His vitals are significant for a heart rate of 108 and temp of 99.9. Meanwhile down the hall, you're also seeing a 25 year old female who recently gave birth three weeks ago, she complains of chills, fatigue, and back pain. She has normal vital signs aside from tachycardia of 131. I saw both of these patients during...2020-01-2411 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastCornea PathologyA 36 year old man presents to your Urgent Care complaining of progressively worsening left eye pain. It started as a scratchy feeling three days ago but now it's worse. He can barely even open it, due to the pain and the light sensitivity. When you examine the eye it's red, and there is purulent drainage. Is this pinkeye? Could it be something worse? Today let's discuss pathology relating to the cornea. -  Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. T...2020-01-2018 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAtrial Fibrillation Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or anything in between, we can definitely help.   We've worked with thousands since 2013 and we're confident we can help take your career and life to the next level. You can learn more about our mentorship opportunities here:   https://www.m...2019-12-2013 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastStenosis and Regurgitation Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or anything in between, we can definitely help.   We've worked with thousands since 2013 and we're confident we can help take your career and life to the next level. You can learn more about our mentorship opportunities here:   https://www.m...2019-12-1320 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMurmurs Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or anything in between, we can definitely help.   We've worked with thousands since 2013 and we're confident we can help take your career and life to the next level. You can learn more about our mentorship opportunities here:   https://www.m...2019-12-0617 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnemia Part 3- Macrocytic AnemiaWelcome to the medgeeks podcast, this is Eric Gordon and we are going to be finishing up our conversation on anemia today. If you haven't done so already be sure and check out our two previous episodes on anemia. Part One was microcytic anemia and Part Two normocytic. Today we are finishing up with part three and that is macrocytic anemia. We're talking B12, we’re talking folate, we're talking alcohol. We're going to get into the workup to figure out what's causing a macrocytic anemia and of course we will talk about treatment as we...2019-11-2015 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnemia Part 2 - Normocytic AnemiaToday we are continuing our discussion on anemia, and we are focusing Normocytic Anemia. If you missed it last week, we talked Anemia Part 1: Microcytic Anemia. If you missed it go check it out. Lets go ahead and get started: Today we are going to discuss: How to approach Normocytic Anemia Best way to work-up Normocytic Anemia The Causes and Pathophysiology Decreased Production Increased destruction or sequestration Blood-loss Fluid over-load The most common cause of Normocytic Anemia - Anemia of Chronic Disease Best place to start if your patient has Normocytic Anemia...2019-11-0912 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnemia Part 1 - Microcytic AnemiaA 21 yo F presents c/o of increasing fatigue and occasional SOB. Her sx have been gradual in onset over the past few weeks. She denies: chest pain, cough, fever & leg edema. Vital signs are normal. No other complaints or Past Medical History. You obtain some labs that show you what you believe to be the answer. Hgb - 7.8 3 months ago: Hgb - 12.5 Whats the next step? What's the cause? How do you manage this? This week on the Medgeeks podcasts we discuss.. ANEMIA! - Our goal...2019-11-0914 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastOrbital CellulitisYour next patient is an 8yo girl; her mother brought her to your office because she has a red painful left eye. Her mother believes this is “Pink Eye”.  There has been no drainage or any known exposure. On exam, you see a significant amount of edema and erythema of the upper and lower eyelids and the surrounding soft tissue. The patient’s eye is effectively swollen shut and she is complaining of pain when you try to open the eye. However, you can see there is conjunctival injection. She has a low grade fever of 101...2019-10-3011 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastApproaching Vertigo!A 43 year old male with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia presents to the emergency department with dizziness that started 14 hours ago. He complains of nausea and vomiting. He denies recent trauma, fever, headache, visual disturbance, or weakness. He says he requires the assistance of his wife to walk because he feels unsteady.  His symptoms are relieved when he sits down at rest, but they never fully resolve. When you speak to him, his symptoms looks a lot like vertigo.  He tells you that his dad had vertigo an...2019-10-2222 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMastoiditisEar pain! I see it almost every shift in the ED. Most of the time it is pretty routine stuff, otitis media, swimmer's ear, occasionally a foreign body in the case of some adventurous toddlers.  Bottom line, not really emergencies, MOST OF THE TIME! But what happens when ear pain presents in a really sick patient, who's at risk for serious life threatening complications if they are not managed appropriately today, right now? Today on the Medgeeks podcast we're talking Mastoiditis! -  Our goal at Medgeeks is to...2019-10-1615 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHypercalcemiaYour patient is furious! He showed up to your office this morning demanding to speak with you regarding his most recent lab results. You had seen him for a routine visit two days ago, and you haven't had a chance to review the results, that came in late last evening... ...but the patient had. While reviewing the labs through his patient portal, the patient noticed something that concerned him very much: he noted his calcium was elevated. Not knowing what that means, he did what any sensible person would...2019-10-0712 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnkle InjuriesDoes every twisted ankle need to be imaged? Does a negative ankle x-ray mean there isn't any need for ortho followup?  Does every ankle fracture need to be placed in a splint and made non-weight bearing? Today, we'll be discussing the high yield topics related to ankle injuries...as well as some clinical pearls, so you don't get burned! At the end, we'll be staring a question from one of our listeners, regarding thee DVT. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life yo...2019-10-0116 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastCroupYour first patient of the morning is an 18 month year old female patient who's brought to the clinic by her mother.  The chief complaint is cough and difficulty breathing. The patients mother states she was up all night due to the nearly constant coughing. On exam, the girl appears very fatigued. She has a pervasive non-productive barking cough. You also notice there is tachypnea and stridor.  Her O2 saturation is 97% and her lungs are clear. So, what's the plan? Today on the Medgeeks podcast, we'll be discussing croup! ...2019-09-2314 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review Podcast[part 2] Pulmonary EmbolismToday is part 2 of our discussion regarding pulmonary embolism! In part 1, we discussed the pathophysiology and presentation for pulmonary embolism. Today's episode will be focused more so on the workup of pulmonary embolism and how we're going to manage these patients. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the...2019-09-1720 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review Podcast[part 1] Pulmonary EmbolismA 29 year old female presents to the emergency room with chest pain and shortness of breath that started last night.  The pain is located on her right anterior chest and she describes it as sharp and stabbing and is worse when she takes a deep breath. The EKG in triage shows she's in sinus rhythm at a rate of 114 without signs of ischemia. She appears anxious and when asked, she states she has a history of panic attacks. She denies cough, URI symptoms, back pain, fever, leg swelling. There has been no recent t...2019-09-1012 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastKidney stonesIt's 7:30 am and a 55 year old male presents to your emergency department complaining of stabbing pain in his right side, which woke him up from sleep, about 20 minutes ago. As you walk into the room, you see him pacing around, clutching his side and slightly hunched over. He won't sit still and can barely complete a sentence before groaning from all the pain.  He has a past medical history of hypertension and diverticulitis. He denies any associated symptoms and states yesterday he felt normal. The triage nurse obtained a urine sample s...2019-09-0414 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Neurological Exam Part 2Today, we'll be finishing up our discussion on the neurological exam. Last week, we talked about the cranial nerves and the motor exam. This week, for part 2, we'll be discussing reflexes and the sensory exam. At the end, I'll go over the flow I use in the emergency department. Afterwards, we'll be answering your questions about nystagmus and right ventricular MIs. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, wh...2019-08-2616 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Neurological Exam Part 1You'll need to do a good neurological exam and make sure there aren't any deficits. Are there any focal neuro findings? Who's heard these things before? Who's asked themselves these things before?  There are a ton of indications to do a complete neurological exam on a patient. Perhaps they are altered, have a headache, or have a head/spine injury? Let's be honest here, sometimes the neuro exam can be a little tedious and daunting for both students and clinicians alike. But, it doesn't need to be that way. T...2019-08-1615 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastA droopy smile!Your next patient is a 25 year old man who called in to make a same day appointment.  He has no past medical history, but you know him pretty well. He's always been a bit of a hypochondriac, so you figure it's probably nothing major. When you walk in the room, the patient smiles, and you shake hands. That's when you notice... Today, we'll be talking Bells Palsy.  What is it, how do we diagnose, and how do we treat? - Our goal at Medgeeks is to...2019-08-1014 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastDiabetic KetoacidosisYour next patient is a 21 year old female who was brought in to urgent care by her husband with the chief complaint of fatigue and vomiting. Before you go in to see the patient, you notice she has no past medical history and her vital signs are normal, aside from a heart rate of 122 BPM. The patient thought she was coming down with something, because she was feeling very tired and lost her appetite. She developed vomiting this am. They blame the sushi they ate. During the physical, you notice she looks very...2019-08-0517 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnimal bitesYour next patient is a 7 year old boy, brought in by his parents with a chief complaint that simply says, "bite". You're walking down the hall, to the patient, all the while wondering what kind of bite we're talking about. As you near the room, you hear the boy crying hysterically. You enter the room and see the mother trying to console the patient, holding a folded up t-shirt to the right side of his face, and there's blood all over the patient's clothes. The boys father is angrily pacing around the room...2019-07-2720 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastEctopic PregnancyA 22 year old female comes into your clinic and she's complaining of lower abdominal pain which started yesterday.  She has no past medical history.  The patient denies vomiting or fever. She really doesn't have any other complaints aside from the pain, which she states is sharp, but dull at times as well. She then reveals her last menstrual period was 6 week prior. What's one of the first things that should pop into your head when evaluating this patient? Well, that's exactly what we'll discuss on todays episode: Ectopic Pregnancy. ...2019-07-2017 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAtraumatic Joint PainToday, we'll be discussing the patient presenting with atraumatic joint pain and the many differentials that come along with that. We'll also be answering all the questions everyone submitted at the end of the podcast. Have a question regarding clinical practice, school, exams, or anything medical? Submit your question (free) and we'll answer on the next episode! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a...2019-07-1325 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSyncope (what would you do): Differential, Workup, and ManagementToday, I'd like to introduce Eric Gordon PA-C. He's the newest member of the Medgeeks team and is a physician assistant practicing emergency medicine in Fort Worth, Texas. He graduated from the University of North Texas Health Science Center in 2016. Eric developed a passion for teaching while working as a zipline and ecotour guide in Austin, Texas. He has also taught standardized test prep classes to high school students and currently enjoys training PA and NP emergency medicine residents. On this episode, he'll be breaking down syncope from presentation, the differentials, things to look out...2019-07-0523 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedical Scoring Part 2Last week we discussed some scoring systems regarding neuro, cardiac, and respiratory. This week, I want to go over GI, renal, endocrinology, infectious disease, and hematology. Let's get started! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  Whether you want to ... Stop taking your work home Have the skillset to work autonomously Improve your work life balance ...or...2019-05-1512 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedical Scoring Systems Part 1Over the next couple weeks, I want to take a break from the normal disease based podcasts. Instead, I want to shift our focus and discuss some high yield useful scoring, equations, and algorithms, such as the NEXUS C-Spine rule, PERC rule, calcium correction for albumin, FENA, free water deficit for hyponatremia, etc. There are a ton to know. But, I want to touch on the ones I use day in and day out.  You're probably thinking... Well, Zach, I can just hop online and use the free calculator.  And, I ag...2019-04-2712 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastEye ProblemsSo, you scroll to the next patient on your list and see the chief complaint of "eye problem". This can be anything. From a simple hordeolum to an emergency situation like a retrobulbar hematoma. So, let's go over some common eye problems you might see in the emergency department, urgent care, or primary care office. Enjoy! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we...2019-04-2210 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastToxic Shock SyndromeToday, we're going to talk about toxic shock syndrome.  You're probably thinking this is the disease associated with tampons and menstrual cycles. Well, let me tell you it's not just menstrual cycle related. In fact, half of the reported case are not menstrual related. Regardless, when you hear toxic shock syndrome, get concerned and get worried. Hopefully, you won't ever have to make this diagnosis, as it's quite lethal. I've seen in one time so far in my career and the case didn't end well. So, let's get started!2019-04-1209 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThe Agitated PatientYou have a 54 year old male patient with a past medical history of schizophrenia, ETOH abuse, drug abuse (crack cocaine), hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. He was brought in by police for aggressive behavior in public. The patient was roaming the street, yelling and banging on restaurant windows.  Upon police arrival, the patient was awake and alert. However, he wasn't calm or cooperative; ultimately he required restraints by EMS. You're unable to get his vital signs due to his agitation. So, what would you do?  Today, I want to discuss th...2019-04-0709 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastTumor Lysis SyndromeSo, today's podcast topic is not a common one, but definitely an emergency when it walks through the door. I actually recently admitted a patient with tumor lysis syndrome to the ICU. This was a very interesting case because it was spontaneous and not following chemotherapy treatment. So, I thought it would be appropriate to touch on this and break the case down in today's podcast.  - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. Thi...2019-03-2806 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastManaging Vaginal BleedingAs I pick up more per diem shifts in the ER, I've been seeing more and more complaints of the dreaded vaginal bleeding. At first, I avoided these patients as much as I could, because this isn't your every day complaint in the ICU. I had no idea how to approach these patients - I mean the last time I did a speculum exam was when I was a student. So, I challenged myself to see more of these patients so that I could develop a good diagnostic algorithm and management plan. So...2019-03-2211 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSyncope: what is the approach?Lately, I've been seeing a ton of patient's coming into the ER with a chief complaint of syncope. Today, I want to discuss an approach to the syncopal patient. I also want to get into: Identifying the red flag emergencies Common causes of syncope What diagnostics need to be ordered Today, we have a 75 year old female with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, aortic stenosis, and diabetes.  She comes in with a chief complaint of passing out suddenly as she was walking to the bathroom. She fell to the g...2019-03-1811 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSerotonin SyndromeToday, we're going to discuss the last topic of the toxicology series and that's going to be serotonin syndrome. We have a 32 year old male with a past medical history of depression who presents with an intentional overdose of Zoloft.  Per the family, the patient was found in his bedroom acting abnormal, and an empty bottle of Zoloft was found on the floor. His last known normal was when he got home at 3pm, which was about 4 hours prior to arriving to the ER. Vitals: 103.9 F, 130 HR, 110/78, and 96% O2 RA.  On ex...2019-03-0710 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnticholinergic ToxicityToday, we're going to discuss anticholinergic toxicity. This is an important one as there are a ton of medications out there that have anticholinergic properties.  We have a 75 year old female with a past medical history of Parkinsons, COPD, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.  She presents from a skilled nursing facility with altered mental status. Per the SNF, the patients baseline is alert and oriented x4 but does need assistance with ADLs.  This morning the patient had intermittent agitation and was disoriented to self, place, and time.  Patient had a temp of 1...2019-02-2810 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastTylenol OverdoseWe have an 18 year old male with a past medical history of depression and anxiety who presents with remorse following an intentional ingestion of anything he could find in his parents medicine cabinet. He believes he took about a handful of tylenol tablets and thinks they were about 10 pills of 500 mg extended release tablets. It's the most commonly used fever reducing and pain control agent on the market.  The most common cause of liver injury is drug induced, and half the cases, are due to Tylenol.  This is why it's so im...2019-02-2108 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAcute Opioid OverdoseOver the next few weeks, I want to do a mini toxicology series. With the amount of new drugs and the amount of overdoses which are occurring, I think it's important for providers to know... The clinical presentation Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Workup Management ...for these critical patients. Today, we'll be discussing the acute opioid overdose. We'll go over a case, break it down by intro, etiology, clinical presentation, workup, diagnosis, differentials, and management.  So, let's dive in! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life yo...2019-02-1508 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAcute PancreatitisWe have a 32 year old male with a past medical history of ETOH abuse (1 pint of vodka daily), ETOH related seizures, and hypertension. He presents with a complaint of severe epigastric pain and tenderness which started about a day ago and has progressively worsened over the day. The patient said he attempted to eat and drink this morning, but became nauseous and had one episode of non-bloody vomiting. The patient's last alcoholic drink was the night prior. He has no new medications.  Vitals: 101.1F, HR 110, BP 89/68, 98% O2 sat RA. O...2019-02-0814 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastThrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP).Today, we have a 35 year old African American female with a past medical history of hypertension, who presents to the emergency department. He has a two week history of a viral upper respiratory symptoms, including a low grade fever, cough, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat, decreased oral intake - followed by a persistent nose bleed. The nose bleed began over the last couple days and isn't stopping despite persistent pressure. And over the last 24 hours, she had a change in her mental status per her family. Her exam was unremarkable. Her...2019-01-3108 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastACE Inhibitors and AngioedemaToday, I want to talk about a specific topic, that I've seen about 5 times total in my career: Ace inhibitor induced angioedema The first question we should ask is, why do we care (aside from it being fatal)? Well, many patient's have hypertension, and many of them are placed on an ACE inhibitor. This makes ACE inhibitors the number one cause of drug induced angioedema in the United States. The most important thing to remember is the pathophysiology.  Today, we'll do a quick review of... The pathophysiology behind w...2019-01-2407 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAcute MigraineAs you start your shift, your first patient comes in with a chief complaint of headache. A 38 year old female comes in with a two day history of headache. She describes 8/10 pain on the left side of her head and is pulsating in quality. She denies any radiation and states the pain started while she was at work and continued to worsen. She took Motrin with minimal improvement. As soon as she got off work, the patient went home, and locked herself in a dark room - which helped. She has had headaches in the...2019-01-1710 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastObstructive Sleep Apnea: A Rapid Fire ReviewThis week, I want to do a quick rapid review of OSA (obstructive sleep apnea). It's a topic on the blueprint and one you should know about, because it puts patient's at risk for many complications. OSA is one of the most common sleep disorders and occurs due to decreased airflow through the upper airway due to soft tissue collapse. This occurs during sleep and leads to derangement of the oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange. Today we'll touch on: OSA Etiology and Risk factors Signs and Symptoms Diagnostic Testing Management We'll cover it all in...2019-01-1206 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastSepsis Updated GuidelinesSepsis is an ever changing syndrome that has evolving definitions, scoring systems, and management. You might have heard about the surviving sepsis campaign. It's a joint collaboration between the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the European Society of Critical Care Medicine, which offers evidence based guidelines aimed at reducing sepsis related mortality and morbidity. Guidelines have been published 4 times now, with the 5th being in progress as we speak. Each edition has evolved, with the most recent being published in 2016.  Today, I want to go over: Defining sepsis Finding the source L...2019-01-0419 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPulmonary HypertensionToday, I'd like to talk about pulmonary hypertension. Most find this quite dull and boring. But, I find this topic interesting, and actually wrote a PA school paper on the topic.  Before you skip this podcast, reconsider... ...I mean this topic is on the boards. Can you really say you know all the groups of pulmonary hypertension without looking them up? If not, then let's dive right in! We'll cover everything you need to know in 10 minutes. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help y...2018-12-2811 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastRhabdomyolysisThe next patient on your list is a 35 year old male with a past medical history of IV drug and alcohol abuse. He's been sober for the last 7 years.  He presents to the ER after a mechanical fall at home. The nursing triage notes states the patient was in his normal state of health, until about two days prior. He may have hit his head, but is unsure. The patient had a loss of consciousness. No neurological deficits. The day after his fall, he's experienced decreased urine output, despite increasing his water intake. T...2018-12-2007 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastCOPD exacerbationToday, I want to review the evaluation and management of an acute COPD exacerbation.  We have a 65 year old obese male who's a former smoker of 30 years (1 pack/day), but quit 5 years ago.  He has a past medical history of COPD on 3L nasal canula, coronary artery disease, GERD, and type 2 DM. He's presenting with a 3 day history of subjective fever, increasing cough, increasing sputum production, and shortness of breath. On exam, he has bilateral wheezing.  First let's treat the vitals: fever = tylenol tachycardia = EKG and former EKG hyp...2018-12-1309 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnticoagulation reversal agentsLast week, we reviewed the different types of anticoagulation medications.  Today, I want to review what to do when things go bad aka what are the reversal agents. There are 4 basic questions you should consider when thinking about anticoagulation reversal: Is the patient actively bleeding aka do I have to take action immediately? What anticoagulant is the patient on? When was their last dose? What doest the patient need the reversal for? i.e. life threatening bleed, emergent surgical procedure, etc. Let's dive right in!  - Our goal at Me...2018-12-0707 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAnticoagulationToday, we're going to change gears.  No case today and no systematic review. Instead, I want to review anticoagulation pharmacology...any medication that inhibits one or more steps of that coagulation cascade.  We're going to review the new and old agents, including: Mechanism of action Indications Precautions Adverse effects Monitoring Dosing We'll also quickly review and simplify the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Next week, we'll touch on what to do when things get ugly and need to reverse these medications. - Subscribe to our YouTube he...2018-11-2913 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPeritonsillar AbscessI was doing some moonlighting the other week, and I had a textbook case walk through the door. However, it's a case that doesn't walk through the door all too often. I had a 63 year old male with a history of hypertension and type 2 DM who presented with sore throat x 5 days. He denies shortness of breath and chest pain. Vitals revealed normal temperature, HR 95, BP 145/80, and O2 sat 98% RA.  At first, I was thinking this is likely a simple URI and was ready to give tylenol for pain coupled with a prescription f...2018-11-2307 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastInfluenza: just the factsIt's that time of year ago and our little viral friend is quickly gracing us with it's presence.  As of November 2nd, the CDC informed the community that influenza activity is low, however there have been small increases of activity seen over the prior week. So, it's coming... The three main strains seen are influenza A H1N1, influenza A H3N2, and influenza B. We'll do a quick review in just 5 minutes. Nothing but the facts today. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you li...2018-11-1506 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHyperparathyroidismHyperparathyroidism is one of those topics that is confusing, as it has primary, secondary, or tertiary causes.  There are PTH, phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D levels.  To be honest, it can get confusing. But, if you can understand the pathophysiology behind it all, then it will help you understand the labs and will help you come to the diagnosis. So, let's dive right in!  - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This...2018-11-0809 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHyponatremiaToday, we're going to do a quick systematic review of hyponatremia. If you're one of the few who know all the causes and correlating serum osmolality, urine osmolality, urine sodium values, and corresponding treatments - then this podcast is not for you lol. But, for those who struggle with hyponatremia, like I do at times, then have a listen as I break this down this complicated topic for you. After this podcast, you'll feel a lot more comfortable when a patient comes in with hyponatremia.  - Our goal at M...2018-11-0109 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHypertensive crisisIt's Monday morning and your first patient on your schedule comes in with one day of shortness of breath. The MA checks the vitals and says, "the patient's blood pressure is a little high at 220/110". The patient is a 55 year old male with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and heart failure with a preserved EF. So, what would be your next step? Today, we're going to talk hypertensive urgency and the management of this patient.  - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life yo...2018-10-2512 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastLymphomasToday, we are going to do a quick systematic review of lymphomas: Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. I'm pretty sure after school, all I knew about this topic was that reed sternberg cells were associated with Hodgkin lymphoma. Maybe you're in the same boat. But, hopefully after todays podcast, you'll feel much more comfortable with this. - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a p...2018-10-1804 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPain, anxiety, agitation, and deliriumOne of the most common issues I face are patients who have pain, anxiety, agitation, and delirium; sometimes all of them at once. Let's say we have a 75 year old female patient with a past medical history of dementia, chronic back pain with radiculopathy, CAD status post CABG, heart failure with a reduced EF, and ESRD on hemodialysis. She's on opiates, as well as on a neuropathic pain medication.  The patient was brought into the ICU for septic shock due to UTI. She required pressors and also has acute decompensated CHF and acute o...2018-10-1112 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastAltered mental statusLets talk about the approach to the patient that presents to the hospital with altered mental status.  This is a very common presentation that I see often - whether I'm in the emergency room, step down, or ICU. The etiologies can be endless. But, the goal after today's podcast, is to arm you with an algorithm to narrow in on that etiology.  Enjoy! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This look...2018-10-0413 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastIntubating the asthmaticYou're asked to see a 22 year old female with a past medical history of asthma who presents to the emergency room with increasing shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing. Over the past 24 hours she's been non-responsive to her home nebulizer treatment every 4 hours.  A quick chart review allows you to see the patient has required ICU admission and mechanical ventilation last year due to an asthma exacerbation. As you walk into the room, you notice the patient can only speak one word at a time before taking deep breaths. She's in respiratory di...2018-09-2011 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastTreating Pulmonary EmbolismLast week we presented a patient presenting with signs and symptoms of a PE and CTA confirmed saddle pulmonary embolism.  So, now the questions is, what type of PE is this? Massive Submassive Non-massive (low risk) It's important we separate patients into different categories, because each category will have different adverse outcomes, and more importantly, differences in mortality risk. Therefore, if we can group these patients into a category, then this is the first step in identifying the best course of action. Today, we'll walk you through this every step of t...2018-09-1310 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastPulmonary EmbolismAs you're working in the emergency room, you're asked to see a 62 year old female. She has a past medical history significant for morbid obesity (BMI 43). She fell three weeks ago and fractured her right tibia, which required a cast, and has been not been mobile since.  She developed shortness of breath two weeks ago which has worsened to the point where she can't even put her clothes on without becoming symptomatic.  Her right leg has also become increasingly swollen and painful. She denies fever, syncope, cough, hemoptysis, or chest pain. Vi...2018-09-0609 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastStarting a physician assistant emergency medicine fellowshipToday, we'll be introducing Katelyn Reeve to the team who will be starting her emergency medicine fellowship November 2018. Prior to PA school she played D1 soccer at Clemson University, was elected as captain for 2 years, and ended her time there as in the Academic Hall of Fame as an All-American. She then attended the Medical University of South Carolina (MUSC) in Charleston, SC and graduated in 2018 with a 3.99 GPA. Katelyn will be sharing her journey as she starts and goes through her emergency medicine fellowship - Our goal at Medgeeks...2018-09-0505 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastHow to read medical literaturePrior to PA school, Zach was a clinical research coordinator at Mass General Hospital. He was lucky enough to work with some of the worlds leading researchers in cardiac imaging. One thing he learned was how to approach a medical paper... This skill is usually overlooked and most simply read the abstract of the paper. But, there's a lot more that we need to know, as research drives medicine.  It's also your duty to stay uptodate to provide the most current evidence based medicine.  After todays podcast, you'll be a pro at...2018-08-3012 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastABG Part 4 [metabolic alkalosis]This is the final lecture in our ABG mini series. Today, we're going to finish it all off with metabolic alkalosis. This has the potential for some really bad complications: seizures, arrhythmias, electrolyte abnormalities, and death.  The patients with alkalosis should definitely scare you most. So, let's dive right in! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. This looks different to everyone, which is why we take such a personalized approach.  2018-08-2305 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastABG Part 3 [metabolic acidosis]This acid base disorder requires multiple steps! So, make sure to pay close attention to this one.  But, what are common metabolic acidosis disorders? Well, everyone jumps to MUDPILES. The first step, however, is to determine if there's an increased anion gap or not. Remember, the body already has a normal anion gap (difference between anions and cations). Clinical pearl for all you Medgeeks: the anion gap is affected by albumin and this is the most abundant unmeasured anion in the body.Therefore, if albumin is low, then the normal anion g...2018-08-1709 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastABG Part 2 [respiratory alkalosis]Today, we'll be going over part 2 of 4 of the acid base disorders.  As a recap, what is normal?  Well, a normal pH is 7.35 - 7.45 If the pH is 7.45 then we have alkalemia. A normal bicarbonate is 22-26 and a normal pCO2 is 35-45.  In today's podcast we are going to tackle respiratory acidosis, partial vs complete compensation, and we'll show you what to look for to see if there is a co-existing acid/base disorder.  - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the...2018-08-0907 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastABG Part 1 [respiratory acidosis]Over the next 4 weeks we will be going over ABGs. We're going to break them down into 4 parts, as they all require different approaches. This will be our schedule for the next few weeks: Respiratory acidosis Respiratory alkalosis Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Today, we will be talking respiratory acidosis. Zach sees acid/base disorders on a daily basis and does an amazing job teaching this frustrating topic! - Our goal at Medgeeks is to help you live the life you want to live as you navigate a career in medicine. ...2018-08-0207 minMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastMedgeeks Clinical Review PodcastManaging DKA and HHSIn last weeks episode, we discussed the differences between DKA and HHS. Today, we'll be sharing how to manage these two diseases. If you missed last weeks episode, you can listen to that here: https://medgeeks.co/podcast/ We had that 35 year old female with type 1 DM on insulin complaining of burning with urination, followed by a few days of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and poor PO intake.  Labs revealed DKA: glucose 480, HA1c 10.5%, positive urine/serum ketones, creatinine 1.6, and anion gap of 25. ABG showed ph of 7.25, PCO2 of 28, bicarb of 12, an...2018-07-1912 min